用戶:Cypp0847/最高法院 (香港)
香港最高法院（英語：Supreme Court of Hong Kong）是英屬香港的最高級別法庭，直至1997年的香港主權移交。最高法院負責審理來自各區裁判法院和區域法院等法庭的初審和上訴。1976年起，最高法院由上訴庭和高等法院
The Supreme Court was from 1976 made up of the High Court of Justice (High Court) and the Court of Appeal.
On 1 July 1997, the Supreme Court became the High Court which is made up of the Court of First Instance and the Court of Appeal.
歷史
[編輯]成立
[編輯]《[[[南京條約]]》簽署後，香港在1844年成為直轄殖民地，最高法院遂於同年成立，並於同年10月1日首次開庭，由時任首席按察司曉吾主持[1]。
上訴庭
[編輯]最高法院成立近70年來，香港一直沒有上訴庭。上訴聆訊可以根據呈請方式，或進行重審，或交由樞密院司法委員會審理。1913年起，上訴聆訊由3名法官組成的合議庭處理。1913年至1943年期間，英國在華最高法院的一名上海法官有權參加合議庭。1910年代和1920年代，上海法官會定期到港參與合議庭。上海法官哈弗蘭·德蘇文尼更曾在1910年至1920年期間擔任合議庭庭長。1926年至1941年期間，香港最高法院的一名法官亦會出席英國在華最高法院的合議庭[2]。
上訴庭最終在1976年成立[3]。而上訴庭和合議庭的上訴，及高等法院的某些刑事上訴，則交由英國樞密院司法委員會審理[4]。若需上訴至樞密院，上訴人需要從樞密院或原審法庭申請上訴許可。
主權移交
[編輯]After the transfer of sovereignty the Supreme Court was renamed as the High Court and the High Court of the former Supreme Court was renamed the Court of First Instance[5]. Appeals from the Court of Appeal (and where there is such a direct appeal, the Court of First Instance) are now heard by the Court of Final Appeal which was established on 1 July 1997.[6]
Chief Justices of the former Supreme Court
[編輯]For a list of former Chief Justices of Hong Kong, please see Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Hong Kong
Buildings
[編輯]- 1844-1848: A building at the junction of Wyndham and Wellington Streets
- 1848-?: Exchange Building, 7 Queen's Road, Central, a building originally erected for Dent & Co. by Tam Achoy.[7]
- 1889-1911: No. 29 Queen's Road, Central, between the Post Office and Land Office[8]
- 1912-1980: The old Supreme Court Building - until 2012, the Legislative Council Building at 8 Jackson Road, Central, Hong Kong Island. It became the new seat of the Court of Final Appeal in September 2015.
- 1980-1983: The Former French Mission Building,[9] later home to the Court of Final Appeal (1997-2015)
- 1985-1997: The new Supreme Court Building - now the High Court Building at 38 Queensway, Admiralty, Hong Kong Island
Further reading
[編輯]A full history of the Supreme Court up to the early 20th Century is in James William Norton-Kyshe's:
See also
[編輯]References
[編輯]- ^ Norton-Kyshe, John, History the Laws of Hong Kong, p64
- ^ Clark, Douglas, Gunboat Justice, Vol 2, p179-181
- ^ Supreme Court Ordinance 1975, which came into effect in 1976
- ^ A Brief Overview of the Court of Final Appeal
- ^ Article 81 of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. hklii.hk. [2015-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於24 January 2015）.
- ^ Court of Final Appeal Ordinance
- ^ Carroll, John M. Edge of Empires: Chinese Elites and British Colonials in Hong Kong. Harvard University Press. 30 June 2009: 26. ISBN 9780674029231.
- ^ Empson, Hal. Mapping Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Government Information Services. 1992: 163, 165 (Plates 3-2, 3-4).
- ^ Finance Committee - Public Works Subcommittee (Papers) 8 Nov 95: "Conversion of the French Mission Building into the Court of Final Appeal"
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