2013年3月11日,尼日利亞中央銀行(Central Bank of Nigeria)行長拉米多·薩努西(英语:Sanusi Lamido Sanusi)在《金融時報》上寫道:“中國買走我們的初級產品,再把製成品賣給我們。從本質上說,這也是殖民主義。」[2][3]對此,北京大學國際關係學院教授朱鋒表示:「中國在非洲沒有一個軍事顧問、沒有一個軍事基地、也沒有任何士兵,既不像英美那樣明目張膽的殖民非洲,也沒有像前蘇聯那樣、用提供軍事顧問的方法來操縱非洲政府。但事實是,中國在亞非等國憑藉著其經濟與國際優勢,逐步的在許多國家內部發揮影響力,1979年早已派軍事顧問在坦尚尼亞,提供武器資源協助坦國對外作戰。2017年中國在「非洲之角」國家吉布地成立首個且唯一的海外軍事基地。[4]。」
^Prashad, Vijay. The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World. New York: The New Press. 2007: 233. The IMF urged the indebted nations to submit themselves to complete integration in the world capitalist system, and not try to create either autarkic modes of economic protection or even reforms to privilege domestic development. Rather than deal with the short-term balance-of-payments crisis for what it was, the IMF in the 1970 used the financial crisis as the means to demand deep shifts in the political and economic arrangements devised by the Third World. In other words, the IMF went after every policy initiated by its fellow international agency, UNCTAD.