元启发算法

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元啟發算法（英文：metaheuristic）, 又稱 萬能啟發式演算法、萬用啟發式演算法。在计算机科学和数学优化中，元启发是一种高级的程序或启发式算法，专门用于搜索、生成或选取一个启发式结果（局部搜索算法），该结果可以为一个最优化问题提供足够好的求解，尤其适用于信息不完备或者计算能力受限时的最优化问题。

特色[编辑]

元啟發算法(metaheuristic)，meta 代表其比一般啟發式演算法在搜尋能力上更為高階。而 heuristic 則代表其算法能夠在一個合理的計算成本內找到一個接近真實最佳解的解，但啟發式演算法並不能夠保證其解的可行性與最佳性。[1] 式通常是使用大量的試誤以在龐大的解空間中搜尋最佳解。

元啟發算法皆在全域搜索與區域搜索中取得權衡，若算法著重區域搜索能力則容易落入區域最佳解陷阱，若著重全域搜索則可能無法收斂解。

演算法[编辑]

仿生元啟發式演算法[编辑]

該類型演算法以生物的習性或群體生物行為作為靈感加以發展成為演算法。

參考文獻[编辑]

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  23. ^ Duman, Ekrem; Uysal, Mitat; Alkaya, Ali Fuat. Migrating Birds Optimization: A new metaheuristic approach and its performance on quadratic assignment problem. Information Sciences. 2012-12-25, 217: 65–77 [2021-03-22]. ISSN 0020-0255. doi:10.1016/j.ins.2012.06.032. （原始内容存档于2012-12-19） （英语）. 
基础领域与方法
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