葉蜂科
葉蜂科
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| 一種葉蜂（Tenthredopsis sordida）的雌蟲 | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 動物界 Animalia |
| 門： | 節肢動物門 Arthropoda |
| 綱： | 昆蟲綱 Insecta |
| 目： | 膜翅目 Hymenoptera |
| 亞目： | 廣腰亞目 Symphyta |
| 總科： | 葉蜂總科 Tenthredinoidea |
| 科： | 葉蜂科 Tenthredinidae |
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見正文 | |
| 異名 | |
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葉蜂科（學名：Tenthredinidae）為膜翅目葉蜂總科的一個科，是葉蜂總科乃至整個廣腰亞目下最大的一科，包含約7500個已知的物種，佔整個廣腰亞目的大多數。本科的模式屬為葉蜂屬（Tenthredella）。
本科昆蟲的幼蟲貌似毛蟲，通常為植食性，以樹木和灌木的葉片為食，大量發生時可能對植株造成危害。成蟲則大多採食花蜜和花粉。雌蟲會使用其鋸狀的產卵器將植物組織切出一隙縫，並產下半透明的卵嵌入其中。
下級分類[編輯]
本科包括以下屬：[1]
- Abeleses Enslin, 1911
- Absentia
- Abusarbia Malaise, 1944
- Acrogymnidia Malaise, 1955
- Adamas Malaise, 1945
- Adelesta Ross, 1937
- Adelomos Ross, 1935
- Adiaclema Enderlein, 1920
- Aethiocampa Pasteels, 1949
- Afusa Malaise, 1964
- Aglaostigma Kirby, 1882
- Allabia Semenov & Gussakorskii, 1937
- Allanempria Wei, 1998
- Allantus Jurine, 1807
- Allantus Panzer, 1801
- Alphastromboceros Kuznetzov-Ugamskij, 1928
- Alphostromboceros Kuznetzov-Ugamskibi, 1928
- Alpinematus Lacourt, 1996
- Amalachiella Saini & Deep, 1993
- Amauronematus Konow, 1890
- Ametastegia Costa, 1882
- Anafenusa Benson, 1959
- Anatoliroa Muche, 1983
- Andeana Malaise, 1942
- Aneugmenus Hartig, 1837
- Anheterarthrus Wei, Nie & Taeger, 2006
- Anisoneura Cameron, 1876
- Anisotaxonus Saini & Vasu, 1998
- 落葉松葉蜂屬 Anoplonyx Marlatt, 1896
- Antholcus Konow, 1904
- Apareophora Sato, 1928
- Apethymorpha Wei Meicai, 1997
- 歐櫟葉蜂屬 Apethymus Benson, 1939
- Aphilodyctium Ashmead, 1898
- Aphymatocera Sato, 1928
- 二點葉蜂屬 Ardis Konow, 1886
- Armenocampus Zinovjev, 2000
- Armitarsus Malaise, 1931
- Asiemphytus Malaise, 1948
- Asymmia Malaise, 1955
- Athalia Leach, 1817
- Athlophorus Burmeister, 1847
- Bacconematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988
- Barilochia Malaise, 1955
- Bavonia Pesarini, 2004
- Beleses Cameron, 1877
- Belesidea Rohwer, 1916
- Bergiana Konow, 1899
- Bicrista Pasteels, 1949
- Bidigitus Smith, 1967
- Birka Malaise, 1944
- Birmella Malaise, 1964
- Blennallantus Wei, 1998
- 蓼葉蜂屬 Blennocampa Hartig, 1837
- Blennogeneris MacGillivray, 1923
- Bolivius Malaise, 1942
- Borgenia Togashi, 2009
- Brachycoluma Strand, 1929
- Brachycolus Konow, 1895
- Brachythops Curtis, 1839
- Brachythops Haliday, 1839
- Busarbia Cameron, 1899
- Busarbidea Rohwer, 1915
- Caiina Wei, 2004
- Caliroa Costa, 1859
- Camponiscus Newman, 1869
- Casipteryx Taeger, 1991
- 蛀柄葉蜂屬 Caulocampus Rohwer, 1912
- Cephaledo Zhelochovstev, 1988
- Ceratulus Macgillivray, 1908
- Cheilophleps Benson, 1938
- Chevinia Lacourt, 2003
- Cladardis Benson, 1952
- Cladiucha Konow, 1902
- Cladius Illiger, 1807
- Claremontia Rohwer, 1909
- Codistega Pasteels, 1949
- Colochela Malaise, 1937
- Conaspidia Konow, 1898
- Conobeleses Wei, 1997
- Conocoxa Rohwer, 1911
- Corymbas Konow, 1903
- Craesus Leach, 1817
- Craterocercus Rohwer, 1911
- Croesus Curtis, 1824
- Cytisogaster Lacourt, 1997
- Darjilingia Malaise, 1934
- Dasmithius Xiao Gangrou, 1987
- Davida Saini & Vasu, 1996
- Deda Gibson, 1980
- Dimorphopteryx Ashmead, 1898
- Dinematus Lacourt, 2006
- 白樺葉蜂屬 Dineura Dahlbom, 1835
- Dipteromorpha Kirby, 1882
- Diranga Saini & Vasu, 1997
- Dochmioglene Enderlein, 1920
- Dochmioglene Malaise, 1942
- Dolerus Jurine, 1807
- 紅背葉蜂屬 Dolerus Panzer, 1801
- Dorhettenyx Lacourt, 1996
- 叢林葉蜂屬 Driocampus Zhang & Zhang, 1990
- Dulophanes Konow, 1907
- Edenticornia Malaise, 1944
- Eitelius Kontuniemi, 1966
- Elinopsis Lacourt, 1986
- Elinora Benson, 1946
- Emphytopsis Wei & Nie, 1998
- Empria Lepeletier & Serville, 1828
- Emprionopsis Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994
- Empronus Malaise, 1935
- Endelomyia Ashmead, 1898
- Endophytus Hering, 1934
- Endotethryx Lacourt, 1996
- Eniscia Thomson, 1870
- Eohemichroa Zhelochovtzev & Rasnitsyn, 1973
- Eopsis Benson, 1959
- Epicenematus Lacourt, 1998
- Equidolerus Taeger & Blank, 1996
- Ericoampopsis Takeuchi, 1952
- Eriocampa Hartig, 1837
- Eriocampidea Ashmead, 1898
- Erythraspides Ashmead, 1898
- Esehabachia Togashi, 1984
- Eudistega Pasteels, 1949
- Euforsius Malaise, 1944
- Eupareophora Enslin, 1914
- Eupontania Zinovjev, 1985
- 寬距葉蜂屬 Eurhadinoceraea Enslin, 1920
- Eurogaster Zirngiebl, 1953
- Eustromboceros Rohwer, 1911
- Eusunoxa Enslin, 1911
- Eutomostethus Enslin, 1914
- 柳葉蜂屬 Euura Newman, 1837
- Fagineura Vikberg & Zinovjev, 2000
- Fallocampus Wong, 1977
- Fenella Westwood, 1839
- Fenusa Leach, 1817
- 櫟潛葉蜂屬 Fenusella Enslin, 1912
- Ferna Malaise, 1961
- Filacus Smith & Gibson, 1984
- Filixungulia Wei, 1997
- Flagellaria Saini, Singh, Singh & Singh, 1985
- Florissantinus Zhelochovtzev & Rasnitsyn, 1973
- Formosempria Takeuchi, 1929
- Greatwallus Wei, 1997
- Gulingia Wei, 1997
- Gymnonychus Marlatt, 1896
- Habachia Takeuchi, 1952
- Halidamia Benson, 1939
- Hanumantus Saini, Singh, Singh & Singh, 1985
- 扁體葉蜂屬 Harpiphorus Hartig, 1837
- Haymatus Smith, 1979
- Hemathlophorus Malaise, 1945
- Hemibeleses Takeuchi, 1929
- Hemichroa Stephens, 1835
- Hemitaxonus Ashmead, 1898
- Hemkuntus Saini & Deep, 1992
- Hennedyia Cameron, 1891
- Heptamelus Haliday, 1855
- Heterarthrus Stephens, 1835
- Himindica Sani, 1996
- Hinatara Benson, 1936
- 長角葉蜂屬 Holcocneme Konow, 1890
- Hoplocampa Hartig, 1837
- Hoplocampoides Enslin, 1914
- Hypolaepus Kirby, 1882
- Hypsathalia Benson, 1962
- Ilithyiana Wei, Nie & Taeger, 2006
- Inea Malaise, 1942
- Isotaxonus Saini & Vasu, 2001
- 賈買葉蜂屬 Jermakia Jakovlev, 1892
- Kaliofenusa Viereck, 1910
- Kerita Ross, 1937
- Kihadaia Togashi, 1995
- Kontuniemiana Lacourt, 1998
- Lagidina Malaise, 1945
- Lagium Konow, 1904
- Lagonis Ross, 1937
- Larinematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988
- Leptocampus Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994
- Leseha Smith, 2019
- Leucopelmonus Viereck, 1916
- Lindqvistia Lacourt, 1998
- Loderus Konow, 1890
- Lonnea Lacourt, 2003
- Loopica Saini & Vasu, 1998
- Ludophanes Pasteels, 1949
- Lycaota Konow, 1903
- Lycaotella Ross, 1932
- Lygaeonematus Konow, 1890
- Lygaeophora Lindqvist, 1952
- Lygaeophora Liston, 1993
- 花葉蜂屬 Macremphytus Macgillivray, 1908
- 鈎瓣葉蜂屬 Macrophya Dahlbom, 1835
- Macrophyopsis Enslin, 1913
- Maculedo Zhelochovtsev, 1988
- Maghrebiella Lacourt, 1989
- Malachiella Malaise, 1934
- Malkiatus Smith, 2006
- Manis Saini & Deep, 1991
- Masaakia Takeuchi, 1950
- Megabeleses Takeuchi, 1952
- Megadineura Malaise, 1931
- Megatomostethus Takeuchi, 1933
- Melastola Wong, 1968
- Meliniola Malaise, 1935
- 樟葉蜂屬 Mesoneura Hartig, 1837
- Metallopeus Malaise, 1934
- 楊梅潛葉蜂屬 Metallus Forbes, 1885
- Metapedias Enderlein, 1920
- 皺葉蜂屬 Micronematus Konow, 1890
- Monardis Benson, 1952
- Monardis Enslin, 1914
- Monardis Hartig, 1837
- Monardoides Wei Meicai & Wu Weiwen, 1998
- Mongolempria Ermolenko, 1968
- Monocellicampa Wei, 1998
- Monophadnoides Ashmead, 1898
- 短角葉蜂屬 Monophadnus Hartig, 1837
- Monosoma MacGillivray, 1908
- Monostegia Costa, 1859
- Monsoma MacGillivray, 1908
- Moricella Rohwer, 1916
- Mucheana Koch, 1998
- Murciana Lacourt, 1988
- Neacidiophora Enslin, 1911
- Nefusa Ross, 1951
- 榿木葉蜂屬 Nematinus Rohwer, 1911
- Nematus Jurine, 1807
- Nematus Panzer, 1801
- Neoanapeptamena Strand, 1911
- Neocolochelyna Malaise, 1937
- Neocorymbas Saini, Singh, Singh & Singh, 1985
- Neodineura Taeger, 1989
- Neodolerus Goulet, 1986
- Neomessa Koch, 1990
- Neopareophora Macgillivray, 1908
- Neostromboceros Rohwer, 1912
- Neotaxonus Saini & Vasu, 1996
- Neothrinax Enslin, 1912
- Nepionema Benson, 1960
- Nervobeleses Wei, Nie & Taeger, 2006
- Nescianeura Lacourt, 2006
- Nesoselandria Rohwer, 1910
- Nesoselandriola Wei Meicai & Nie Haiyan, 1998
- Nesotaxonus Rohwer, 1910
- Nesotomostethus Rohwer, 1910
- Nipponostethus Togashi, 1997
- Nortonella Rohwer, 1908
- Notodontidea Wei Meicai, 1996
- Notofenusa Benson, 1959
- Ocla Malaise, 1957
- Oculocornia Wei, 1997
- Okutanius Smith, 1981
- Oligonematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988
- Olivacedo Zhelochovtsev, 1988
- Oncodolerus Goulet, 1986
- Pachydistega Pasteels, 1949
- Pachynematus Konow, 1890
- 方顏葉蜂屬 Pachyprotasis Hartig, 1837
- Palaeathalia Zhang, 1985
- Palaeotaxonus Brues, 1908
- Parabates Macgillivray, 1909
- Paracharactus MacGillivray, 1908
- Paralinomorpha Koch, 1988
- Paramasaakia Ermolenko, 1971
- Paranematus Zinovev, 1978
- Paranetroceros Koch, 1998
- Parastromboceros Takeuchi, 1941
- Paratenthredo Taeger, 1991
- Pareophora Konow, 1886
- Parna Benson, 1936
- Periclista Konow, 1886
- Perineura Hartig, 1837
- Phrontosoma Macgillivray, 1908
- Phthonocampus Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994
- Phyllocalpa
- Phyllocolpa Benson, 1960
- 長鬚葉蜂屬 Phymatocera Dahlbom, 1835
- Phymatoceridea Rohwer, 1916
- Phymatoceriola Sato, 1928
- Phymatoceropsis Rohwer, 1916
- Pikonema Ross, 1937
- Platycampus Schiødte, 1839
- Plaumanniana Malaise, 1942
- Polynematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988
- Pontania Costa, 1852
- Pontopristia Malaise, 1921
- Poodolerus Zhelochovtsev, 1988
- Prionourgus Goulet, 1986
- Priophorus Brullé, 1846
- Priophorus Dahlbom, 1835
- Pristicampus Zinovjev, 1993
- Pristiphora Latreille, 1810
- Pristiphora Smith, 2011
- Pristola Ross, 1945
- 樺潛葉蜂屬 Profenusa MacGillivray, 1914
- Prolatus Smith, 1967
- 並胸葉蜂屬 Propodea Malaise, 1945
- Proselandria Rohwer, 1912
- Protenthredo Pongrácz, 1928
- Pseudodineura Konow, 1885
- Pseudohemitaxonus Conde, 1932
- Pseudomacrophya Enslin, 1913
- Pseudoneacidiophora Koch, 1998
- Pseudosiobla Ashmead, 1898
- Pseudostromboceros Takeuchi, 1941
- Rena Wei, 1997
- 鳶葉蜂屬 Rhadinoceraea Konow, 1886
- Rhogogaster Konow, 1884
- Rhopographus Konow, 1899
- Ridgea Saini & Saini, 1996
- Rocalia Takeuchi, 1952
- Rohweria Malaise, 1935
- Romaniola Forsius, 1925
- Sainia Wei, 1997
- Sainiella Lacourt, 1996
- Saltia Malaise, 1955
- Sambia Vilhelmsen & Engel, 2012
- Sciapteryx Stephens, 1835
- Scolioneura Konow, 1890
- Selandria Leach, 1817
- Selandriopsis
- Seljukia Benson, 1966
- Senoclidea Rohwer, 1912
- Setabara Ross, 1951
- Sharliphora Wong, 1969
- 申氏葉蜂屬 Shenia Wei & Nie, 2005[2]
- 紅環申氏葉蜂 Shenia rufocincta Wei et Nie, 2005
- Silliana Malaise, 1949
- Sinofenusa Wei, 1997
- Siobla Cammeron, 1877
- Somanica Smith, 1979
- Songyuna Wei Meicai & Nie Haiyan, 1998
- 直角葉蜂屬 Stauronematus Benson, 1953
- Stethomostus Benson, 1939
- Stromboceridea Forsius, 1929
- Stromboceridea Rohwer, 1911
- Stromboceridia Rohwer, 1911
- Stromboceros Konow, 1885
- Strongylogaster Dahlbom, 1835
- Subsymmia Malaise, 1955
- 柏葉蜂屬 Susana Rohwer & Middleton, 1932
- Taeniurites Cockerell, 1917
- Tala Malaise, 1935
- Taxoblenus Wei & Nie, 1999
- Taxonus Hartig, 1837
- Temuledo Zhelochovtsev, 1988
- 葉蜂屬 Tenthredella Rohwer, 1910
- Tenthredinites Meunier, 1915
- 窄突葉蜂屬 Tenthredo Linnaeus, 1758
- Tenthredoides Cresson, 1865
- Tenthredoides Zhang, 1989
- Tenthredopsis Costa, 1859
- Tenuiperreyia Malaise, 1955
- Tethida Ross, 1937
- Thecatiphyta Wei, 2009
- Thrinax Konow, 1885
- Tianmuthredo Wei, 1997
- Tioloma Strand, 1911
- Togashia Wei Meicai, 1997
- Tomostethus Konow, 1886
- Triallan Smith, 2014
- 毛葉蜂屬 Trichiocampus Hartig, 1837
- Tripidobeleses Wei, 1997
- Tritobrachia Enderlein, 1920
- Tubpontania Vikberg, 2010
- Tumura Pasteels, 1949
- Tyloceridius Malaise, 1945
- Ucona Smith, 1974
- Ulotomostethus Forsius, 1935
- Ungulirhadina Wei Meicai, 1997
- Urocerca Pasteels, 1949
- Ussurinus Malaise, 1931
- Veratra Smith, 1969
- Waldheimia Brullé, 1846
- Weyrauchia Malaise, 1955
- Xenapates Kirby, 1882
- Yuccacia Wei Meicai & Nie Haiyan, 1998
- Zaphymatocera Sato, 1928
- Zaschizonyx Ashmead, 1898
- Zhengina Wei, 1997
- Zonuledo Zhelochovtsev, 1988
參考文獻[編輯]
- ^ Tenthredinidae. GBIF. [2022-03-27]. （原始內容存檔於2022-05-19）.
- ^ 魏美才.中國平背葉蜂族一新屬新種(膜翅目,葉蜂科,平背葉蜂亞科)[J].動物分類學報, 2005, 030(001):166-169.