猎户座流星雨:修订间差异
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| date = 1839年10月<ref name=jenniskens2006/> |
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| parent = [[哈雷彗星]]<ref name=moore_rees2011/> |
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| constellation = [[獵戶座]](靠近 [[參宿四]]) |
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'''獵戶座流星雨'''是發生在10月至11月初的[[流星雨]],高峰期出現在10月21至22日,每小時約可以觀測到60顆來自[[獵戶座]]靠近[[雙子座]]邊緣輻射點的[[流星]]。 |
'''獵戶座流星雨'''是發生在10月至11月初的[[流星雨]],高峰期出現在10月21至22日,每小時約可以觀測到60顆來自[[獵戶座]]靠近[[雙子座]]邊緣輻射點的[[流星]]。<ref>{{cite web |
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| title = IMO Meteor Shower Calendar 2009 | publisher = The International Meteor Organization |
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| date = 1997–2009 |
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| url = http://www.imo.net/calendar/2009#ori |
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| accessdate = 2009-10-22}} |
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</ref><ref>{{cite web |
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| title = Orionids Meteor Shower Lights Up the Sky |
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| publisher = PhysOrg.com |
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| date = 2003–2009 |
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| url = http://www.physorg.com/news175364339.html |
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| accessdate =2009-10-21 }} |
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</ref>不同於其他的流星雨,獵戶座流星雨在極大期的10月21至22日前後幾天都能夠見到,且來自輻射點的流星每小時大約仍有5至10顆。 |
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==历史== |
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獵戶座流星雨的母彗星是著名的[[哈雷彗星]],與哈雷彗星有關的另一個流星雨是五月初的[[寶瓶座流星雨]]。 |
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在19世纪,流星雨首次被指定为“流星”(shooting stars),并和彗星有关。<ref name="NGN">{{cite web |
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| last = Jaggard |
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| first = Victoria |
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| title = Orionids Meteor Shower Starts This Weekend |
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| work = National Geographic News |
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| publisher = National Geographic Society |
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| date = 1996–2009 |
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| url = http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/10/091016-orionids-meteor-shower-halleys-comet.html |
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| accessdate =2009-10-21 }} |
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</ref>E·C·赫里克在1839年和1840年对10月夜空中流星的活动进行了观察。A·赫歇尔制作了第一个关于流星的记录,并为下一次流星雨准确预报。<ref name="MSO">{{cite web |
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| title = Orionid |
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| work = Observing the Orionids |
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| publisher =Meteor Showers Online |
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| url = http://meteorshowersonline.com/orionids.html |
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| accessdate =2009-10-21 }} |
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</ref> 猎户座流星雨由知名的[[哈雷彗星]],一个以[[天文学家]][[愛德蒙·哈雷]]命名的彗星产生,上次经过[[太阳系]]是在1986年,运转周期大约为75-76年。<ref>{{cite web |
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| last = Phillips |
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| first = Dr. Tony |
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| title = NASA – The 2009 Orionid Meteor Shower |
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| publisher = NASA |
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| date = 2009-10-19 |
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| url = https://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2009/19oct_orionids.htm |
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| accessdate =2009-10-19 }} |
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</ref>当彗星通过太阳系时,太阳升华了其中一些凝固的物质,让岩石颗粒从彗星中脱离出来。这些颗粒继续留在彗星的轨迹上,当它们穿过地球的大气层时,它们就像流星一样出现。<ref name="NGN"/><ref name="Meteor"/>獵戶座流星雨的母彗星是著名的[[哈雷彗星]],與哈雷彗星有關的另一個流星雨是五月初的[[寶瓶座η流星雨]]。<ref name="Meteor"/> |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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== 圖集 == |
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|- |
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! style="width:10%;"| 年份 |
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! style="width:30%;"| 活动日期范围 |
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! style="width:40%;"| 高峰日期 |
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! style="width:20%;"| [[每小時天頂流星數]] |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|1839 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 8–15<ref name="MSO"/> |
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| |
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| |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|1864 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 18–20<ref name="MSO"/> |
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| |
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| |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|1981 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 18–21<ref name="MSO"/> |
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| October 23 |
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| 20 |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|1984 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 21–24<ref name="MSO"/> |
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| October 21–24 |
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| (flat maximum) |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|2006 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 2 — November 7<ref name="MSO"/><ref name="IMO"/> |
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| October 21–24<ref name="IMO">{{cite web |
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| title = October to December 2006 | publisher = The International Meteor Organization – |
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| date = 1997–2007 |
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| url = http://www.imo.net/calendar/2006/fall |
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| accessdate =2009-10-22 }} |
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</ref><ref>{{cite web |
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| last = Stone |
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| first = Wes |
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| title = 2006 Orionid Meteor Shower Surprise! |
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| publisher = Sky tour |
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| url = http://skytour.homestead.com/files/ORI2006.pdf |
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| accessdate =2009-10-22 }} |
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</ref> |
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|23 with peaks at 67 |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|2007 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 20–24<ref name="OldFaithful"/> |
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| October 21 (predicted)<ref name="OldFaithful">{{cite web |
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| last = Handwerk |
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| first = Brian |
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| title = "Old Faithful" Orionid Meteor Shower Peaks This Weekend |
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| publisher=r National Geographic News |
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| date = October 17, 2009 |
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| url = http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/10/071016-orionid-meteor.html |
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| accessdate =2009-10-22 }} |
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</ref> |
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|70<ref name=IMO2007>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130814015652/http://imo.net/live/orionids2007/ Orionids 2007: visual data quicklook]. imo.net</ref> |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|2008 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 15–29<ref name="Meteor"/> |
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| October 20–22 (predicted)<ref name="Meteor">{{cite web |
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| title = Orionids Meteor Shower 2008 of October |
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| publisher = Meteor |
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| date = October 15, 2008 |
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| url = http://www.meteorblog.com/2008/10/meteor-shower-2008-orionids-october/ |
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| accessdate =2009-10-21 }} |
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</ref> |
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|39 |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|2009 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 18–25 <ref name="MSO"/> |
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| October 22<ref name=IMO2009/><ref name="Jaggard">{{cite web |
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| last = Jaggard |
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| first = Victoria |
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| title = 2009 Orionid Meteor Shower Peak Begins |
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| publisher = National Geographic News |
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| date = October 20, 2009 |
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| url = http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/10/091020-2009-orionids-meteor-shower-peak.html |
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| accessdate =2009-10-20 }} |
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</ref><ref name="French">{{cite web |
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| last = French |
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| first = John |
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| title = Abrams Planetarium Night Sky Notes |
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| url = http://www.pa.msu.edu/abrams/nightskynotes/index.php |
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| accessdate = 2009-10-21}} |
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</ref> |
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|45<ref name=IMO2009>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130616030040/http://www.imo.net/news/orionids2009 Orionids 2009]. imo.net</ref> |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|2010 |
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| |
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| October 23 |
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|38 |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|2011 |
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| |
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| October 22 |
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|33 |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|2012 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 2 — November 7 |
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| October 20 and October 23 |
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|43<ref name=IMO2012>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130814061044/http://imo.net/live/orionids2012/ Orionids 2012: visual data quicklook]. imo.net</ref> |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|2013 |
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| |
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| October 22 |
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|~30<ref name="RMOB2013"/> |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|2014 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 2 — November 7 |
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| October 21 |
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|20?<ref name=IMO2014>{{cite web|url=http://www.imo.net/calendar/2014#ori |title=Meteor Shower Calendar | IMO | Page 2014 |publisher=IMO |date=2014-06-20 |accessdate=2017-10-16}}</ref> |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|2015 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 2 — November 7 |
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| October 20–21<ref name=timedate>{{cite web|url=http://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/meteor-shower/orionid.html |title=2017 Orionid Meteor Shower |publisher=Timeanddate.com |date= |accessdate=2017-10-16}}</ref> |
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|N/A |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;"|2016 |
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| style="text-align:center;"|October 2 — November 7 |
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| October 21<ref>{{cite web|url=http://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/everything-you-need-to-know-orionid-meteor-shower |title=Look for Orionid meteors this month | Astronomy Essentials |publisher=EarthSky |date= |accessdate=2017-10-16}}</ref> |
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| ~10–20 |
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|} |
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<nowiki>*</nowiki> 这些流星可能会有双次高峰期,同样的和高原,并持续平面最大值长达数天。<ref name="MSO"/> |
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== 图片集 == |
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<gallery> |
<gallery> |
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File:Orionid meteor.jpg| |
File:Orionid meteor.jpg|一个猎户座流星雨 |
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File:Orionid |
File:Orionid Meteor(1).JPG|A [[鱼眼镜头|fish-eye]] view. |
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File:Two orionids and milky way.jpg|兩顆獵戶座流星雨的流星和[[銀河系|銀河]]。 |
File:Two orionids and milky way.jpg|兩顆獵戶座流星雨的流星和[[銀河系|銀河]]。 |
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File:Multi colored Orionid.jpg|多種顏色的獵戶座流星雨的流星。 |
File:Multi colored Orionid.jpg|多種顏色的獵戶座流星雨的流星。 |
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Image:Orionids and Orion.jpg|猎户座流星雨位于左边。 |
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File:Meteor trail.jpg|最亮的流星,一個火球,留下的煙塵痕基倍高空的風吹離而邊像圖的右手方向。 |
File:Meteor trail.jpg|最亮的流星,一個火球,留下的煙塵痕基倍高空的風吹離而邊像圖的右手方向。 |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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== |
== 参见 == |
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{{Portal box|天文学}} |
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* [[流星雨]] |
* [[流星雨]] |
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* [[流星雨列表]] |
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==参考== |
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{{reflist|refs= |
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<ref name=moore_rees2011>{{citation | first1=Patrick | last1=Moore | first2=Robin | last2=Rees | title=Patrick Moore's Data Book of Astronomy | edition=2nd | publisher=Cambridge University Press | year=2011 | isbn=0-521-89935-4 | page=275 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2FNfjWKBZx8C&pg=PA275 | postscript=. }}</ref> |
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<ref name=mnras416_4_2550>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Kero | first1=J. | last2=Szasz | first2=C. | last3=Nakamura | first3=T. | last4=Meisel | first4=D. D. | last5=Ueda | first5=M. | last6=Fujiwara | first6=Y. | last7=Terasawa | first7=T. | last8=Miyamoto | first8=H. | last9=Nishimura | first9=K. | title=First results from the 2009–2010 MU radar head echo observation programme for sporadic and shower meteors: the Orionids 2009 | journal=[[皇家天文學會月報]] | volume=416 | issue=4 | pages=2550–2559 |date=October 2011 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19146.x | bibcode=2011MNRAS.416.2550K | postscript=. }}</ref> |
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<ref name=jenniskens2006>{{citation | first1=Peter | last1=Jenniskens | title=Meteor Showers And Their Parent Comets | publisher=Cambridge University Press | year=2006 | isbn=0521853494 | page=9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QpajMuyXG8AC&pg=PA9 | postscript=. }}</ref> |
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<ref name=rendtel2008>{{citation | first1=Jürgen | last1=Rendtel | contribution=The Orionid meteor shower observed over 70 years | title=Advances in Meteoroid and Meteor Science | editor1-first=J. M. | editor1-last=Trigo-Rodríguez | editor2-first=F. J. M. | editor2-last=Rietmeijer | editor3-first=Jordi | editor3-last=Llorca | editor4-first=Diego | editor4-last=Janches | publisher=Springer | year=2008 | isbn=0387784187 | pages=106–109 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Y3POvMXDcgC&pg=PA106 | postscript=. }}</ref> |
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<ref name="RMOB2013">{{cite web |
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|title=2013 Orionids Radio results |
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|publisher=RMOB |
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|url=http://www5f.biglobe.ne.jp/~hro/Flash/2013/ORI/index.html |
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|accessdate=2014-08-13}}</ref> |
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}} |
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==外部链接== |
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* [http://www.spacedex.com/ 2016年猎户座流星雨世界各地观看时间] |
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* [http://transientsky.wordpress.com/2012/10/20/orionids-peak-this-weekend/ 本周猎户座流星雨高峰期] |
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* [http://www.imo.net/live/orionids2012/ 2012年猎户座流星雨]([[國際流星組織]]) |
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* [http://www.spaceweather.com/meteors/gallery_21oct09.htm?PHPSESSID=eav7st7koint25lgn6gt1crp40 Spaceweather.com上的2009年猎户座流星雨照片集] |
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* [http://www.realclearwx.com/orionids2009.htm realclearwx.com: 2009年猎户座流星雨照片和视频] |
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* [http://www.constellation-guide.com/orionids/ Constellation Guide上的猎户座流星雨] |
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{{流星雨}} |
{{流星雨}} |
2017年10月20日 (五) 06:06的版本
猎户座流星雨 Orionids(ORI) | |
---|---|
發現日期 | 1839年10月[1] |
母體 | 哈雷彗星[2] |
輻射點 | |
星座 | 獵戶座(靠近 參宿四) |
赤經 | 06h 24m[2] |
赤緯 | +15°[2] |
性質 | |
出現時期 | 10月16日至27日[2] |
峰值日期 | 10月21日[2] |
速度 | 66.9[3] km/s |
每小時天頂流星數 | 一般20–25[4] |
獵戶座流星雨是發生在10月至11月初的流星雨,高峰期出現在10月21至22日,每小時約可以觀測到60顆來自獵戶座靠近雙子座邊緣輻射點的流星。[5][6]不同於其他的流星雨,獵戶座流星雨在極大期的10月21至22日前後幾天都能夠見到,且來自輻射點的流星每小時大約仍有5至10顆。
历史
在19世纪,流星雨首次被指定为“流星”(shooting stars),并和彗星有关。[7]E·C·赫里克在1839年和1840年对10月夜空中流星的活动进行了观察。A·赫歇尔制作了第一个关于流星的记录,并为下一次流星雨准确预报。[8] 猎户座流星雨由知名的哈雷彗星,一个以天文学家愛德蒙·哈雷命名的彗星产生,上次经过太阳系是在1986年,运转周期大约为75-76年。[9]当彗星通过太阳系时,太阳升华了其中一些凝固的物质,让岩石颗粒从彗星中脱离出来。这些颗粒继续留在彗星的轨迹上,当它们穿过地球的大气层时,它们就像流星一样出现。[7][10]獵戶座流星雨的母彗星是著名的哈雷彗星,與哈雷彗星有關的另一個流星雨是五月初的寶瓶座η流星雨。[10]
年份 | 活动日期范围 | 高峰日期 | 每小時天頂流星數 |
---|---|---|---|
1839 | October 8–15[8] | ||
1864 | October 18–20[8] | ||
1981 | October 18–21[8] | October 23 | 20 |
1984 | October 21–24[8] | October 21–24 | (flat maximum) |
2006 | October 2 — November 7[8][11] | October 21–24[11][12] | 23 with peaks at 67 |
2007 | October 20–24[13] | October 21 (predicted)[13] | 70[14] |
2008 | October 15–29[10] | October 20–22 (predicted)[10] | 39 |
2009 | October 18–25 [8] | October 22[15][16][17] | 45[15] |
2010 | October 23 | 38 | |
2011 | October 22 | 33 | |
2012 | October 2 — November 7 | October 20 and October 23 | 43[18] |
2013 | October 22 | ~30[19] | |
2014 | October 2 — November 7 | October 21 | 20?[20] |
2015 | October 2 — November 7 | October 20–21[21] | N/A |
2016 | October 2 — November 7 | October 21[22] | ~10–20 |
* 这些流星可能会有双次高峰期,同样的和高原,并持续平面最大值长达数天。[8]
图片集
-
一个猎户座流星雨
-
A fish-eye view.
-
兩顆獵戶座流星雨的流星和銀河。
-
多種顏色的獵戶座流星雨的流星。
-
猎户座流星雨位于左边。
-
最亮的流星,一個火球,留下的煙塵痕基倍高空的風吹離而邊像圖的右手方向。
参见
参考
- ^ Jenniskens, Peter, Meteor Showers And Their Parent Comets, Cambridge University Press: 9, 2006, ISBN 0521853494.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Moore, Patrick; Rees, Robin, Patrick Moore's Data Book of Astronomy 2nd, Cambridge University Press: 275, 2011, ISBN 0-521-89935-4.
- ^ Kero, J.; et al, First results from the 2009–2010 MU radar head echo observation programme for sporadic and shower meteors: the Orionids 2009, 皇家天文學會月報, October 2011, 416 (4): 2550–2559, Bibcode:2011MNRAS.416.2550K, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19146.x.
- ^ Rendtel, Jürgen, The Orionid meteor shower observed over 70 years, Trigo-Rodríguez, J. M.; Rietmeijer, F. J. M.; Llorca, Jordi; Janches, Diego (编), Advances in Meteoroid and Meteor Science, Springer: 106–109, 2008, ISBN 0387784187.
- ^ IMO Meteor Shower Calendar 2009. The International Meteor Organization. 1997–2009 [2009-10-22].
- ^ Orionids Meteor Shower Lights Up the Sky. PhysOrg.com. 2003–2009 [2009-10-21].
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Jaggard, Victoria. Orionids Meteor Shower Starts This Weekend. National Geographic News. National Geographic Society. 1996–2009 [2009-10-21].
- ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 Orionid. Observing the Orionids. Meteor Showers Online. [2009-10-21].
- ^ Phillips, Dr. Tony. NASA – The 2009 Orionid Meteor Shower. NASA. 2009-10-19 [2009-10-19].
- ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Orionids Meteor Shower 2008 of October. Meteor. October 15, 2008 [2009-10-21].
- ^ 11.0 11.1 October to December 2006. The International Meteor Organization –. 1997–2007 [2009-10-22].
- ^ Stone, Wes. 2006 Orionid Meteor Shower Surprise! (PDF). Sky tour. [2009-10-22].
- ^ 13.0 13.1 Handwerk, Brian. "Old Faithful" Orionid Meteor Shower Peaks This Weekend. r National Geographic News. October 17, 2009 [2009-10-22].
- ^ Orionids 2007: visual data quicklook. imo.net
- ^ 15.0 15.1 Orionids 2009. imo.net
- ^ Jaggard, Victoria. 2009 Orionid Meteor Shower Peak Begins. National Geographic News. October 20, 2009 [2009-10-20].
- ^ French, John. Abrams Planetarium Night Sky Notes. [2009-10-21].
- ^ Orionids 2012: visual data quicklook. imo.net
- ^ 2013 Orionids Radio results. RMOB. [2014-08-13].
- ^ Meteor Shower Calendar | IMO | Page 2014. IMO. 2014-06-20 [2017-10-16].
- ^ 2017 Orionid Meteor Shower. Timeanddate.com. [2017-10-16].
- ^ Look for Orionid meteors this month | Astronomy Essentials. EarthSky. [2017-10-16].
外部链接
- 2016年猎户座流星雨世界各地观看时间
- 本周猎户座流星雨高峰期
- 2012年猎户座流星雨(國際流星組織)
- Spaceweather.com上的2009年猎户座流星雨照片集
- realclearwx.com: 2009年猎户座流星雨照片和视频
- Constellation Guide上的猎户座流星雨
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