新鲜冷冻血浆

**新鲜冷冻血浆**
	一袋恰好为一单位的新鲜冷冻血浆
临床资料
其他名称	放血后24小时内的冷冻血浆（FP24）
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex详细消费者药物信息
ATC码	B05AX03 (WHO) ;
识别信息
ChemSpider	无;

新鲜冷冻血浆（fresh frozen plasma, FFP）为一从全血制备而成的血液制品^[3]，一般是在采集全血后八小时内分离制备^[4]，用于治疗体内凝血因子过低（INR>1.5）或是血浆蛋白过少之患者^[3]^[1]，也做为血浆置换的置换液^[2]^[5]，通常会建议（但非必要）使用ABO血型相符的血浆^[6]^[7]。不建议使用新鲜冷冻血浆作为代用血浆（英语：volume expander）^[3]。使用方式为缓慢输注至静脉内^[2]。

副作用包含恶心和发痒^[3]，并有低几率发生过敏反应、血栓，或感染^[3]^[1]。在怀孕期间或哺乳期间使用，对婴儿的安全性仍未知^[2]。患有蛋白质S缺乏症（英语：protein S deficiency）、免疫球蛋白A缺乏（英语：IgA deficiency），或心脏衰竭的病人在使用上须特别注意^[2]。新鲜冷冻血浆是由水，蛋白质，碳水化合物，脂质，与维生素组成的复杂混合物^[1]。零下18度冷冻下可保存约一年^[1]。

第二次世界大战期间血浆制品第一次被应用于医疗中^[1]^[8]，名列世界卫生组织基本药物清单，该清单罗列一个健康照护体系中所需要的各项最安全有效的药物。^[9]。在英国一单位的新鲜冷冻血浆价钱约30英磅^[10]。亦有其他种类的新鲜冷冻血，包含采血后24小时内冷冻血浆（英语：Plasma frozen within 24 hours）、冷冻沉淀品减除血浆（英语：Cryoprecipitate reduced plasma）、冷冻血浆、以及溶剂清洁剂处理血浆^[1]。其中冷冻血浆类似新鲜冷冻血浆，不过是在采集全血八小时分离，在零下18度冰箱可存放五年^[4]。

参考资料[编辑]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Shaz, Beth H.; Hillyer, Christopher D.; Roshal, Mikhail; Abrams, Charles S. Transfusion Medicine and Hemostasis: Clinical and Laboratory Aspects. Newnes. 2013: 209–212. ISBN 9780123977885. （原始内容存档于2017-09-23）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Plasma Intravenous Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.com. www.drugs.com. [10 January 2017]. （原始内容存档于11 January 2017）.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 British national formulary : BNF 69 69. British Medical Association. 2015: 172. ISBN 9780857111562.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 台灣血液學基金會血液成分精要 (PDF). [2019-03-25]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-03-04）.
^ Schwartz, Joseph; Padmanabhan, Anand; Aqui, Nicole; Balogun, Rasheed A.; Connelly-Smith, Laura; Delaney, Meghan; Dunbar, Nancy M.; Witt, Volker; Wu, Yanyun. Guidelines on the Use of Therapeutic Apheresis in Clinical Practice-Evidence-Based Approach from the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: The Seventh Special Issue. Journal of Clinical Apheresis. June 2016, 31 (3): 149–338. ISSN 0733-2459. doi:10.1002/jca.21470.
^ Sikka, Paul K.; Beaman, Shawn T.; Street, James A. Basic Clinical Anesthesia. Springer. 2015: 102 [2019-03-25]. ISBN 9781493917372. （原始内容存档于2019-05-19）（英语）.
^ Aglio, Linda S.; Lekowski, Robert W.; Urman, Richard D. Essential Clinical Anesthesia Review: Keywords, Questions and Answers for the Boards. Cambridge University Press. 2015: 218 [2019-03-25]. ISBN 9781107681309. （原始内容存档于2019-05-19）（英语）.
^ Plasma Equipment and Packaging, and Transfusion Equipment. [2019-03-25]. （原始内容存档于2017-06-09）.
^ WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于13 December 2016）.
^ Yentis, Steven M.; Hirsch, Nicholas P.; Ip, James. Anaesthesia and Intensive Care A-Z: An Encyclopedia of Principles and Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2013: 147. ISBN 9780702053757. （原始内容存档于2017-09-23）.

延伸阅读[编辑]

British Committee for Standards in Haematology, Blood Transfusion Task Force (J. Duguid, Chairman); O'Shaughnessy, D. F.; Atterbury, C.; Bolton Maggs, P.; Murphy, M.; Thomas, D.; Yates, S.; Williamson, L. M. Guidelines for the use of fresh-frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate and cryosupernatant. British Journal of Haematology. 1 July 2004, 126 (1): 11–28. ISSN 1365-2141. PMID 15198728. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2004.04972.x.

外部链接[编辑]

[Sh2013-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Shaz, Beth H.; Hillyer, Christopher D.; Roshal, Mikhail; Abrams, Charles S. Transfusion Medicine and Hemostasis: Clinical and Laboratory Aspects. Newnes. 2013: 209–212. ISBN 9780123977885. （原始内容存档于2017-09-23）.

[Drugs2017-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Plasma Intravenous Advanced Patient Information - Drugs.com. www.drugs.com. [10 January 2017]. （原始内容存档于11 January 2017）.

[BNF69-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 British national formulary : BNF 69 69. British Medical Association. 2015: 172. ISBN 9780857111562.

[血液成分精要-4] 4.0 ^4.1 台灣血液學基金會血液成分精要 (PDF). [2019-03-25]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-03-04）.

[5] Schwartz, Joseph; Padmanabhan, Anand; Aqui, Nicole; Balogun, Rasheed A.; Connelly-Smith, Laura; Delaney, Meghan; Dunbar, Nancy M.; Witt, Volker; Wu, Yanyun. Guidelines on the Use of Therapeutic Apheresis in Clinical Practice-Evidence-Based Approach from the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: The Seventh Special Issue. Journal of Clinical Apheresis. June 2016, 31 (3): 149–338. ISSN 0733-2459. doi:10.1002/jca.21470.

[6] Sikka, Paul K.; Beaman, Shawn T.; Street, James A. Basic Clinical Anesthesia. Springer. 2015: 102 [2019-03-25]. ISBN 9781493917372. （原始内容存档于2019-05-19）（英语）.

[7] Aglio, Linda S.; Lekowski, Robert W.; Urman, Richard D. Essential Clinical Anesthesia Review: Keywords, Questions and Answers for the Boards. Cambridge University Press. 2015: 218 [2019-03-25]. ISBN 9781107681309. （原始内容存档于2019-05-19）（英语）.

[8] Plasma Equipment and Packaging, and Transfusion Equipment. [2019-03-25]. （原始内容存档于2017-06-09）.

[WHO19th-9] WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于13 December 2016）.

[Yen2013-10] Yentis, Steven M.; Hirsch, Nicholas P.; Ip, James. Anaesthesia and Intensive Care A-Z: An Encyclopedia of Principles and Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2013: 147. ISBN 9780702053757. （原始内容存档于2017-09-23）.

[1]

[3]

[4]

[2]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]