人民保護部隊

人民保護部隊（庫爾德語：Yekîneyên Parastina Gel‎，縮寫為YPG）是敘利亞庫爾德人政黨民主聯盟黨（PYD）的下屬軍事組織。^[1]^[2] 這支部隊成立初期，在敘利亞內戰中採取守勢，^[1]^[3]對抗其它試圖佔據敘利亞庫爾德族地區的非庫爾德族武裝。其後，人民保護部隊開始進攻被伊斯蘭國佔領及主要由阿拉伯人居住的敘利亞其它地區。^[4]

2012年7月，人民保護部隊逐走駐守科巴尼的敘利亞政府軍，並奪取阿穆達和阿夫林。^[5]^[6]至2012年12月，人民保護部隊已擴充至8個旅。^[7]

人民保護部隊自從逐走艾因角的聖戰分子後，與伊斯蘭主義武裝分子開始了衝突。^[8]

2014年，人民保護部隊與自由敘利亞軍合作，對抗拉卡省的伊斯蘭國武裝。^[9]到2015年，人民保衛軍的兵力約有25,000人；自由敘利亞軍和一些伊斯蘭主義武裝團體反對人民保衛軍進佔阿拉伯人居住地區，他們指控人民保護部隊在佔領的村莊驅逐阿拉伯人。^[10]

人民保護部隊有一支對應的專由女性組成的部隊：婦女保護部隊。

人民保護部隊是2015年10月成立的「敘利亞民主力量」的成員之一。

人民保護部隊是一支輕型步兵部隊，軍事裝備有限，裝甲車輛也很少。據土耳其國營阿納多盧通訊社報導，美軍提供了7.15億美元的武器裝備援助，提供的重型武器包括TOW美國反坦克導彈。

2016：幼發拉底之盾行動

2016年8月24日，土耳其展開名為「幼發拉底之盾行動」的軍事攻勢，土耳其軍隊協助親土耳其武裝分子奪取敘利亞北部邊境城鎮賈拉布魯斯後，開始攻擊附近的人民保護部隊控制區。^[11]

2018：橄欖枝行動

參見

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Gold, Danny. Meet the YPG, the Kurdish militia that doesn't want help from anyone. VICE. 31 October 2012 [9 October 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2016-04-13）. A member of YPG’s central command … said that the YPG formed in 2004 shortly after the Qamishlo riots, when a number of Kurdish youth realized that they needed to be able to defend themselves more efficiently. They did not officially declare themselves until the revolution started in 2011. 參數|magazine=與模板{{cite news}}不匹配（建議改用{{cite magazine}}或|newspaper=） (幫助)
^ van Wilgenburg, Wladimir. Conflict intensifies in Kurdish area of Syria. Al-Monitor. 5 April 2013 [9 October 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2014年10月15日）.
^ YPG Commander: Kurds Are Bulwark Against Islamic Extremism in Syria. Rudaw. 22 July 2013 [9 October 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2015-07-13）.
^ Pitarakis, Lefteris; Mroue, Bassem. Thousands of Syrians flee into Turkey amid intense fighting. AP. 14 June 2015 [2015-07-30]. （原始內容存檔於2015-06-17）. Thousands of Syrians cut through a border fence and crossed over into Turkey … fleeing intense fighting … between Kurdish fighters and jihadis.
^ Ahmed, Hevidar. Liberated Kurdish cities in Syrian Kurdistan move into next phase. Rudaw (Erbil, Iraq). 25 July 2012 [28 July 2012]. （原始內容存檔於2020-04-27）.
^ Kurds Give Ultimatum to Syrian Security Forces. Rudaw. 21 July 2012 [9 October 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-27）.
^ The Kurdish Protection Units have formed a new brigade in the Al–Bab region. Scientia Humana. 4 December 2012 [18 December 2013]. （原始內容存檔於2013年1月8日）. Kurdish Information Center
^ Kurds expel jihadists from flashpoint Syrian town: NGO. AFP. 17 July 2013 [13 February 2015]. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-26）.
^ FSA and YPG cooperate against ISIL militants in Syria's Tel Abyad. ARA News. 12 May 2014 [9 October 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2014年10月8日）.
^ 对立派系及分析家:将受美国军援的叙反抗武装不靠谱. 美國之音. 2015-10-07.
^ Turkey ramps up Syria offensive with deadly bombings. Daily Mail Online. 2016-08-28 [2016-08-28]. （原始內容存檔於2016-08-29）.

[Vice-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Gold, Danny. Meet the YPG, the Kurdish militia that doesn't want help from anyone. VICE. 31 October 2012 [9 October 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2016-04-13）. A member of YPG’s central command … said that the YPG formed in 2004 shortly after the Qamishlo riots, when a number of Kurdish youth realized that they needed to be able to defend themselves more efficiently. They did not officially declare themselves until the revolution started in 2011. 參數|magazine=與模板{{cite news}}不匹配（建議改用{{cite magazine}}或|newspaper=） (幫助)

[2] van Wilgenburg, Wladimir. Conflict intensifies in Kurdish area of Syria. Al-Monitor. 5 April 2013 [9 October 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2014年10月15日）.

[3] YPG Commander: Kurds Are Bulwark Against Islamic Extremism in Syria. Rudaw. 22 July 2013 [9 October 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2015-07-13）.

[pitarakis-4] Pitarakis, Lefteris; Mroue, Bassem. Thousands of Syrians flee into Turkey amid intense fighting. AP. 14 June 2015 [2015-07-30]. （原始內容存檔於2015-06-17）. Thousands of Syrians cut through a border fence and crossed over into Turkey … fleeing intense fighting … between Kurdish fighters and jihadis.

[lib-5] Ahmed, Hevidar. Liberated Kurdish cities in Syrian Kurdistan move into next phase. Rudaw (Erbil, Iraq). 25 July 2012 [28 July 2012]. （原始內容存檔於2020-04-27）.

[6] Kurds Give Ultimatum to Syrian Security Forces. Rudaw. 21 July 2012 [9 October 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-27）.

[7] The Kurdish Protection Units have formed a new brigade in the Al–Bab region. Scientia Humana. 4 December 2012 [18 December 2013]. （原始內容存檔於2013年1月8日）. Kurdish Information Center

[8] Kurds expel jihadists from flashpoint Syrian town: NGO. AFP. 17 July 2013 [13 February 2015]. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-26）.

[9] FSA and YPG cooperate against ISIL militants in Syria's Tel Abyad. ARA News. 12 May 2014 [9 October 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2014年10月8日）.

[10] 对立派系及分析家:将受美国军援的叙反抗武装不靠谱. 美國之音. 2015-10-07.

[40dead-11] Turkey ramps up Syria offensive with deadly bombings. Daily Mail Online. 2016-08-28 [2016-08-28]. （原始內容存檔於2016-08-29）.

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