用户:Cypp0847/最高法院 (香港)
香港最高法院（英语：Supreme Court of Hong Kong）是英属香港的最高级别法庭，直至1997年的香港主权移交。最高法院负责审理来自各区裁判法院和区域法院等法庭的初审和上诉。1976年起，最高法院由上诉庭和高等法院
The Supreme Court was from 1976 made up of the High Court of Justice (High Court) and the Court of Appeal.
On 1 July 1997, the Supreme Court became the High Court which is made up of the Court of First Instance and the Court of Appeal.
历史
[编辑]成立
[编辑]《[[[南京条约]]》签署后，香港在1844年成为直辖殖民地，最高法院遂于同年成立，并于同年10月1日首次开庭，由时任首席按察司晓吾主持[1]。
上诉庭
[编辑]最高法院成立近70年来，香港一直没有上诉庭。上诉聆讯可以根据呈请方式，或进行重审，或交由枢密院司法委员会审理。1913年起，上诉聆讯由3名法官组成的合议庭处理。1913年至1943年期间，英国在华最高法院的一名上海法官有权参加合议庭。1910年代和1920年代，上海法官会定期到港参与合议庭。上海法官哈弗兰·德苏文尼更曾在1910年至1920年期间担任合议庭庭长。1926年至1941年期间，香港最高法院的一名法官亦会出席英国在华最高法院的合议庭[2]。
上诉庭最终在1976年成立[3]。而上诉庭和合议庭的上诉，及高等法院的某些刑事上诉，则交由英国枢密院司法委员会审理[4]。若需上诉至枢密院，上诉人需要从枢密院或原审法庭申请上诉许可。
主权移交
[编辑]After the transfer of sovereignty the Supreme Court was renamed as the High Court and the High Court of the former Supreme Court was renamed the Court of First Instance[5]. Appeals from the Court of Appeal (and where there is such a direct appeal, the Court of First Instance) are now heard by the Court of Final Appeal which was established on 1 July 1997.[6]
Chief Justices of the former Supreme Court
[编辑]For a list of former Chief Justices of Hong Kong, please see Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Hong Kong
Buildings
[编辑]- 1844-1848: A building at the junction of Wyndham and Wellington Streets
- 1848-?: Exchange Building, 7 Queen's Road, Central, a building originally erected for Dent & Co. by Tam Achoy.[7]
- 1889-1911: No. 29 Queen's Road, Central, between the Post Office and Land Office[8]
- 1912-1980: The old Supreme Court Building - until 2012, the Legislative Council Building at 8 Jackson Road, Central, Hong Kong Island. It became the new seat of the Court of Final Appeal in September 2015.
- 1980-1983: The Former French Mission Building,[9] later home to the Court of Final Appeal (1997-2015)
- 1985-1997: The new Supreme Court Building - now the High Court Building at 38 Queensway, Admiralty, Hong Kong Island
Further reading
[编辑]A full history of the Supreme Court up to the early 20th Century is in James William Norton-Kyshe's:
See also
[编辑]References
[编辑]- ^ Norton-Kyshe, John, History the Laws of Hong Kong, p64
- ^ Clark, Douglas, Gunboat Justice, Vol 2, p179-181
- ^ Supreme Court Ordinance 1975, which came into effect in 1976
- ^ A Brief Overview of the Court of Final Appeal
- ^ Article 81 of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. hklii.hk. [2015-01-24]. （原始内容存档于24 January 2015）.
- ^ Court of Final Appeal Ordinance
- ^ Carroll, John M. Edge of Empires: Chinese Elites and British Colonials in Hong Kong. Harvard University Press. 30 June 2009: 26. ISBN 9780674029231.
- ^ Empson, Hal. Mapping Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Government Information Services. 1992: 163, 165 (Plates 3-2, 3-4).
- ^ Finance Committee - Public Works Subcommittee (Papers) 8 Nov 95: "Conversion of the French Mission Building into the Court of Final Appeal"
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