锐滴虫目
外观
锐滴虫目 | |
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Monocercomonoides melolanthae | |
科学分类 | |
门: | 变形虫门 Amoebozoa |
纲: | 动鞭毛虫纲 Zoomastigophorea |
目: | 锐滴虫目 Oxymonadida Grassé 1952 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2003 |
科 | |
异名 | |
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锐滴虫目 (Oxymonadida) 是一类具有鞭毛的原生生物,大部分物种栖息在白蚁或其实食木昆虫的肠道内。锐滴虫目和副基体纲一样具有共生性的细菌,这些细菌可以协助分解纤维素。
锐滴虫目包括 Dinenympha、Pyrsonympha,和 Oxymonas 三个属[1]。
特征
[编辑]大部分物种体长约 50 μm,具有一个细胞核和四根鞭毛。锐滴虫目的基体 (basal body) 生有数根向细胞末端延伸的微管,形成轴柱,但锐滴虫目的轴柱与副基体纲的轴柱构造相异。锐滴虫目可以用轴柱游泳,游泳时轴柱会成波浪状。锐滴虫目有一种纤维构造称作前轴柱,前轴柱将四根鞭毛分为两对。有些物种具有多个细胞核、多根鞭毛,和多根轴柱。
与三鞭毛虫属的关系
[编辑]三鞭毛虫属 (Trimastix) 是一种自由生活的鞭毛虫,亲缘关系接近锐滴虫目[2]。三鞭毛虫属缺少线粒体,拥有四根被前轴柱分成两对的鞭毛,与锐滴虫目不同的是,三鞭毛虫拥有食槽 (feeding groove)。锐滴虫目和三鞭毛虫属都属于古虫界后滴门 (metamonad)。
分类
[编辑]- Order Oxymonadida Grassé 1952 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2003[3]
- Family Oxymonadidae Kirby 1928 [Oxymonadaceae]
- Genus ?Barroella Zeliff 1944 [Kirbyella Zeliff 1930 non Kirkaldy 1906 non Bolivar 1909]
- Genus ?Metasaccinobaculus Freitas 1945
- Genus ?Tubulimonoides Krishnamurthy & Sultana 1976
- Genus Microrhopalodina Grassé & Foa 1911 [Proboscidiella Kofoid & Swezy 1926; Opisthomitus Grassé 1952 non Duboscq & Grassé 1934]
- Genus Oxymonas Janicki 1915
- Genus Sauromonas Grassé & Hollande 1952
- Family Polymastigidae Bütschli 1884 [Polymastigaceae]
- Genus ?Brachymonas Grassé 1952 non Hiraishi et al. 1995
- Genus ?Paranotila Cleveland 1966
- Genus Monocercomonoides Travis 1932
- Genus Polymastix Bütschli 1884 non Gruber 1884
- Family Pyrsonymphidae Grassé 1892 [Pyrsonymphaceae; Dinenymphaceae]
- Genus Dinenympha Leidy 1877
- Genus Pyrsonympha Leidy 1877 [Pyrsonema Kent 1881; Lophophora Comes 1910 non Coulter 1894 non Kraatz 1895 non Moeschler 1890]
- Family Saccinobaculidae Brugerolle & Lee 2002 ex Cavalier-Smith 2012
- Genus Notila Cleveland 1950
- Genus Saccinobaculus Cleveland-Hall & Sanders & Collier 1934
- Family Streblomastigidae Kofoid & Swezy 1919 [Streblomastigaceae]
- Genus Streblomastix Kofoid & Swezy 1920
- Family Oxymonadidae Kirby 1928 [Oxymonadaceae]
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Moriya S, Dacks JB, Takagi A, et al. Molecular phylogeny of three oxymonad genera: Pyrsonympha, Dinenympha and Oxymonas. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 2003, 50 (3): 190–7. PMID 12836875. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2003.tb00115.x.
- ^ Dacks JB, Silberman JD, Simpson AG, et al. Oxymonads are closely related to the excavate taxon Trimastix. Mol. Biol. Evol. June 2001, 18 (6): 1034–44. PMID 11371592. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003875 .
- ^ Part 1- Virae, Prokarya, Protists, Fungi. Collection of genus-group names in a systematic arrangement. [30 June 2016]. (原始内容存档于14 August 2016).