缩酚酸

缩酚酸（英语：Depside）是一类多酚化合物，由两个或多个酚酸通过酯键形成，存在于许多维管植物中^[1]，如杜鹃花科^[2]、唇形科^[3]、罂粟科^[4]、桃金娘科^[5]等，同时许多地衣中的共生真菌也会产生缩酚酸^[6]^[7]。

例子

二缩酚酸

相同酚酸单元形成的二缩酚酸
化合物	分子式	酚酸单元	CAS号
双水杨酯 Salsalate	C₁₄H₁₀O₅	水杨酸-2-水杨酸酯	552-94-3
二没食子酸 Digallic acid	C₁₄H₁₀O₉	没食子酸-3-没食子酸酯	536-08-3
对双没食子酸	C₁₄H₁₀O₉	没食子酸-4-没食子酸酯	47307-06-2
红粉苔酸 Lecanoric acid	C₁₆H₁₄O₇	苔色酸-4-苔色酸酯	480-56-8
异红粉苔酸 Isolecanoric acid	C₁₆H₁₄O₇	苔色酸-2-苔色酸酯	110064-65-8
绵腹衣酸 Anziaic acid	C₂₄H₃₀O₇	橄榄酸-4-橄榄酸酯	641-68-9

不同酚酸单元形成的二缩酚酸
化合物	分子式	酚酸单元	CAS号
2-原儿茶酰间苯三酚羧酸 2-Protocatechuoyl phloroglucinolcarboxylate	C₁₄H₁₀O₈	间苯三酚羧酸-2-原儿茶酸酯	30048-34-1
扁枝衣二酸 Evernic acid	C₁₇H₁₆O₇	？—苔色酸酯	537-09-7
拉马酸 Ramalic acid	C₁₈H₁₈O₇	？—苔色酸酯	500-37-8
黑茶渍素 Atranorin	C₁₉H₁₈O₈		479-20-9
地弗地衣酸 Diffractaic acid	C₂₀H₂₂O₇		436-32-8
石花酸 Sekikaic acid	C₂₂H₂₆O₈		607-11-4
高石花酸（维基数据所列：Q105300469） Homosekikaic acid	C₂₄H₃₀O₈		486-36-2
Merochlorophaeic acid（英语：Merochlorophaeic acid） Merochlorophaeic acid	C₂₄H₃₀O₈		2879-80-3
珠光酸（维基数据所列：Q83074133） perlatolic acid	C₂₅H₃₂O₇	？—橄榄酸酯	529-47-5

三缩酚酸

三缩酚酸
化合物	分子式	CAS号
三苔色酸 Gyrophoric acid	C₂₄H₂₀O₁₀	548-89-0
石耳酸 Umbilicaric acid	C₂₅H₂₀O₁₀	30666-92-3
海亚丝酸 Hiascic acid	C₂₄H₂₀O₁₁	537-07-5

衍生物

缩酚酸环醚——缩酚酸类化合物通过醚键再连接形成的多环刚性化合物^[1]。

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 刘冰倩，王晶晶，贾妍，等. 松萝属地衣化学成分及生物活性研究进展. 中草药. 2020, 51 (13): 3584–3594. doi:10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.13.029.
^ Ono M, Masuoka C, Koto M, Tateishi M, Komatsu H, Kobayashi H, Igoshi K, Ito Y, Okawa M, Nohara T. Antioxidant ortho-benzoyloxyphenyl acetic acid ester, vaccihein A, from the fruit of rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei). Chem. Pharm. Bull. October 2002, 50 (10): 1416–7. PMID 12372879. doi:10.1248/cpb.50.1416 .
^ Zgórka G, Głowniak K. Variation of free phenolic acids in medicinal plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family. J Pharm Biomed Anal. August 2001, 26 (1): 79–87. PMID 11451645. doi:10.1016/S0731-7085(01)00354-5.
^ Hillenbrand M, Zapp J, Becker H. Depsides from the petals of Papaver rhoeas. Planta Med. April 2004, 70 (4): 380–2. PMID 15095160. doi:10.1055/s-2004-818956.
^ Reynertson KA, Wallace AM, Adachi S, Gil RR, Yang H, Basile MJ, D'Armiento J, Weinstein IB, Kennelly EJ. Bioactive depsides and anthocyanins from jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora). J. Nat. Prod. August 2006, 69 (8): 1228–30. PMID 16933884. doi:10.1021/np0600999.
^ Daniele Armaleo, Yi Zhang, Sonia Cheung. Light might regulate divergently depside and depsidone accumulation in the lichen Parmotrema hypotropum by affecting thallus temperature and water potential. Mycologia. 2008, 100 (4): 565-576. doi:10.3852/07-162R.
^ Nobuo Hamada. The effect of various culture conditions on depside production by an isolated lichen mycobiont. The Bryologist. 1989, 92 (3): 310-313. doi:10.2307/3243399.

[a-1] 1.0 ^1.1 刘冰倩，王晶晶，贾妍，等. 松萝属地衣化学成分及生物活性研究进展. 中草药. 2020, 51 (13): 3584–3594. doi:10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.13.029.

[pmid12372879-2] Ono M, Masuoka C, Koto M, Tateishi M, Komatsu H, Kobayashi H, Igoshi K, Ito Y, Okawa M, Nohara T. Antioxidant ortho-benzoyloxyphenyl acetic acid ester, vaccihein A, from the fruit of rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei). Chem. Pharm. Bull. October 2002, 50 (10): 1416–7. PMID 12372879. doi:10.1248/cpb.50.1416 .

[pmid11451645-3] Zgórka G, Głowniak K. Variation of free phenolic acids in medicinal plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family. J Pharm Biomed Anal. August 2001, 26 (1): 79–87. PMID 11451645. doi:10.1016/S0731-7085(01)00354-5.

[pmid15095160-4] Hillenbrand M, Zapp J, Becker H. Depsides from the petals of Papaver rhoeas. Planta Med. April 2004, 70 (4): 380–2. PMID 15095160. doi:10.1055/s-2004-818956.

[pmid16933884-5] Reynertson KA, Wallace AM, Adachi S, Gil RR, Yang H, Basile MJ, D'Armiento J, Weinstein IB, Kennelly EJ. Bioactive depsides and anthocyanins from jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora). J. Nat. Prod. August 2006, 69 (8): 1228–30. PMID 16933884. doi:10.1021/np0600999.

[6] Daniele Armaleo, Yi Zhang, Sonia Cheung. Light might regulate divergently depside and depsidone accumulation in the lichen Parmotrema hypotropum by affecting thallus temperature and water potential. Mycologia. 2008, 100 (4): 565-576. doi:10.3852/07-162R.

[7] Nobuo Hamada. The effect of various culture conditions on depside production by an isolated lichen mycobiont. The Bryologist. 1989, 92 (3): 310-313. doi:10.2307/3243399.

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