芝加哥式热狗

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芝加哥式热狗
上菜顺序主食
起源地美国
地区芝加哥
上菜温度热食
主要成分纯牛肉肠
罂粟籽面包
黄芥末
切碎的白洋葱
切碎的绿萝卜
腌小尖辣椒
番茄片
莳萝泡菜
芹菜籽盐[1]

芝加哥式热狗（Chicago-style hot dog, Chicago Dog, 或 Chicago Red Hot）是起源于美国芝加哥[2][3]的一种特色热狗，在罂粟籽面包[4]中加入全牛肉热狗香肠[5][6]而成。热狗内的配菜通常加有芥末、碎洋葱、腌酸瓜酱、莳萝泡菜、番茄（切片或块）、腌渍辣椒，芹菜籽调味盐[2][7][8][9][10]。组合起来的热狗堡有各种丰富配料，因此被形容为“拖过花园（dragged through the garden）”。[11][12]烹调方式则常依贩售者的喜好而有不同。大部分都是用蒸或水煮，碳烤则较少见（称为char-dogs）。

正统芝加哥式热狗里不会有番茄酱[2]，很多芝加哥人和热狗爱好者都认为绝对不可以加番茄酱。[13][14][15][15][16]有些芝加哥的热狗摊贩也不会提供番茄酱。[17]

历史[编辑]

芝加哥式香肠上的独特配料有多种由来，位于马克士威街（ Maxwell Street）的Fluky's，据说是1929年“大萧条三明治（热狗）”的创始店。[2][11]现在很常见的维也纳牛肉牌香肠（Vienna Beef）在1893年芝加哥哥伦布纪念博览会首次贩售[18][19][20]，而Fluky's的两位老板都是犹太人，也许是不含猪肉的香肠及符合犹太律法特色的原因。[20]

种类变化[编辑]

维也纳牛肉牌香肠（Vienna Beef）和 Red Hot Chicago这两个芝加哥热狗香肠制造商，是“拖过花园（dragged through the garden）”式热狗的促销推手[21]，但是也不乏例外，摊贩有时候会加小黄瓜片或生菜，[2]不用罂粟籽面包或芹菜籽盐，甚至只加普通酸黄瓜或用无肠衣热狗。[22]几个受欢迎的热狗摊会提供较简单的版本：蒸天然肠衣香肠，只加芥末、洋葱、普通腌黄瓜和辣椒，再包入手切薯条；[2] 历史悠久的“超级热狗（Superdawg）”则会代以腌番茄，以增添清爽口感。Portillo's以及其他店家，贩售一种添加起司酱的芝加哥式热狗，称为乳酪热狗。

做法[编辑]

芝加哥式热狗香肠在添加配料前会先用热水煮或蒸过。[2][8]另一种碳烤的方式则较少见（称为char-dogs）。碳烤热狗很容易辨认，因为这种热狗在烹调前都会像思华力肠一样，两端切开成十字形，煮熟后呈“卷曲的Ｘ形”。[23]有些店家如Ｗieners Circle，[24]就只卖碳烤热狗。

典型的牛肉热狗重1/8 磅或2盎司（57公克），最传统的特色就是用天然肠衣，所以咬下时会有独特的脆口感。[25]

使用高麸质含量的面包，这样才能在蒸气加热时维持形状，通常是用Alpha烘焙公司的S. Rosen's Mary Ann牌面包。[4]

参考[编辑]

  1. ^ Vienna Beef hot dogs. The Periodic Table of Vienna: Chicago Style Hot Dog Condiments. [2009-03-25]. （原始内容存档于2013-03-13）. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Spina, Matthew (May 20, 2016). "A History of the Esteemed Chicago-Style Hot Dog", Thrillist. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
  3. ^ Carruthers, John (March 31, 2015). "Mustard and Dreams: What It Takes to Run a Hot Dog Stand in Chicago", Serious Eats. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Zeldes, Leah A. (2010-07-13). "It takes big buns to hold Chicago hot dogs". Dining Chicago. Chicago's Restaurant & Entertainment Guide, Inc. Retrieved 2010-07-31.
  5. ^ Zeldes, Leah A. (2010-07-07). "Eat this! The Chicago hot dog, born in the Great Depression". Dining Chicago. Chicago's Restaurant & Entertainment Guide, Inc. Retrieved 2010-07-31.
  6. ^ Sweet, Lynn. (2010-06-10). "Chicago hot dogs at the White House". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 2010-08-01. Chicago-style hot dogs are steamed
  7. ^ Leroux, Charles (2005-08-30). "Chicago hot dogs". Chicago Tribune. Tribune Co. Retrieved 2007-04-28.
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Smith, Kathie (2007-05-01). "Chicago's food history". Toledo Blade. Block Communications. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
  9. ^ Fluky's. "How to Make Your own "Chicago Style Hot Dogs"". Archived from the original on May 4, 2007. Retrieved April 28, 2007.
  10. ^ "The Chicago Dog", Hot Dog Chicago Style. Retrieved July 18, 2016.
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Zeldes, Leah A (2002-09-30). "How to Eat Like a Chicagoan". Chicago's Restaurant Guide. Chicago's Restaurant Guide. Archived from the original on 2002-10-01. Retrieved 2002-09-30.
  12. ^ "Chicago-style Hot Dogs and Hot Dog Stands". h2g2. July 19, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2010.
  13. ^ "Recipe Detail: Chicago Style Hot Dog". Archived from the original on 2008-08-15.
  14. ^ Gibson, Kelly; Portia Belloc Lowndes (2008). The Slow Food guide to Chicago: Restaurants, markets, bars. Chelsea Green Publishing. p. 238. ISBN 978-1-931498-61-6. Retrieved February 18, 2010. ...no self-respecting Chicagoan would think of using ketchup as a condiment...
  15. ^ 15.0 15.1 Fodor's Chicago 2010. New York: Fodor's. 2009. p. 189. ISBN 978-1-4000-0860-5. Retrieved February 18, 2010. Make sure to never add ketchup to your Chicago-style hot dog: a major no-no among hot dog aficionados.
  16. ^ Adams, Cecil (August 30, 1991). "Why Is There No Ketchup on a Properly Made Hot Dog?", Chicago Reader. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
  17. ^ Zeldes, Leah A. (2010-07-22). "Do only barbarians put ketchup on hot dogs?". Dining Chicago. Chicago's Restaurant & Entertainment Guide, Inc. Retrieved 2010-07-31.
  18. ^ Zeldes, Leah A. (2006-07-22). "And the wieners are ... ' Frankly speaking, top 10 suburban hot dog stands serve up plenty of good eating". Daily Herald. Paddock Publications. Retrieved 2010-08-01. Some 1,800 hot dog stands serve Chicago and the suburbs, according to Peter Sload, spokesman for Vienna Beef, the sausage maker that supplies about 85 percent of them. That's more than all the McDonald's, Wendy's and Burger King outlets here combined.
  19. ^ Weller, Sam (August 2002) [2000]. "Secret Hot Dogs". Secret Chicago. Photographs by Linda Rutenberg (2nd editition ed.). Toronto: ECW Press. pp. 113–116. ISBN 1-55022-493-X. two young immigrants from Austria-Hungary toted their secret frankfurter recipe to World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. Today, the Vienna all-beef hot dog recipe is served up by 2,000 vendors across the city. In fact, there are more Vienna Beef wiener vendors in the city than there are Burger King, Wendy's, and McDonald's outlets combined.
  20. ^ 20.0 20.1 Zeldes, Leah A. (2010-07-06). "The Chicago-style hot dog: 'A masterpiece'". Dining Chicago. Chicago's Restaurant & Entertainment Guide, Inc. Retrieved 2010-07-31.
  21. ^ Zeldes, Leah A. (June 21, 2011). "Hot dog makers around town". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
  22. ^ Zeldes, Leah A. (June 21, 2011). "Even without trimmings, Chicago-style hot dog in league of its own". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
  23. ^ Meathead (July 1, 2009). "Hot Dog Road Trip: A Patriotic Party Plan". The Huffington Post. Retrieved November 23, 2015.
  24. ^ "Chicago's Wiener's Circle Meets Its Match In Jack McBrayer, Triumph The Insult Comic Dog (Discretion Advised)". Chicagoist. June 15, 2012. Retrieved November 23, 2015.
  25. ^ Zeldes, Leah A. (2010-07-08). "Know your wiener!". Dining Chicago. Chicago's Restaurant & Entertainment Guide, Inc. Retrieved 2010-07-31.
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