十八烷
外观
十八烷 | |
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IUPAC名 Octadecane | |
系统名 Octadecane | |
别名 | 正十八烷 |
识别 | |
CAS号 | 593-45-3 ![]() |
PubChem | 11635 |
ChemSpider | 11145 |
SMILES |
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InChI |
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InChIKey | RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYAL |
EINECS | 209-790-3 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:32926 |
MeSH | C022883 |
性质 | |
化学式 | C18H38 |
摩尔质量 | 254.494 g·mol⁻¹ |
外观 | 白色晶体或粉末 |
密度 | 0.93 g·cm−3(21 °C) 0.777 g·cm−3(27 °C,液体)[1] |
熔点 | 27 °C(300 K)[1] 29 °C(302 K)[2] |
沸点 | 317 °C(590 K)[3] |
蒸气压 | 1 mm Hg(119 °C) |
结构 | |
晶体结构 | 三斜晶系[1] |
危险性 | |
欧盟分类 | EUH066 |
H-术语 | H335, H319, H315, H304 |
主要危害 | ![]() ![]() |
相关物质 | |
相关化合物 | 十七烷 十九烷 |
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 |
十八烷是一种有机化合物,一种化学式为C18H38的烷烃,室温下为固体,可由1-十八烯[4]或硬脂酸乙酯[5]的催化加氢得到。
反应
[编辑]十八烷在乙酰丙酮锰(III)存在下于200 °C被四氯化碳氯化,可以得到2-氯十八烷、少量的1-氯十八烷以及多氯代物。[6]在吡啶催化下,它和磺酰氯在光照下反应,可以得到十八烷基磺酰氯。[7]
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Müller, A., & Lonsdale, K. The low-temperature form of C18H38. Acta Crystallographica. 1948, 1 (3): 129–131 [2023-07-08]. doi:10.1107/s0365110x4800034x. (原始内容存档于2023-11-25).
- ^ Miao Chunyan, Lü Gang, Yao Youwei, Tang Guoyi, Weng Duan, Qiu Jianhui, Mizuno Mamoru. Preparation of Silica Microcapsules Containing Octadecane as Temperature-adjusting Powder. Chemistry Letters. 2007, 36 (4): 494–495 [2023-07-08]. ISSN 0366-7022. doi:10.1246/cl.2007.494. (原始内容存档于2023-12-06).
- ^ Khanal, O., & Shooter, D. Qualitative analysis of organics in atmospheric particulates by headspace solid phase microextraction-GC/MS. Atmospheric Environment. 2004, 38 (40): 6917–6925. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.01.059.
- ^ Sourav Ghosh, Balaji R. Jagirdar. Synthesis of mesoporous iridium nanosponge: a highly active, thermally stable and efficient olefin hydrogenation catalyst. Dalton Transactions. 2017, (34): 11431–11439 [2023-07-08]. doi:10.1039/C7DT01358B. (原始内容存档于2023-07-09).
- ^ Junxing Han, Jinzhao Duan, Ping Chen, Hui Lou, Xiaoming Zheng. Molybdenum Carbide-Catalyzed Conversion of Renewable Oils into Diesel-like Hydrocarbons. Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis. 2011, 353 (14-15): 2577–2583 [2023-07-08]. doi:10.1002/adsc.201100217. (原始内容存档于2023-07-08).
- ^ Khusnutdinov, R. I., Shchadneva, N. A., Bayguzina, A. R., Oshnyakova, T. M., Mayakova, Y. Y., & Dzhemilev, U. M. Chlorination of hydrocarbons with CCl4 catalyzed by complexes of Mn, Mo, V, Fe. Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry. 2013, 49 (11): 1557–1566 [2023-07-08]. doi:10.1134/s1070428013110018. (原始内容存档于2023-07-09).
- ^ Bougueroua, M., Mousli, R., & Tazerouti, A. Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Alanine-Based Surfactants. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents. 2016, 19 (6): 1121–1131 [2023-07-08]. doi:10.1007/s11743-016-1878-8. (原始内容存档于2023-07-08).
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