腹外側視前核
外觀
腹外側視前區(VLPO)是位於下丘腦前部的一個小神經元群。[1][2]
腹外側視前區是控制人們喚醒與睡眠的神經系統。[1][2]在非快速動眼睡眠期間,腹外側視前核會釋放抑制性神經遞質。[3]
VLPO在睡眠期間處於活躍狀態,特別是在非快速眼動睡眠(NREM睡眠)期間,[4]並釋放抑制性神經遞質,主要是GABA和甘丙寧,它們抑制參與覺醒上升性覺醒系統的神經元。[5][6]而VLPO又受到來自上升性覺醒系統多個組成部分神經元的支配。[7]VLPO由內源性促進睡眠的物質腺苷[8][9]和前列腺素D2[10]激活。在清醒狀態下,VLPO受到喚醒誘導神經遞質去甲腎上腺素和乙酰膽鹼的抑制。[7]VLPO在睡眠和覺醒中的作用及其與睡眠障礙(特別是失眠和嗜睡症)的關係是神經科學研究的一個新興領域。
參考文獻
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- ^ 7.0 7.1 Gallopin, Thierry; Fort, Patrice; Eggermann, Emmanuel; Cauli, Bruno; Luppi, Pierre-Hervé; Rossier, Jean; Audinat, Etienne; Mühlethaler, Michel; Serafin, Mauro. Identification of sleep-promoting neurons in vitro. Nature. 2000, 404 (6781): 992–995. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 10801127. S2CID 4364527. doi:10.1038/35010109 (英語).
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- ^ Gallopin T. The endogenous somnogen adenosine excites a subset of sleep-promoting neurons via A2A receptors in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus. Neuroscience. 2005, 134 (4): 1377–1390. PMID 16039802. S2CID 27732204. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.05.045.
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