克里安西斯

克里安西斯（英語：Cleanthes，前331年—前232年^[1]），阿蘇斯的法尼亞斯之子，斯多噶學派哲學家。^[2]^[3]在學習哲學前是個拳擊手，後在雅典師從季蒂昂的芝諾，並成為哲學斯多噶學派的領袖。^[4]

參考[編輯]

^ Adkins,Lesley Adkins,Roy A.（1998）. Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome.Oxford University Press,USA.ISBN 9780195123326.
^ According to Apollodorus as quoted by Philodemus, Cleanthes was born in Aristophanes' archonship (331/0 BC) and died in Jason's Archonship (230/29 BC). Pseudo-Lucian, Valerius Maximus, and Censorinus say that Cleanthes lived to the age of 99 (although Diogenes Laërtius says he died at the age of 80.) For more information see Tiziano Dorandi, Chapter 2: Chronology, in Algra et al. (1999) The Cambridge History of Hellenistic Philosophy, page 38. Cambridge. Dorandi prefers an age of 101.
^ Diogenes Laërtius, The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers, vii （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）.
^ Barnes 1988: Hellenistic^{[頁碼請求]}^[缺少ISBN]

Davidson, William Leslie, The Stoic Creed, Clark, 1907
Hicks, Robert Drew, Stoic and Epicurean, C. Scribner, 1910
Stock, St. George William Joseph, Stoicism, Constable, 1908
Hume, David, Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, in which "Cleanthes" is a character
Meijer P. A., (2008), Stoic theology. Proofs for the existence of the cosmic god and of the traditional gods. Including a commentary on Cleanthes' Hymn on Zeus. Delft, Eburon.
Pearson, A., (1891), Fragments of Zeno and Cleanthes. Greek/Latin fragments with English commentary.
Thom, J., (2005), Cleanthes' Hymn to Zeus: Text, Translation, and Commentary. Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 3-16-148660-9.