腹外側視前核
腹外側視前區（VLPO）是位於下丘腦前部的一個小神經元群。[1][2]
腹外側視前區是控制人們喚醒與睡眠的神經系統。[1][2]在非快速動眼睡眠期間，腹外側視前核會釋放抑制性神經遞質。[3]
VLPO在睡眠期間處於活躍狀態，特別是在非快速眼動睡眠（NREM睡眠）期間，[4]並釋放抑制性神經遞質，主要是GABA和甘丙寧，它們抑制參與覺醒上升性覺醒系統的神經元。[5][6]而VLPO又受到來自上升性覺醒系統多個組成部分神經元的支配。[7]VLPO由內源性促進睡眠的物質腺苷[8][9]和前列腺素D2[10]激活。在清醒狀態下，VLPO受到喚醒誘導神經遞質去甲腎上腺素和乙酰膽鹼的抑制。[7]VLPO在睡眠和覺醒中的作用及其與睡眠障礙（特別是失眠和嗜睡症）的關係是神經科學研究的一個新興領域。
參考文獻
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- ^ Scammell T. Activation of ventrolateral preoptic neurons by the somnogen prostaglandin D2. PNAS. 1998, 95 (13): 7754–7759. PMC 22747 . PMID 9636223. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.13.7754 .
