细盲蛇属
外观
细盲蛇属![]() | |
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西部细盲蛇(Leptotyphlops humilis) | |
科学分类 ![]() | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 爬行纲 Reptilia |
目: | 有鳞目 Squamata |
亚目: | 蛇亚目 Serpentes |
科: | 细盲蛇科 Leptotyphlopidae |
属: | 细盲蛇属 Leptotyphlops Fitzinger,1843 |
异名 | |
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细盲蛇属(学名:Leptotyphlops)是蛇亚目细盲蛇科下的一个无毒蛇属,主要分布于北美洲、南美洲、非洲及西南亚等。目前共有86个物种已被确认。[2]
特征
[编辑]大部分细盲蛇外表都像有光泽的蚯蚓。它们多以棕色或粉红色为主,体型幼小,身体上的鳞片有明显的节状纹理。其它种类的盲蛇大概也有类似的特征,不过该类盲蛇多以黑色为主。细盲蛇的眼睛极小,仅成点状,而且几乎完全没有视力。
地理分布
[编辑]细盲蛇广泛分布于美洲、非洲及西南亚。在美洲里,细盲蛇分布于美国西南部、大部分中美洲及南美洲(包括乌拉圭及阿根廷)一带。[1]
习性
[编辑]盲蛇都善于掘洞,并栖息于地下。平时它们大都生活于地洞之中,只有在雨天时才可能走上地面。盲蛇的主要食粮是蚂蚁及白蚁,与及它们的虫卵和幼虫。
物种
[编辑]物种[2] | 学名及作者[2] | 亚种数[2] | 异称 | 地理分布 |
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委内瑞拉细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops affinis,Boulenger,1884 | 0 | ||
瓦氏细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops albifrons,Wagler,1824 | 0 | ||
L. albipunctus | Leptotyphlops albipunctus,Jan,1861 | 0 | ||
L. albiventer | Leptotyphlops albiventer,Hallermann & Rödel,1995 | 0 | ||
拜氏细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops anthracinus,Bailey,1946 | 0 | ||
L. asbolepis | Leptotyphlops asbolepis,Thomas, McDiarmid & Thompson,1985 | 0 | ||
费氏细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops australis,Freiberg & Orejas-Miranda,1968 | 0 | ||
双色细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops bicolor,Jan,1860 | 0 | ||
双线细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops bilineatus,Schlegel,1839 | 0 | ||
布氏细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops blanfordii,Boulenger,1890 | 0 | ||
L. borapeliotes | Leptotyphlops borapeliotes,Vanzolini,1996 | 0 | ||
迪氏细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops borrichianus,Degerbl,1923 | 0 | ||
曼达粉红细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops boulengeri,Boettger,1913] | 0 | 博氏细盲蛇 | |
巴西细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops brasiliensis,Laurent,1949 | 0 | ||
米却肯州细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops bressoni,Taylor,1939 | 0 | ||
短尾细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops brevicaudus,Bocage,1887 | 0 | ||
卡克塔细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops brevissimus,Shreve,1964 | 0 | ||
L. broadleyi | Leptotyphlops broadleyi,Wallach & Hahn,1997 | 0 | ||
阿拉伯细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops burii,Boulenger,1905 | 0 | ||
开罗细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops cairi,A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron,1844 | 0 | ||
卡拉细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops carlae,Hedges,2008 | 0 | 巴巴多斯 | |
土卫细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops calypso,Thomas, McDiarmid & Thompson,1985 | 0 | ||
领细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops collaris,Hoogmoed,1977 | 0 | ||
圣萨尔瓦多细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops columbi,Klauber,1939 | 0 | ||
角细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops conjunctus,Jan,1861 | 3 | ||
马托葛洛索细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops cupinensis,Bailey & Carvalho,1946 | 0 | ||
西非细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops debilis,Chabanaud,1918 | 0 | ||
L. diaplocius | Leptotyphlops diaplocius,Orejas-Miranda,1969 | 0 | ||
丹堤细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops dimidiatus,Jan,1861 | 0 | ||
苏丹细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops dissimilis,Bocage,1886 | 0 | ||
L. distanti | Leptotyphlops distanti,Boulenger,1892 | 0 | ||
L. drewesi | Leptotyphlops drewesi,Wallach,1996 | 0 | ||
L. dugandi | Leptotyphlops dugandi,Dunn,1944 | 0 | ||
德州细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops dulcis,Baird & Girard,1853 | 2 | ||
艾密尼细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops emini,Boulenger,1890 | 0 | ||
索科特拉岛细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops filiformis,Boulenger,1899 | 0 | ||
L. fitzingeri | Leptotyphlops fitzingeri,Jan,1861 | 0 | ||
L. gestri | Leptotyphlops gestri,Boulenger,1906 | 0 | ||
古氏细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops goudotii,A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron,1844 | 3 | 黑细盲蛇 | |
幼线细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops gracilior,Boulenger,1910 | 0 | ||
L. guayaquilensis | Leptotyphlops guayaquilensis,Orejas-Miranda & Peters,1970 | 0 | ||
L. hamulirostris | Leptotyphlops hamulirostris,Nikolsky,1907 | 0 | ||
西部细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops humilis,Baird & Girard,1853 | 8 | ||
约书亚细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops joshuai,Dunn,1944 | 0 | ||
亚氏细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops koppesi,Amaral,1955 | 0 | ||
唇细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops labialis,Sternfeld,1908 | 0 | 达马拉细盲蛇 | |
L. leptepileptus | Leptotyphlops leptepileptus,Thomas, McDiarmid & Thompson,1985 | 0 | ||
长尾细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops longicaudus,Peters,1854 | 0 | ||
大鳞细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops macrolepis,Peters,1857 | 0 | ||
大眼细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops macrops,Broadley & Wallach,1996 | 0 | ||
大吻细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus,Jan,1860 | 0 | ||
大尾细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops macrurus,Boulenger,1903 | 0 | 博氏细盲蛇 | |
巨细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops maximus,Loveridge,1932 | 0 | ||
拉丁美洲细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops melanotermus,Cope,1862 | 0 | ||
暗细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops melanurus,Schmidt & Walker,1943 | 0 | ||
L. munoai | Leptotyphlops munoai,Orejas-Miranda,1961 | 0 | ||
L. narirostris | Leptotyphlops narirostris,Peters,1867 | 1 | ||
泰氏细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops nasalis,Taylor,1940 | 0 | ||
冈比亚细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops natatrix,Andersson,1937 | 0 | ||
桑坦德细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops nicefori,Dunn,1946 | 0 | ||
细盲蛇T | Leptotyphlops nigricans,Schlegel,1839 | 0 | 黑细盲蛇 | |
努尔氏细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops nursii,Anderson,1896 | 0 | ||
L. occidentalis | Leptotyphlops occidentalis,FitzSimons,1962 | 0 | 西部细盲蛇 | |
L. perreti | Leptotyphlops perreti,Wilhelm Roux-Estève,1979 | 0 | ||
秘鲁细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops peruvianus,Orejas-Miranda,1969 | 0 | ||
汤马斯细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops pyrites,Thomas,1965 | 0 | ||
网状细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops reticulatus,Boulenger,1906 | 0 | ||
长吻细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops rostratus,Bocage,1886 | 0 | 保氏细盲蛇 | |
红线细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops rubrolineatus,Werner,1901 | 0 | ||
玫瑰细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops rufidorsus,Taylor,1940 | 0 | ||
圣埃斯皮里图州细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops salgueiroi,Amaral,1955 | 0 | ||
彼得细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops scutifrons,Peters,1854 | 0 | ||
七带细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops septemstriatus,Schneider,1801 | 0 | ||
南美细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops signatus,Jan,1861 | 0 | ||
条纹细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops striatulus,Smith & Laufe,1945 | 0 | ||
L. subcrotillus | Leptotyphlops subcrotillus,Klauber,1939 | 0 | ||
L. sundewalli | Leptotyphlops sundewalli,Jan,1861 | 0 | ||
L. sylvicolus | Leptotyphlops sylvicolus Broadley & Wallach, 1997[3] | |||
北部细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops teaguei,Orejas-Miranda,1964 | 0 | ||
L. telloi | Leptotyphlops telloi,Broadley & Watson,1976 | 0 | ||
锯齿细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops tesselatus,Tschudi,1845 | 0 | ||
三色细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops tricolor,Orejas-Miranda & Zug,1974 | 0 | ||
十一带细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops undecimstriatus,Schlegel,1839 | 0 | ||
南部细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops unguirostris,Boulenger,1902 | 0 | ||
杂色细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops variabilis,Scortecci,1928 | 0 | ||
L. vellardi | Leptotyphlops vellardi,Laurent,1984 | 0 | ||
阿根廷细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops weyrauchi,Orejas-Miranda,1964 | 0 | ||
威尔逊细盲蛇 | Leptotyphlops wilsoni,Hahn,1978 | 0 |
备注
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 McDiarmid RW、Campbell JA、Touré T:《Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1》页511,Herpetologists' League,1999年。ISBN 1-893777-00-6
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Leptotyphlops. ITIS. 2007 [29 August, 2007].
- ^ Theo Busschau, Werner Conradie and Savel R. Daniels. 2020. One Species hides Many: Molecular and Morphological Evidence for Cryptic Speciation in A Thread Snake (Leptotyphlopidae: Leptotyphlops sylvicolus Broadley & Wallach, 1997). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12401
外部链接
[编辑]- (英文)TIGR爬虫类数据库:细盲蛇属
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