咯利普蘭

**咯利普蘭**
臨床資料
ATC碼	未分配;
法律規範狀態
法律規範	Investigational;
藥物動力學數據
生物利用度	75%
藥物代謝	Liver via CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6
生物半衰期	3 hours
排泄途徑	Urine (80%)
識別資訊
	IUPAC命名法 (RS)-4-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)pyrrolidin-2-one; ;
CAS號	61413-54-5
PubChem CID	5092;
IUPHAR/BPS	5260;
DrugBank	DB04149 ;
ChemSpider	4913 ;
UNII	K676NL63N7;
KEGG	D01783 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:104872 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL63 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英語：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID3044124 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.057.046
化學資訊
化學式	C16H21NO3
摩爾質量	275.35 g·mol−1
3D模型（JSmol（英語：JSmol））	交互式圖像;
	SMILES COc1ccc(cc1OC1CCCC1)C1CNC(=O)C1;
	InChI InChI=1S/C16H21NO3/c1-19-14-7-6-11(12-9-16(18)17-10-12)8-15(14)20-13-4-2-3-5-13/h6-8,12-13H,2-5,9-10H2,1H3,(H,17,18) ; Key:HJORMJIFDVBMOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;

咯利普蘭是一種選擇性的磷酸二酯酶-4的抑制劑，1990 年代初由先靈股份公司發開發為一種潛在的抗抑鬱藥，^[2]是一些公司開發藥物的原型分子。 ^[3] 臨床試驗表明其治療指數太窄，不引起顯着胃腸道副作用的前提下，它無法給藥足夠高的劑量，因而咯利普蘭被停用。 ^[3]

咯利普蘭的多個特點使其成為研究的持續重點。許多神經退化障礙涉及大腦中積累的錯誤摺疊和聚集的蛋白質，正常細胞內有一種稱為蛋白酶體可以處理這些蛋白質。然而，在阿爾茨海默病和其他一些疾病中，這些蛋白酶體活性受損，導致有毒聚集體的積累。小鼠的研究表明，咯利普蘭能夠提高蛋白酶體的活性並減少聚集體。初步證據表明，咯利普蘭可以改善蛋白質積聚小鼠的空間記憶。 ^[4]咯利普蘭也同時作為一種充分表徵的 PDE4 抑制劑繼續得到研究。 ^[3]它用於研究 PDE4抑制是否可用於自身免疫性疾病、 ^[5]阿爾茨海默病、 ^[6]認知增強、^[7]脊髓損傷、^[8]哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病等呼吸系統疾病。 ^[9]

參考[編輯]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Krause, W; Kühne, G; Sauerbrey, N. Pharmacokinetics of (+)-rolipram and (−)-rolipram in healthy volunteers. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1990, 38 (1): 71–75. PMID 2328751. S2CID 25683209. doi:10.1007/BF00314807.
^ Zhu, J; Mix, E; Winblad, B. The antidepressant and antiinflammatory effects of rolipram in the central nervous system.. CNS Drug Reviews. Winter 2001, 7 (4): 387–98. PMC 6741679 . PMID 11830756. doi:10.1111/j.1527-3458.2001.tb00206.x.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 McKenna, JM and Muller, GW.
^ Myeku, Natura. Tau-driven 26S proteasome impairment and cognitive dysfunction can be prevented early in disease by activating cAMP-PKA signaling.. Nature Medicine. December 21, 2015, 22 (1): 46–53. PMC 4787271 . PMID 26692334. doi:10.1038/nm.4011.
^ Phosphodiesterase 4-targeted treatments for autoimmune diseases. BMC Med. Apr 2013, 11 (1): 96. PMC 3616808 . PMID 23557064. doi:10.1186/1741-7015-11-96.
^ Phosphodiesterases as therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease. ACS Chem Neurosci. Nov 2012, 3 (11): 832–44. PMC 3503343 . PMID 23173065. doi:10.1021/cn3000907.
^ Neuroenhancement: status quo and perspectives. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. Nov 2008, 258 (Suppl 5): 110–4. PMID 18985306. doi:10.1007/s00406-008-5022-2.
^ The role of cyclic AMP signaling in promoting axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol. Feb 2008, 209 (2): 321–32. PMC 2692909 . PMID 17720160. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.06.020.
^ Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for the treatment of asthma and COPD. Curr. Med. Chem. 2006, 13 (27): 3253–62. PMID 17168849. doi:10.2174/092986706778773040.

[PK-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Krause, W; Kühne, G; Sauerbrey, N. Pharmacokinetics of (+)-rolipram and (−)-rolipram in healthy volunteers. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1990, 38 (1): 71–75. PMID 2328751. S2CID 25683209. doi:10.1007/BF00314807.

[Zhu_387–98-2] Zhu, J; Mix, E; Winblad, B. The antidepressant and antiinflammatory effects of rolipram in the central nervous system.. CNS Drug Reviews. Winter 2001, 7 (4): 387–98. PMC 6741679 . PMID 11830756. doi:10.1111/j.1527-3458.2001.tb00206.x.

[McKenna-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 McKenna, JM and Muller, GW.

[Myeku_46-53-4] Myeku, Natura. Tau-driven 26S proteasome impairment and cognitive dysfunction can be prevented early in disease by activating cAMP-PKA signaling.. Nature Medicine. December 21, 2015, 22 (1): 46–53. PMC 4787271 . PMID 26692334. doi:10.1038/nm.4011.

[5] Phosphodiesterase 4-targeted treatments for autoimmune diseases. BMC Med. Apr 2013, 11 (1): 96. PMC 3616808 . PMID 23557064. doi:10.1186/1741-7015-11-96.

[6] Phosphodiesterases as therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease. ACS Chem Neurosci. Nov 2012, 3 (11): 832–44. PMC 3503343 . PMID 23173065. doi:10.1021/cn3000907.

[7] Neuroenhancement: status quo and perspectives. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. Nov 2008, 258 (Suppl 5): 110–4. PMID 18985306. doi:10.1007/s00406-008-5022-2.

[8] The role of cyclic AMP signaling in promoting axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol. Feb 2008, 209 (2): 321–32. PMC 2692909 . PMID 17720160. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.06.020.

[9] Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for the treatment of asthma and COPD. Curr. Med. Chem. 2006, 13 (27): 3253–62. PMID 17168849. doi:10.2174/092986706778773040.

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