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升糖素 (藥物)

维基百科,自由的百科全书
升糖素
升糖素的球棒模型,羧酸基末端在上面,基末端在下面
臨床資料
商品名英语Drug nomenclatureGlucagen, Baqsimi, Gvoke, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682480
核准狀況
懷孕分級
给药途径鼻腔给药, 靜脈注射, 肌肉注射, 皮下注射
ATC碼
法律規範狀態
法律規範
识别信息
  • Glucagon
CAS号16941-32-5
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
化学信息
化学式C153H225N43O49S
摩尔质量3,482.80 g·mol−1
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc2ccc(cc2)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc3ccc(cc3)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc4ccccc4)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc5c[nH]c6c5cccc6)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc7cnc[nH]7)N)O
  • InChI=1S/C153H225N43O49S/c1-72(2)52-97(133(226)176-96(47-51-246-11)132(225)184-104(60-115(159)209)143(236)196-123(78(10)203)151(244)245)179-137(230)103(58-83-64-167-89-29-19-18-28-87(83)89)183-131(224)95(43-46-114(158)208)177-148(241)120(74(5)6)194-141(234)101(54-79-24-14-12-15-25-79)182-138(231)105(61-117(211)212)185-130(223)94(42-45-113(157)207)171-124(217)75(7)170-127(220)91(31-22-49-165-152(160)161)172-128(221)92(32-23-50-166-153(162)163)174-146(239)110(69-199)191-140(233)107(63-119(215)216)186-134(227)98(53-73(3)4)178-135(228)99(56-81-33-37-85(204)38-34-81)180-129(222)90(30-20-21-48-154)173-145(238)109(68-198)190-136(229)100(57-82-35-39-86(205)40-36-82)181-139(232)106(62-118(213)214)187-147(240)111(70-200)192-150(243)122(77(9)202)195-142(235)102(55-80-26-16-13-17-27-80)188-149(242)121(76(8)201)193-116(210)66-168-126(219)93(41-44-112(156)206)175-144(237)108(67-197)189-125(218)88(155)59-84-65-164-71-169-84/h12-19,24-29,33-40,64-65,71-78,88,90-111,120-123,167,197-205H,20-23,30-32,41-63,66-70,154-155H2,1-11H3,(H2,156,206)(H2,157,207)(H2,158,208)(H2,159,209)(H,164,169)(H,168,219)(H,170,220)(H,171,217)(H,172,221)(H,173,238)(H,174,239)(H,175,237)(H,176,226)(H,177,241)(H,178,228)(H,179,230)(H,180,222)(H,181,232)(H,182,231)(H,183,224)(H,184,225)(H,185,223)(H,186,227)(H,187,240)(H,188,242)(H,189,218)(H,190,229)(H,191,233)(H,192,243)(H,193,210)(H,194,234)(H,195,235)(H,196,236)(H,211,212)(H,213,214)(H,215,216)(H,244,245)(H4,160,161,165)(H4,162,163,166)/t75-,76+,77+,78+,88-,90-,91-,92-,93-,94-,95-,96-,97-,98-,99-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-,107-,108-,109-,110-,111-,120-,121-,122-,123-/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:MASNOZXLGMXCHN-ZLPAWPGGSA-N checkY

升糖素(Glucagon)是一种激素也是藥品[9]。用于治疗低血糖Β受体阻滞剂过量、鈣離子通道阻滯劑中毒及使用肾上腺素后症状未改善的严重过敏反应[10]。給藥方式为靜脈注射肌肉注射皮下注射[10]。也有鼻腔给药的版本[11]

常见副作用包括呕吐[10]。其他副作用包括低鉀血症低血壓[9]。不建议嗜铬细胞瘤胰島素瘤英语Insulinoma患者使用[10]怀孕期使用尚無危害婴儿的記錄[12]。升糖素属于胰腺激素英语ATC code H04类药物[10]。作用原理是促使肝臟糖原分解为葡萄糖[10]

升糖素于 1960 年在美国取得醫療使用許可[10]。名列世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单[13]。它是人工合成的升糖素[10]。學名藥于 2020 年 12 月在美国上市[14]

参考文獻

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  1. ^ Glucagon Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. 16 October 2019 [16 May 2020]. 
  2. ^ Baqsimi Product information. Health Canada. [2024-03-30]. 
  3. ^ GlucaGen Hypokit 1 mg - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC). (emc). 15 June 2015 [16 May 2020]. 
  4. ^ Glucagon kit. DailyMed. [27 February 2021]. 
  5. ^ Baqsimi- glucagon powder. DailyMed. [27 February 2021]. 
  6. ^ Baqsimi EPAR. European Medicines Agency. 17 October 2019 [27 February 2021]. 
  7. ^ Ogluo EPAR. European Medicines Agency (EMA). 9 December 2020 [27 February 2021]. 
  8. ^ Ogluo Product information. Union Register of medicinal products. [3 March 2023]. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 British national formulary : BNF 69 69. British Medical Association. 2015: 487. ISBN 9780857111562. 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 Glucagon. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [8 December 2016]. (原始内容存档于26 December 2016). 
  11. ^ FDA approves first treatment for severe hypoglycemia that can be administered without an injection. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (新闻稿). 24 July 2019 [16 May 2020]. 
  12. ^ Glucagon (GlucaGen) Use During Pregnancy. www.drugs.com. [27 December 2016]. (原始内容存档于27 December 2016). 
  13. ^ World Health Organization. World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. 
  14. ^ FDA Approves First Generic of Drug Used to Treat Severe Hypoglycemia. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (新闻稿). 28 December 2020 [28 December 2020]. 

外部链接

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