米索前列醇：修订间差异

**米索前列醇**
臨床資料
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）	Cytotec, Misodel, other
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a689009
懷孕分級	澳: X (高风险) ; ;
给药途径	By mouth, vaginal, under the tongue
ATC碼	A02BB01 (WHO) G02AD06;
法律規範狀態
法律規範	澳：限医生处方（S4）; 加：处方药（℞-only）; 英：处方药（℞-only） (POM); 美：处方药（℞-only）;
藥物動力學數據
生物利用度	extensively absorbed
血漿蛋白結合率	80-90% (active metabolite, misoprostol acid)
药物代谢	Liver (extensive to misoprostic acid)
生物半衰期	20–40 minutes
排泄途徑	Urine (80%)
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 Methyl 7-((1R,2R,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-((S,E)-4-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-enyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl)heptanoate; ;
CAS号	59122-46-2
PubChem CID	5282381;
IUPHAR/BPS	1936;
DrugBank	DB00929 ;
ChemSpider	4445541 ;
UNII	0E43V0BB57;
KEGG	D00419 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL606 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID7020897 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.190.521
化学信息
化学式	C22H38O5
摩尔质量	382.534 g/mol
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像;
	SMILES O=C1C[C@@H](O)[C@H](/C=C/CC(O)(C)CCCC)[C@H]1CCCCCCC(=O)OC;
	InChI InChI=1S/C22H38O5/c1-4-5-14-22(2,26)15-10-12-18-17(19(23)16-20(18)24)11-8-6-7-9-13-21(25)27-3/h10,12,17-18,20,24,26H,4-9,11,13-16H2,1-3H3/b12-10+/t17-,18-,20-,22?/m1/s1 ; Key:OJLOPKGSLYJEMD-URPKTTJQSA-N ;

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2018年2月2日 (五) 04:48的版本

米索前列醇，商品名為Cytotec，是一種人工合成的PGE1藥物。^[1]用於加速分娩、流產、預防或治療胃潰瘍、治療因為子宮收縮不足所造成的產後出血。^[1] 如果用於流產，常常會搭配美服培酮(mifepristone)或是氨甲蝶呤(methotrexate)使用。^[2] 單獨使用米索前列醇的成功率介於66%到90%之間。^[3] 可經由口服、舌下或是直接放置在子宮的方式給予。^[2]^[4]

常見的副作用包括腹痛與腹瀉。目前對於孕婦服用此藥物，會對胎兒造成甚麼影響，還不甚清楚。使用此藥物，會造成子宮收縮，可能造成子宮破裂。

米索前列醇於1973年開發完成。^[5] 米索前列醇是世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單的其中之一，意即在基本醫療衛生制度裡非常需要、也相當重要的一項藥物。^[6] 目前已有學名藥上市。^[1] 每劑藥物批發價介於0.36美金到2美金。^[7] 在美國使用米索前列醇用於治療胃潰瘍，每個月需要花費100到200美金。^[8]

References

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Misoprostol. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [Feb 20, 2015].
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Kulier, R; Kapp, N; Gülmezoglu, AM; Hofmeyr, GJ; Cheng, L; Campana, A. Medical methods for first trimester abortion.. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 9 November 2011, (11): CD002855. PMID 22071804.
^ Bryant, AG; Regan, E; Stuart, G. An overview of medical abortion for clinical practice.. Obstetrical & gynecological survey. January 2014, 69 (1): 39–45. PMID 25102250.
^ Marret, H; Simon, E; Beucher, G; Dreyfus, M; Gaudineau, A; Vayssière, C; Lesavre, M; Pluchon, M; Winer, N; Fernandez, H; Aubert, J; Bejan-Angoulvant, T; Jonville-Bera, AP; Clouqueur, E; Houfflin-Debarge, V; Garrigue, A; Pierre, F; Collège national des gynécologues obstétriciens, français. Overview and expert assessment of off-label use of misoprostol in obstetrics and gynaecology: review and report by the Collège national des gynécologues obstétriciens français.. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology. April 2015, 187: 80–4. PMID 25701235.
^ Paul, Maureen. Misoprostol. Management of Unintended and Abnormal Pregnancy: Comprehensive Abortion Care. John Wiley & Sons. 2011. ISBN 9781444358476.
^ WHO Model List of EssentialMedicines (PDF). World Health Organization. October 2013 [22 April 2014].
^ Misoprostol. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [20 December 2015].
^ Hamilton, Richart. Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2015: 271. ISBN 9781284057560.

[AHFS2015-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Misoprostol. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [Feb 20, 2015].

[Kap2011-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Kulier, R; Kapp, N; Gülmezoglu, AM; Hofmeyr, GJ; Cheng, L; Campana, A. Medical methods for first trimester abortion.. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 9 November 2011, (11): CD002855. PMID 22071804.

[3] Bryant, AG; Regan, E; Stuart, G. An overview of medical abortion for clinical practice.. Obstetrical & gynecological survey. January 2014, 69 (1): 39–45. PMID 25102250.

[4] Marret, H; Simon, E; Beucher, G; Dreyfus, M; Gaudineau, A; Vayssière, C; Lesavre, M; Pluchon, M; Winer, N; Fernandez, H; Aubert, J; Bejan-Angoulvant, T; Jonville-Bera, AP; Clouqueur, E; Houfflin-Debarge, V; Garrigue, A; Pierre, F; Collège national des gynécologues obstétriciens, français. Overview and expert assessment of off-label use of misoprostol in obstetrics and gynaecology: review and report by the Collège national des gynécologues obstétriciens français.. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology. April 2015, 187: 80–4. PMID 25701235.

[5] Paul, Maureen. Misoprostol. Management of Unintended and Abnormal Pregnancy: Comprehensive Abortion Care. John Wiley & Sons. 2011. ISBN 9781444358476.

[6] WHO Model List of EssentialMedicines (PDF). World Health Organization. October 2013 [22 April 2014].

[7] Misoprostol. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [20 December 2015].

[Ric2015-8] Hamilton, Richart. Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2015: 271. ISBN 9781284057560.

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