疊音脫落

疊音脫落（又譯重複音縮略、同音簡縮，英語：haplology，此詞源自古希臘語 ἁπλός(haplos/簡單)及 λόγος(lógos/講話)）定義上指兩個連續且相同，或相似的音節出現時、其中的一個音節被消除。這種現象由美國語言學家莫里斯·布盧姆菲爾德(Maurice Bloomfield)在20世紀指出。^[1]由於單詞"haplology"本身符合疊音脫落的條件，所以語言學家有時開玩笑地把它叫做"haplogy"。^[1]

範例[編輯]

巴斯克語: sagarrardo > sagardo ('蘋果西打')
荷蘭語: narcissisme > narcisme ('自戀狂')
英語:
- Engla land > England ^[1]
- morphophonology > morphonology^[2]
- coercitive (過時的拼寫) > coercive^[3]
- mono nomial > monomial
- 口語(非標準拼法由<*>標記出):
  - library (RP: /ˈlaɪbrərɪ/) > *libry /ˈlaɪbrɪ/
  - particularly > *particuly
  - pierced-ear earrings > pierced earrings ^[1]
  - probably > *probly
  - February > *Febury, *Febuary
  - * preventative > preventive^[4]
  - representative > * representive
  - authoritative > * authoritive
拉丁語: nutritrix > nutrix '護士'
生物拉丁語:
- Hamamelididae (不允許拼寫為: Hamamelidae)
- Nycterididae > Nycteridae [1]
- Anomalocaridid > Anomalocarid
荷馬式希臘語: amphiphoreus > amphoreus '左右手均可的投手' ^[5]
古典阿拉伯語: تتقاتلون tataqātalūna > تقاتلون taqātalūna '你們互相打架' ^[6]
西班牙語: impudicicia > impudicia '缺乏誠信'(這兩個詞被廣泛接受^[7])
噶瑪蘭語: zina-na > zina ('他(她)說，據說')^[8]
漢語：
- 你存在在我的腦海里 > 你存在我的腦海里
- 抽煙的的東西 > 抽煙的東西
- 公安局局長 > 公安局長
- 小學學生 > 小學生
- 中醫醫師 > 中醫師

註釋[編輯]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for February 6, 2008. Merriam-Webster Online. [2008-02-06].
^ Trubetskoy, N.S. Appendix II: Thoughts on Morphonology. Baltaxe (transl.), Christiane A. M. (編). Principles of Phonology. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. 1969: 305. ISBN 0-520-01535-5. By morphonology or morphophonology we understand, as is well known, the study of the utilization in morphology of the phonological means of language. Translated from the German (Grundzüge der Phonologie, Prague, 1939).
^ Oxford English Dictionary online version. November 2010.
^ Preventive - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. [2015-01-10]. （原始內容存檔於2015-01-10）.
^ Hock, Hans Henrich. Sound change: Dissimilation, haplology, metathesis. Principles of Historical Linguistics. De Gruyter. 1986: 109. ISBN 3-11-010600-0.
^ Kaye, Alan. Arabic. Bernard Comrie (編). The World's Major Languages. Oxford University Press. 1987: 567. ISBN 0-19-520521-9.
^ DRAE entry for 'impudicicia'. Diccionario de la Lengua Española Vigésima segunda edición. [2010-11-13].
^ 清水純,"噶瑪蘭族神話傳說集(Kavalan Myths and Traditions)",南天書局,1993/03.ISBN 957-638-490-7（噶瑪蘭文）（日語）（中文）（英文）

參考文獻[編輯]

Crowley, Terry. (1997) An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. 3rd edition. Oxford University Press.

參見[編輯]

字符漏略(Haplography)
荷馬式希臘語(Homeric Greek)
語音異化

[M-W-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for February 6, 2008. Merriam-Webster Online. [2008-02-06].

[2] Trubetskoy, N.S. Appendix II: Thoughts on Morphonology. Baltaxe (transl.), Christiane A. M. (編). Principles of Phonology. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. 1969: 305. ISBN 0-520-01535-5. By morphonology or morphophonology we understand, as is well known, the study of the utilization in morphology of the phonological means of language. Translated from the German (Grundzüge der Phonologie, Prague, 1939).

[3] Oxford English Dictionary online version. November 2010.

[4] Preventive - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. [2015-01-10]. （原始內容存檔於2015-01-10）.

[5] Hock, Hans Henrich. Sound change: Dissimilation, haplology, metathesis. Principles of Historical Linguistics. De Gruyter. 1986: 109. ISBN 3-11-010600-0.

[6] Kaye, Alan. Arabic. Bernard Comrie (編). The World's Major Languages. Oxford University Press. 1987: 567. ISBN 0-19-520521-9.

[7] DRAE entry for 'impudicicia'. Diccionario de la Lengua Española Vigésima segunda edición. [2010-11-13].

[8] 清水純,"噶瑪蘭族神話傳說集(Kavalan Myths and Traditions)",南天書局,1993/03.ISBN 957-638-490-7（噶瑪蘭文）（日語）（中文）（英文）

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