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砷鉍銅石

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砷鉍銅石
藍色砷鉍銅石。標本地點：希臘，尺寸 : 6.8 x 5.0 x 3.6 cm.
基本資料
類別砷酸鹽
化學式BiCu
6(AsO
4)
3(OH)
6·
3(H
2O)
晶體分類六方雙錐晶類
晶體空間群P63/m
晶胞a = 13.646(2) Å,
c = 5.920(1) Å; Z = 2
性質
顏色藍色-綠色至祖母綠色-綠色、淺綠色、白色
晶體慣態晶體似針狀，沿c軸延長，有縱紋，表面暗淡無光；集合體晶簇狀、放射狀、皮殼狀、緻密狀、團狀
晶系六方晶系
斷口不平
莫氏硬度3-4
光澤玻璃光澤，絲絹光澤
條痕淺藍綠色
透明性透明至半透明
比重3.79-3.83
光學性質一軸晶（+）
折射率nω = 1.743 - 1.749 nε = 1.810 - 1.830
雙折射δ = 0.067
多色性O = 無色, E = 綠

砷鉍銅石（英語：Mixite）[1]是一種稀有的砷酸銅鉍礦物，屬六方晶系，晶體通常呈輻射狀針狀稜柱和塊狀結殼形式，顏色從白色到各種深淺不一的綠色和藍色不等，莫氏硬度為3.5至4，比重為3.8。有不均勻的斷裂具明亮的金剛光澤，和淺藍綠色條痕[2]。砷鐵銅石於1879年由礦山的工程師Anton Mixa在捷克共和國J´achymov附近發現[3] 。

砷鉍銅石是砷鉍銅石礦物組的成員之一，礦物組的化學通式BiCu
6(AsO
4)
3(OH)
6·
3(H
2O)，其中A為REE、Al、Ca、Pb或Bi，T為P或As[4]。除砷鉍銅石外，該礦物組還包含同構礦物砷釔銅石－(Y)[5]，砷釔銅石-(Ce)[6]，砷釔銅石－(Nd)[7]，砷釔銅石－(La)[8]，磷鈣銅石（calciopetersit）[9]，三水砷鋁銅石（goudeyite）[10]，磷銅石（petersite）－(Ce)[11]，磷銅石（petersite）－(Y)[12]，鉍銅砷酸石（plumboagardite）[13]和扎水羥砷銅石（zálesíite）[14]。

成因產狀

[編輯]

砷鉍銅石是一種非常見的次生礦物，產於銅礦床的氧化帶中[15]，其伴生礦物包括鈷華、孔雀石、重晶石 [16]。

產地

[編輯]

在以下地方均曾發現：阿根廷[17] 、澳大利亞[18]、奧地利[19]、法國[20]、德國[21]、 希臘[22]、匈牙利[23]、意大利[24]、日本[25]、墨西哥 [26]、納米比亞[27]、波蘭[28]、西班牙[29]、瑞士[30]、英國[31]和美國[32]。

參考文獻

[編輯]
  1. ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
  2. ^ Mineral data publishing PDF
  3. ^ Schrauf A (1880) Ueber Arsenate von Joachimsthal. 1. Mixit, ein neues Kupferwismuthhydroarsenat, Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie (in German) 4, 277-285
  4. ^ Mindat data with locations
  5. ^ Dietrich J E, Orliac M, Permingeat F (1969) L』agardite, une nouvelle espèce minérale, et le problème du chlorotile, Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie 92, 420-434
  6. ^ Walenta K, Theye T (2004) Agardite-(Ce) of the Clara mine in the central Black Forest, Aufschluss 55, 17–23
  7. ^ Pekov I V, Chukanov N V, Zadov A E, Voudouris P, Magganas A, Katerinopoulos A (2011) Agardite－（Nd），NdCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6•3H2O, from the Hilarion Mine, Lavrion, Greece: mineral description and chemical relations with other members of the agardite-zálesíite solid-solution system, Journal of Geosciences 57, 249-255
  8. ^ Fehr T, Hochleitner R (1984) Agardite-La. Ein neues mineral von Lavrion, Griechenland, Lapis 9, 22-37
  9. ^ Sejkora J, Novotný P, Novák M, Šrein V, Berlepsch P (2005) Calciopetersite from Domašov nad Bystricí, Northern Moravia, Czech Republic, a new mineral species of the mixite group, The Canadian Mineralogist 43, 1393-1400
  10. ^ Wise W S (1978) Parnauite and goudeyite, two new copper arsenate minerals from the Majuba Hill Mine, Pershing County, Nevada, American Mineralogist 63, 704-708
  11. ^ Williams P A, Hatert F, Pasero M, Mills S J (2014) IMA Commission on new minerals, nomenclature and classification (CNMNC) Newsletter 20. New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2014. Mineralogical Magazine 78, 549-558
  12. ^ Peacor D R, Dunn P J (1982) Petersite, a REE and phosphate analog of mixite, American Mineralogist 67, 1039-1042
  13. ^ Walenta K, Theye T (2005) Plumboagardite, a new mineral of the mixite group from an occurrence in the Southern Black Forest, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen 181, 219-224
  14. ^ Sejkora J, Rídkošil T, Šrein V (1999) Zálesíite, a new mineral of the mixite group, from Zálesí, Rychlebské hory Mts., Czech Republic, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen 175, 105-124.
  15. ^ Webmineral data
  16. ^ Sejkora J, Novotny P, Novák M, ？rein V, Berlepsch P. 2005. Calciopetersite from Doma？ov nad Byst？icí, northern Moravia, Czech Republic, a new mineral species of the mixite group. Canadian Mineralogist, 43: 1393～1400
  17. ^ Lapis 8(4), 25 (1983).
  18. ^ Kolitsch, U. and Elliott, P. (1999): Mineralogy of the Mount Malvern Mine near Clarendon, South Australia. Australian J. Mineral. 5, 3-17.
  19. ^ G. Blass, A. Pichler: Carinthia II 191./111.: 43-55 (2001); Kolitsch,
  20. ^ Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", von Loga (Cologne), 1997.
  21. ^ Aufschluss 1986(11), 370ff.
  22. ^ Voudouris, P. & Economou-Eliopoulus, M. (2003): Mineralogy and chemistry of Cu-rich ores from the Kamariza carbonate-hosted deposit (Lavrion), Greece. In: Eliopoulos et al. (Eds.): Mineral Exploration and Sustainable Development. Millpress, Rotterdam, 1039-1042.
  23. ^ Geoda 2012/I.
  24. ^ Piccoli, G.C. (2002): Minerali delle Alpi Marittime e Cozie. Provincia di Cuneo. Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio", Ed., Alba, 366 pp.; Piccoli, G. C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., & Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo F. Eusebio - Alba, 607 pag.
  25. ^ Matsubara et al (1992) Ganseki-Koubutsu-Koshogaku Zasshi, 87, 147-148.
  26. ^ Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 944.
  27. ^ Gebhard, G. (1999): Tsumeb II. A Unique Mineral Locality. GG Publishing, Grossenseifen, Germany
  28. ^ Domańska, J.: Rędziny. Otoczak, nr. 29, p. 38-52.
  29. ^ VIÑALS, J., CALVO, M., and MARTÍ, J. (2004): Parnauita, paratacamita y otros minerales secundarios de Cerro Minado, Almería. Revista de Minerales, 2, 5, 47-49.(in Spanish). Versions simultaneously published in Catalan (Mineralogistes de Catalunya) and in English version (Mineral Up)
  30. ^ Ansermet, S. (2012): Mines et minéraux du Valais - II. Anniviers et Tourtemagne. With contributions by N. Meisser, Ed. Porte-plumes (Ayer).
  31. ^ Golley, P., and Williams, R. (1995): Cornish Mineral Reference Manual. Endsleigh Publications (Truro), 104 pp.
  32. ^ Grant, Raymond W., Bideaux, R.A., and Williams, S.A. (2006) Minerals Added to the Arizona List 1995-2005: 6.
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