猎户座流星雨:修订间差异

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| pronounce =
| pronounce =
| date = 1839年10月<ref name=jenniskens2006/>
| date = 1839年10月<ref name=jenniskens2006/>
| parent = [[1P/Halley]]<ref name=moore_rees2011/>
| parent = [[哈雷彗星]]<ref name=moore_rees2011/>
<!-- Radiant -->
<!-- Radiant -->
| constellation = [[Orion (constellation)|Orion]](near [[Betelgeuse]])
| constellation = [[獵戶座]](靠近 [[參宿四]])
| ra = {{RA|06|24}}<ref name=moore_rees2011/>
| ra = {{RA|06|24}}<ref name=moore_rees2011/>
| dec = {{DEC|+15}}<ref name=moore_rees2011/>
| dec = {{DEC|+15}}<ref name=moore_rees2011/>
第18行: 第18行:
}}
}}


'''獵戶座流星雨'''是發生在10月至11月初的[[流星雨]],高峰期出現在10月21至22日,每小時約可以觀測到60顆來自[[獵戶座]]靠近[[雙子座]]邊緣輻射點的[[流星]]。不同於其他的流星雨,獵戶座流星雨在極大期的10月21至22日前後幾天都能夠見到,且來自輻射點的流星每小時大約仍有5至10顆。
'''獵戶座流星雨'''是發生在10月至11月初的[[流星雨]],高峰期出現在10月21至22日,每小時約可以觀測到60顆來自[[獵戶座]]靠近[[雙子座]]邊緣輻射點的[[流星]]。<ref>{{cite web
| title = IMO Meteor Shower Calendar 2009 | publisher = The International Meteor Organization
| date = 1997–2009
| url = http://www.imo.net/calendar/2009#ori
| accessdate = 2009-10-22}}
</ref><ref>{{cite web
| title = Orionids Meteor Shower Lights Up the Sky
| publisher = PhysOrg.com
| date = 2003–2009
| url = http://www.physorg.com/news175364339.html
| accessdate =2009-10-21 }}
</ref>不同於其他的流星雨,獵戶座流星雨在極大期的10月21至22日前後幾天都能夠見到,且來自輻射點的流星每小時大約仍有5至10顆。


==历史==
獵戶座流星雨的母彗星是著名的[[哈雷彗星]],與哈雷彗星有關的另一個流星雨是五月初的[[寶瓶座流星雨]]。
在19世纪,流星雨首次被指定为“流星”(shooting stars),并和彗星有关。<ref name="NGN">{{cite web
| last = Jaggard
| first = Victoria
| title = Orionids Meteor Shower Starts This Weekend
| work = National Geographic News
| publisher = National Geographic Society
| date = 1996–2009
| url = http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/10/091016-orionids-meteor-shower-halleys-comet.html
| accessdate =2009-10-21 }}
</ref>E·C·赫里克在1839年和1840年对10月夜空中流星的活动进行了观察。A·赫歇尔制作了第一个关于流星的记录,并为下一次流星雨准确预报。<ref name="MSO">{{cite web
| title = Orionid
| work = Observing the Orionids
| publisher =Meteor Showers Online
| url = http://meteorshowersonline.com/orionids.html
| accessdate =2009-10-21 }}
</ref> 猎户座流星雨由知名的[[哈雷彗星]],一个以[[天文学家]][[愛德蒙·哈雷]]命名的彗星产生,上次经过[[太阳系]]是在1986年,运转周期大约为75-76年。<ref>{{cite web
| last = Phillips
| first = Dr. Tony
| title = NASA – The 2009 Orionid Meteor Shower
| publisher = NASA
| date = 2009-10-19
| url = https://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2009/19oct_orionids.htm
| accessdate =2009-10-19 }}
</ref>当彗星通过太阳系时,太阳升华了其中一些凝固的物质,让岩石颗粒从彗星中脱离出来。这些颗粒继续留在彗星的轨迹上,当它们穿过地球的大气层时,它们就像流星一样出现。<ref name="NGN"/><ref name="Meteor"/>獵戶座流星雨的母彗星是著名的[[哈雷彗星]],與哈雷彗星有關的另一個流星雨是五月初的[[寶瓶座η流星雨]]。<ref name="Meteor"/>


{| class="wikitable"
== 圖集 ==
|-
! style="width:10%;"| 年份
! style="width:30%;"| 活动日期范围
! style="width:40%;"| 高峰日期
! style="width:20%;"| [[每小時天頂流星數]]
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1839
| style="text-align:center;"|October 8–15<ref name="MSO"/>
|
|
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1864
| style="text-align:center;"|October 18–20<ref name="MSO"/>
|
|
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1981
| style="text-align:center;"|October 18–21<ref name="MSO"/>
| October 23
| 20
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1984
| style="text-align:center;"|October 21–24<ref name="MSO"/>
| October 21–24
| (flat maximum)
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2006
| style="text-align:center;"|October 2 — November 7<ref name="MSO"/><ref name="IMO"/>
| October 21–24<ref name="IMO">{{cite web
| title = October to December 2006 | publisher = The International Meteor Organization –
| date = 1997–2007
| url = http://www.imo.net/calendar/2006/fall
| accessdate =2009-10-22 }}
</ref><ref>{{cite web
| last = Stone
| first = Wes
| title = 2006 Orionid Meteor Shower Surprise!
| publisher = Sky tour
| url = http://skytour.homestead.com/files/ORI2006.pdf
| accessdate =2009-10-22 }}
</ref>
|23 with peaks at 67
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2007
| style="text-align:center;"|October 20–24<ref name="OldFaithful"/>
| October 21 (predicted)<ref name="OldFaithful">{{cite web
| last = Handwerk
| first = Brian
| title = "Old Faithful" Orionid Meteor Shower Peaks This Weekend
| publisher=r National Geographic News
| date = October 17, 2009
| url = http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/10/071016-orionid-meteor.html
| accessdate =2009-10-22 }}
</ref>
|70<ref name=IMO2007>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130814015652/http://imo.net/live/orionids2007/ Orionids 2007: visual data quicklook]. imo.net</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2008
| style="text-align:center;"|October 15–29<ref name="Meteor"/>
| October 20–22 (predicted)<ref name="Meteor">{{cite web
| title = Orionids Meteor Shower 2008 of October
| publisher = Meteor
| date = October 15, 2008
| url = http://www.meteorblog.com/2008/10/meteor-shower-2008-orionids-october/
| accessdate =2009-10-21 }}
</ref>
|39
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2009
| style="text-align:center;"|October 18–25 <ref name="MSO"/>
| October 22<ref name=IMO2009/><ref name="Jaggard">{{cite web
| last = Jaggard
| first = Victoria
| title = 2009 Orionid Meteor Shower Peak Begins
| publisher = National Geographic News
| date = October 20, 2009
| url = http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/10/091020-2009-orionids-meteor-shower-peak.html
| accessdate =2009-10-20 }}
</ref><ref name="French">{{cite web
| last = French
| first = John
| title = Abrams Planetarium Night Sky Notes
| url = http://www.pa.msu.edu/abrams/nightskynotes/index.php
| accessdate = 2009-10-21}}
</ref>
|45<ref name=IMO2009>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130616030040/http://www.imo.net/news/orionids2009 Orionids 2009]. imo.net</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2010
|
| October 23
|38
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2011
|
| October 22
|33
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2012
| style="text-align:center;"|October 2 — November 7
| October 20 and October 23
|43<ref name=IMO2012>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130814061044/http://imo.net/live/orionids2012/ Orionids 2012: visual data quicklook]. imo.net</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2013
|
| October 22
|~30<ref name="RMOB2013"/>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2014
| style="text-align:center;"|October 2 — November 7
| October 21
|20?<ref name=IMO2014>{{cite web|url=http://www.imo.net/calendar/2014#ori |title=Meteor Shower Calendar &#124; IMO &#124; Page 2014 |publisher=IMO |date=2014-06-20 |accessdate=2017-10-16}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2015
| style="text-align:center;"|October 2 — November 7
| October 20–21<ref name=timedate>{{cite web|url=http://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/meteor-shower/orionid.html |title=2017 Orionid Meteor Shower |publisher=Timeanddate.com |date= |accessdate=2017-10-16}}</ref>
|N/A
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2016
| style="text-align:center;"|October 2 — November 7
| October 21<ref>{{cite web|url=http://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/everything-you-need-to-know-orionid-meteor-shower |title=Look for Orionid meteors this month &#124; Astronomy Essentials |publisher=EarthSky |date= |accessdate=2017-10-16}}</ref>
| ~10–20
|}

<nowiki>*</nowiki> 这些流星可能会有双次高峰期,同样的和高原,并持续平面最大值长达数天。<ref name="MSO"/>

== 图片集 ==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Orionid meteor.jpg|Orionid
File:Orionid meteor.jpg|一个猎户座流星雨
File:Orionid Meteor1.JPG
File:Orionid Meteor(1).JPG|A [[鱼眼镜头|fish-eye]] view.
File:Two orionids and milky way.jpg|兩顆獵戶座流星雨的流星和[[銀河系|銀河]]。
File:Two orionids and milky way.jpg|兩顆獵戶座流星雨的流星和[[銀河系|銀河]]。
File:Multi colored Orionid.jpg|多種顏色的獵戶座流星雨的流星。
File:Multi colored Orionid.jpg|多種顏色的獵戶座流星雨的流星。
File:Orionids and Orion.jpg
Image:Orionids and Orion.jpg|猎户座流星雨位于左边。
File:Meteor trail.jpg|最亮的流星,一個火球,留下的煙塵痕基倍高空的風吹離而邊像圖的右手方向。
File:Meteor trail.jpg|最亮的流星,一個火球,留下的煙塵痕基倍高空的風吹離而邊像圖的右手方向。
</gallery>
</gallery>


== 相關條目 ==
== 参见 ==
{{Portal box|天文学}}
* [[流星雨]]
* [[流星雨]]
* [[流星雨列表]]

==参考==
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name=moore_rees2011>{{citation | first1=Patrick | last1=Moore | first2=Robin | last2=Rees | title=Patrick Moore's Data Book of Astronomy | edition=2nd | publisher=Cambridge University Press | year=2011 | isbn=0-521-89935-4 | page=275 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2FNfjWKBZx8C&pg=PA275 | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=mnras416_4_2550>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Kero | first1=J. | last2=Szasz | first2=C. | last3=Nakamura | first3=T. | last4=Meisel | first4=D. D. | last5=Ueda | first5=M. | last6=Fujiwara | first6=Y. | last7=Terasawa | first7=T. | last8=Miyamoto | first8=H. | last9=Nishimura | first9=K. | title=First results from the 2009–2010 MU radar head echo observation programme for sporadic and shower meteors: the Orionids 2009 | journal=[[皇家天文學會月報]] | volume=416 | issue=4 | pages=2550–2559 |date=October 2011 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19146.x | bibcode=2011MNRAS.416.2550K | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=jenniskens2006>{{citation | first1=Peter | last1=Jenniskens | title=Meteor Showers And Their Parent Comets | publisher=Cambridge University Press | year=2006 | isbn=0521853494 | page=9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QpajMuyXG8AC&pg=PA9 | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=rendtel2008>{{citation | first1=Jürgen | last1=Rendtel | contribution=The Orionid meteor shower observed over 70 years | title=Advances in Meteoroid and Meteor Science | editor1-first=J. M. | editor1-last=Trigo-Rodríguez | editor2-first=F. J. M. | editor2-last=Rietmeijer | editor3-first=Jordi | editor3-last=Llorca | editor4-first=Diego | editor4-last=Janches | publisher=Springer | year=2008 | isbn=0387784187 | pages=106–109 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Y3POvMXDcgC&pg=PA106 | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name="RMOB2013">{{cite web
|title=2013 Orionids Radio results
|publisher=RMOB
|url=http://www5f.biglobe.ne.jp/~hro/Flash/2013/ORI/index.html
|accessdate=2014-08-13}}</ref>

}}

==外部链接==
* [http://www.spacedex.com/ 2016年猎户座流星雨世界各地观看时间]
* [http://transientsky.wordpress.com/2012/10/20/orionids-peak-this-weekend/ 本周猎户座流星雨高峰期]
* [http://www.imo.net/live/orionids2012/ 2012年猎户座流星雨]([[國際流星組織]])
* [http://www.spaceweather.com/meteors/gallery_21oct09.htm?PHPSESSID=eav7st7koint25lgn6gt1crp40 Spaceweather.com上的2009年猎户座流星雨照片集]
* [http://www.realclearwx.com/orionids2009.htm realclearwx.com: 2009年猎户座流星雨照片和视频]
* [http://www.constellation-guide.com/orionids/ Constellation Guide上的猎户座流星雨]


{{流星雨}}
{{流星雨}}

2017年10月20日 (五) 06:06的版本

猎户座流星雨
Orionids(ORI)
一顆綠色和紅色的獵戶座流星雨的流星在空中明顯的掠過了銀河。在右方是金星,圖片中也能看見黃道光
發現日期1839年10月[1]
母體哈雷彗星[2]
輻射點
星座獵戶座(靠近 參宿四
赤經06h 24m[2]
赤緯+15°[2]
性質
出現時期10月16日至27日[2]
峰值日期10月21日[2]
速度66.9[3] km/s
每小時天頂流星數一般20–25[4]
相關條目:流星雨列表

獵戶座流星雨是發生在10月至11月初的流星雨,高峰期出現在10月21至22日,每小時約可以觀測到60顆來自獵戶座靠近雙子座邊緣輻射點的流星[5][6]不同於其他的流星雨,獵戶座流星雨在極大期的10月21至22日前後幾天都能夠見到,且來自輻射點的流星每小時大約仍有5至10顆。

历史

在19世纪,流星雨首次被指定为“流星”(shooting stars),并和彗星有关。[7]E·C·赫里克在1839年和1840年对10月夜空中流星的活动进行了观察。A·赫歇尔制作了第一个关于流星的记录,并为下一次流星雨准确预报。[8] 猎户座流星雨由知名的哈雷彗星,一个以天文学家愛德蒙·哈雷命名的彗星产生,上次经过太阳系是在1986年,运转周期大约为75-76年。[9]当彗星通过太阳系时,太阳升华了其中一些凝固的物质,让岩石颗粒从彗星中脱离出来。这些颗粒继续留在彗星的轨迹上,当它们穿过地球的大气层时,它们就像流星一样出现。[7][10]獵戶座流星雨的母彗星是著名的哈雷彗星,與哈雷彗星有關的另一個流星雨是五月初的寶瓶座η流星雨[10]

年份 活动日期范围 高峰日期 每小時天頂流星數
1839 October 8–15[8]
1864 October 18–20[8]
1981 October 18–21[8] October 23 20
1984 October 21–24[8] October 21–24 (flat maximum)
2006 October 2 — November 7[8][11] October 21–24[11][12] 23 with peaks at 67
2007 October 20–24[13] October 21 (predicted)[13] 70[14]
2008 October 15–29[10] October 20–22 (predicted)[10] 39
2009 October 18–25 [8] October 22[15][16][17] 45[15]
2010 October 23 38
2011 October 22 33
2012 October 2 — November 7 October 20 and October 23 43[18]
2013 October 22 ~30[19]
2014 October 2 — November 7 October 21 20?[20]
2015 October 2 — November 7 October 20–21[21] N/A
2016 October 2 — November 7 October 21[22] ~10–20

* 这些流星可能会有双次高峰期,同样的和高原,并持续平面最大值长达数天。[8]

图片集

参见

参考

  1. ^ Jenniskens, Peter, Meteor Showers And Their Parent Comets, Cambridge University Press: 9, 2006, ISBN 0521853494. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Moore, Patrick; Rees, Robin, Patrick Moore's Data Book of Astronomy 2nd, Cambridge University Press: 275, 2011, ISBN 0-521-89935-4. 
  3. ^ Kero, J.; et al, First results from the 2009–2010 MU radar head echo observation programme for sporadic and shower meteors: the Orionids 2009, 皇家天文學會月報, October 2011, 416 (4): 2550–2559, Bibcode:2011MNRAS.416.2550K, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19146.x. 
  4. ^ Rendtel, Jürgen, The Orionid meteor shower observed over 70 years, Trigo-Rodríguez, J. M.; Rietmeijer, F. J. M.; Llorca, Jordi; Janches, Diego (编), Advances in Meteoroid and Meteor Science, Springer: 106–109, 2008, ISBN 0387784187. 
  5. ^ IMO Meteor Shower Calendar 2009. The International Meteor Organization. 1997–2009 [2009-10-22]. 
  6. ^ Orionids Meteor Shower Lights Up the Sky. PhysOrg.com. 2003–2009 [2009-10-21]. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Jaggard, Victoria. Orionids Meteor Shower Starts This Weekend. National Geographic News. National Geographic Society. 1996–2009 [2009-10-21]. 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 Orionid. Observing the Orionids. Meteor Showers Online. [2009-10-21]. 
  9. ^ Phillips, Dr. Tony. NASA – The 2009 Orionid Meteor Shower. NASA. 2009-10-19 [2009-10-19]. 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Orionids Meteor Shower 2008 of October. Meteor. October 15, 2008 [2009-10-21]. 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 October to December 2006. The International Meteor Organization –. 1997–2007 [2009-10-22]. 
  12. ^ Stone, Wes. 2006 Orionid Meteor Shower Surprise! (PDF). Sky tour. [2009-10-22]. 
  13. ^ 13.0 13.1 Handwerk, Brian. "Old Faithful" Orionid Meteor Shower Peaks This Weekend. r National Geographic News. October 17, 2009 [2009-10-22]. 
  14. ^ Orionids 2007: visual data quicklook. imo.net
  15. ^ 15.0 15.1 Orionids 2009. imo.net
  16. ^ Jaggard, Victoria. 2009 Orionid Meteor Shower Peak Begins. National Geographic News. October 20, 2009 [2009-10-20]. 
  17. ^ French, John. Abrams Planetarium Night Sky Notes. [2009-10-21]. 
  18. ^ Orionids 2012: visual data quicklook. imo.net
  19. ^ 2013 Orionids Radio results. RMOB. [2014-08-13]. 
  20. ^ Meteor Shower Calendar | IMO | Page 2014. IMO. 2014-06-20 [2017-10-16]. 
  21. ^ 2017 Orionid Meteor Shower. Timeanddate.com. [2017-10-16]. 
  22. ^ Look for Orionid meteors this month | Astronomy Essentials. EarthSky. [2017-10-16]. 

外部链接