動脈硬度

動脈硬度（英文：Arterial stiffness）隨自然老化（英語：Senescence）與動脈硬化漸增。

發炎是動脈硬化進展的主因，因此發炎也成為大動脈硬化的推手。^[1] 動脈硬度的增加與發生心肌梗死及中風等心血管疾病的風險呈正相關（心肌梗死及中風是已開發國家的兩個主要死因）。發生在富含彈性蛋白的動脈的許多種老化被認為與血管逐漸硬化有關。

2018年4月，美國心臟醫學會（英語：American Heart Association）旗下的《高血壓 Hypertension》期刊曾發布一篇論文表示，童年時期和成年時期的氣喘病史和老年時的動脈硬化（包含主動脈硬化）機率在統計上有相關性，若氣喘合併體重過重和高血壓等病史，則相關性將再進一步提高。^[2]^[3]研究人員推測，這可能與氣喘導致的血管長期發炎有關。^[2]^[3] 論文指出，有氣喘病史的人，應該從小就定期監測血壓、更著重心臟保健，例如：不抽菸、控制膽固醇、減去多餘的體重、健康飲食、規律運動。^[2]^[3]

研究指出，長期規律的有氧運動對心臟血管健康帶來的正面影響會逆轉先天基因不良因素對心臟血管帶所來的負面影響，最終將使心血管疾病的發病率下降。^[4]^[5]

測量

動脈硬度目前皆以非侵入式間接測量或推導：^[6]

動脈管徑變化與動脈壓力變化的關係
脈波傳導速度
脈波波形分析

參考文獻

^ Mozos I, Malainer C, Horbańczuk J, Gug C, Stoian D, Luca CT, Atanasov AG. Inflammatory Markers for Arterial Stiffness in Cardiovascular Diseases （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Front Immunol. 2017 Aug 31;8:1058. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01058.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Asthma as a kid may mean stiffer arteries as an adult. News on Heart.org. 2018-04-09 [2018-04-12]. （原始內容存檔於2018-07-14）.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 History of Asthma From Childhood and Arterial Stiffness in Asymptomatic Young AdultsNovelty and Significance. Hypertension (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)). 2018-04-09, 71 (5): 928–936. ISSN 0194-911X. doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.10916.
^ Exercise could outsmart genetics when it comes to heart disease. News on Heart.org. 2018-04-09 [2018-04-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-08-13）.
^ Associations of Fitness, Physical Activity, Strength, and Genetic Risk With Cardiovascular Disease: Longitudinal Analyses in the UK Biobank Study. Circulation (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)). 2018-04-09: CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032432. ISSN 0009-7322. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.117.032432.
^ Sakuragi, Satoru; Abhayaratna, Walter P. Arterial stiffness: Methods of measurement, physiologic determinants and prediction of cardiovascular outcomes. International Journal of Cardiology. 2010, 138 (2): 112–118. ISSN 0167-5273. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.04.027.

[1] Mozos I, Malainer C, Horbańczuk J, Gug C, Stoian D, Luca CT, Atanasov AG. Inflammatory Markers for Arterial Stiffness in Cardiovascular Diseases （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Front Immunol. 2017 Aug 31;8:1058. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01058.

[News_on_Heart.org_2018-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Asthma as a kid may mean stiffer arteries as an adult. News on Heart.org. 2018-04-09 [2018-04-12]. （原始內容存檔於2018-07-14）.

[Ovid_Technologies_(Wolters_Kluwer_Health)_pp._928–936-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 History of Asthma From Childhood and Arterial Stiffness in Asymptomatic Young AdultsNovelty and Significance. Hypertension (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)). 2018-04-09, 71 (5): 928–936. ISSN 0194-911X. doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.10916.

[News_on_Heart.org_2018_II-4] Exercise could outsmart genetics when it comes to heart disease. News on Heart.org. 2018-04-09 [2018-04-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-08-13）.

[Ovid_Technologies_(Wolters_Kluwer_Health)_p=CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032432-5] Associations of Fitness, Physical Activity, Strength, and Genetic Risk With Cardiovascular Disease: Longitudinal Analyses in the UK Biobank Study. Circulation (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)). 2018-04-09: CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032432. ISSN 0009-7322. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.117.032432.

[SakuragiAbhayaratna2010-6] Sakuragi, Satoru; Abhayaratna, Walter P. Arterial stiffness: Methods of measurement, physiologic determinants and prediction of cardiovascular outcomes. International Journal of Cardiology. 2010, 138 (2): 112–118. ISSN 0167-5273. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.04.027.

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