跳转到内容

草稿:VideoWiki:Gout

维基百科,自由的百科全书


Template:Infobox videowiki Template:Videowiki


定義

[编辑]

痛風是一種發炎性關節炎英语inflammatory arthritis特徵是單一關節反覆關節炎發作,出現紅、英语joint effusion、熱和疼痛的症狀[1][2]

症狀 1

[编辑]

疼痛症狀通常很快發作,在十二小時內達到最痛[3]。有一半患者,疼痛發生在大腳趾底部的關節英语Metatarsophalangeal articulations[4]

症狀 2

[编辑]

它可能造成痛風石腎結石尿酸腎病英语urate nephropathy[3]

病因 1

[编辑]

痛風是由血中尿酸持續過高造成[3][2]

病因 2

[编辑]

這是由飲食、其他健康問題遺傳等因素綜合作用而成[3][2]。在血中尿酸濃度持續偏高的影響下,尿酸結晶沉積在關節、肌腱周圍組織中,之後引起痛風發作[3]

病因 3

[编辑]

經常食用肉類、海鮮、喝啤酒或體重過重的人更容易合併痛風[3][5]

診斷

[编辑]

關節液關節外的組織中發現尿酸結晶即可確診[3]。血中尿酸濃度在發作期間可能正常[3]


治療

[编辑]

使用秋水仙素非類固醇抗發炎藥(NSAIDs)或類固醇皆可改善症狀[3][2][6]

預防

[编辑]

在急性發作緩解後,可以透過調整生活方式或使用别嘌醇等藥物降低血中尿酸濃度[3]。 補充维生素C和食用低脂乳製品可能可以預防痛風[7]

流行病學 1

[编辑]

歐美,一生中會發生痛風的人口約占 1% 至 2% [3]。近幾十年來,痛風的發病率有所增加[3]

流行病學 2

[编辑]

痛風最好發在老年男性[3]

歷史

[编辑]

歷史上,痛風被稱為「帝王病」或「富貴病」[3][8],且自古埃及時即此[3]

References

[编辑]
  1. ^ Chen LX, Schumacher HR. Gout: an evidence-based review. J Clin Rheumatol. October 2008, 14 (5 Suppl): S55–62. PMID 18830092. doi:10.1097/RHU.0b013e3181896921. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Hui, M; Carr, A; Cameron, S; Davenport, G; Doherty, M; Forrester, H; Jenkins, W; Jordan, KM; Mallen, CD; McDonald, TM; Nuki, G; Pywell, A; Zhang, W; Roddy, E; British Society for Rheumatology Standards, Audit and Guidelines Working, Group. The British Society for Rheumatology Guideline for the Management of Gout. Rheumatology (Oxford, England). 26 May 2017, 56 (7): e1–e20. PMID 28549177. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kex156. 
  3. ^ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 Richette P, Bardin T. Gout. Lancet. January 2010, 375 (9711): 318–28. PMID 19692116. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60883-7. 
  4. ^ Schlesinger N. Diagnosing and treating gout: a review to aid primary care physicians. Postgrad Med. March 2010, 122 (2): 157–61. PMID 20203467. doi:10.3810/pgm.2010.03.2133. 
  5. ^ Beyl Jr, R. N.; Hughes, L; Morgan, S. Update on Importance of Diet in Gout. The American Journal of Medicine. 2016, 129 (11): 1153–1158. PMID 27452679. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.06.040. 
  6. ^ Shekelle, P. G; Newberry, S. J; Fitzgerald, J. D; Motala, A; O'Hanlon, C. E; Tariq, A; Okunogbe, A; Han, D; Shanman, R. Management of Gout: A Systematic Review in Support of an American College of Physicians Clinical Practice Guideline. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2017, 166 (1): 37–51. PMID 27802478. doi:10.7326/M16-0461. 
  7. ^ Questions and Answers about Gout. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. June 2015 [2 February 2016]. (原始内容存档于15 January 2016). 
  8. ^ Rich Man's Disease – definition of Rich Man's Disease in the Medical dictionary. Free Online Medical Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia.