石磺科

石磺科; Onchidiidae
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	软体动物门 Mollusca
纲：	腹足纲 Gastropoda
演化支：	直腹足类 Orthogastropoda
演化支：	后生腹足类 Apogastropoda
亚纲：	异鳃亚纲 Heterobranchia
下纲：	直神经下纲 Euthyneura
群：	脊侧群 Tectipleura
亚群：	泛有肺亚群 Panpulmonata
总目：	真有肺总目 Eupulmonata
（未分级）：	收眼类 Systellommatophora
总科：	石磺总科 Onchidioidea
科：	石磺科 Onchidiidae; Rafinesque, 1815
属
	见内文
异名
	Hoffmannolidae Starobogatov, 1976; Onchidinidae Starobogatov, 1976; Onchidellidae Labbé, 1934; Peroniidae Keferstein, 1865; Peroninidae Starobogatov, 1976; Platevindecidae Starobogatov, 1976; Quoyellidae Starobogatov, 1976; Scaphidae Labbé, 1934 ;

石磺科（学名：Onchidiidae）是一种体型细小、会呼吸空气的海蛞蝓与陆地蛞蝓，缩柄眼目之下的一个科。除了五个属以外，其馀各属均没有螺壳^[2]的有肺类腹足纲软体动物。本科是石磺总科（Onchidioidea）之下唯一一个科，而且之下也没有再细分为亚科^[3]。

特征[编辑]

卵圆形身体，长4－5厘米，无壳；体外被有灰褐色革质外套膜，眼睛位于触角顶端，或眼多排列于背上；鳃成树枝状，突出体的后部；肛门旁有呼吸孔与肺相通，出水则打开，入水则闭合。^[4]

分布[编辑]

主要分布于中国大陆、台湾^[5]，常栖息在潮间带礁岩区^[5]。

下级分类[编辑]

本科包括以下属：

Alionchis
Goulding & Dayrat, 2018
- Alionchis jailoloensis Goulding & Dayrat, 2018^[6]
- Alionchis meriakrii (Stantschinsky, 1907)
Hoffmannola Strand, 1932
Laspionchis
Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
- Laspionchis boucheti Dayrat & Goulding, 2019^[6]
- Laspionchis bourkei Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
Marmaronchis
Dayrat & Goulding, 2018
- Marmaronchis marmoratus (Lesson, 1831)
- Marmaronchis vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)^[6]
Melayonchis
Dayrat & Goulding, 2017
- Melayonchis aileenae Dayrat & Goulding, 2017
- Melayonchis annae Dayrat, 2017
- Melayonchis eberlyi Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
- Melayonchis eloisae Dayrat, 2017^[6]
- Melayonchis siongkiati Dayrat & Goulding, 2017
- Melayonchis tillieri Dayrat, 2019
Onchidella
J.E. Gray, 1850
- Onchidella accrensis (Plate, 1893)
- Onchidella armadilla (Mörch, 1863)
- Onchidella binneyi Stearns, 1894
- Onchidella borealis Dall, 1872
- Onchidella brattstroemi Ev.Marcus, 1978
- Onchidella carpenteri (W.G.Binney, 1860)
- Onchidella celtica (Audouin & Milne-Edwards, 1832)
- Onchidella celtica (Cuvier, 1817)
- Onchidella celtica (Forbes & Hanley, 1852)
- Onchidella evelinae Er.Marcus & J.B.Burch, 1965
- Onchidella floridana (Dall, 1885)
- Onchidella (Hoffmannola) hansi (Ev. Marcus and Er. Marcus, 1967)^[7]
- Onchidella incisa (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
- Onchidella indolens (Couthouy, 1852)
- Onchidella kurodai (Iw.Taki, 1935)
- Onchidella maculata (Plate, 1893)
- Onchidella marginata (Couthouy, 1852)
- Onchidella miusha Ev.Marcus, 1978
- Onchidella monodi (Gabe, Prenant & Sourie, 1951)
- Onchidella nigricans (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)^[7]
- Onchidella oniscioides (Blainville, 1816)
- Onchidella orientalis (Iw.Taki, 1935)
- Onchidella pachyderma (Plate, 1893)
- Onchidella patelloide
- Onchidella philippei Ev.Marcus, 1979
- Onchidella reticulata (C.Semper, 1880)
- Onchidella souriei (Gabe & Prenant, 1955)
- Onchidella steindachneri (C.Semper, 1882)
- Onchidella wah Ev.Marcus, 1978
- Oncidiella tabularis Tapparone Canefri, 1883
Onchidina
C. Semper, 1882
- Onchidina australis (C.Semper, 1880)^[6]
- Onchidina guineensis (Labbé, 1934)
石磺属 Onchidium Buchannan, 1800
Paromoionchis
Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
- Paromoionchis boholensis Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
- Paromoionchis daemelii (C.Semper, 1880)
- Paromoionchis goslineri Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
- Paromoionchis penangensis Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
- Paromoionchis tumidus (C.Semper, 1880)^[6]
Peronia J. Fleming, 1822
Peronia J. Fleming, 1822
Peronina
Plate, 1893
- Peronina tenera (Stoliczka, 1869)^[6]
- Peronina zulfigari Goulding & Dayrat, 2018
Platevindex
H. B. Baker, 1938
- Platevindex amboinae (Plate, 1893)
- Platevindex applanatus (Simroth, 1920)
- Platevindex aptei Goulding & Dayrat, 2021
- Platevindex burnupi (Collinge, 1902)
- Platevindex cinereus (Odhner, 1917)
- Platevindex coriaceus (C.Semper, 1882)^[6]
- Platevindex latus (Plate, 1893)
- Platevindex luteus (C.Semper, 1882)
- Platevindex martensi (Plate, 1893)
- Platevindex mortoni Britton, 1984
- Platevindex tigrinus (Stoliczka, 1869)
Semperoncis
Starobogatov, 1976
- Semperoncis glaber (C.Semper, 1880)
- Semperoncis huberti (Labbé, 1934)
- Semperoncis montanus (Plate, 1893)^[6]
- Semperoncis ponsonbyi (Collinge, 1901)
Wallaconchis
Goulding & Dayrat, 2018
- Wallaconchis achleitneri Goulding, 2018
- Wallaconchis ater (Lesson, 1831)
- Wallaconchis buetschlii (Stantschinsky, 1907)
- Wallaconchis comendadori Goulding & Dayrat, 2018
- Wallaconchis fungiformis (Stantschinsky, 1907)
- Wallaconchis gracilis (Stantschinsky, 1907)
- Wallaconchis graniferus (C.Semper, 1880)
- Wallaconchis melanesiensis Goulding & Dayrat, 2018
- Wallaconchis nangkauriensis (Plate, 1893)
- Wallaconchis ovalis (C.Semper, 1880)
- Wallaconchis simrothi (Plate, 1893)
- Wallaconchis sinanui Goulding & Dayrat, 2018^[6]
- Wallaconchis uncinus Goulding & Dayrat, 2018

参考文献[编辑]

^ Rafinesque C. S. (1815). Analyse de la nature ou tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés. Palerme, 223 pp., page 142.
^ 引证错误：没有为名为Dayrat 2009的参考文献提供内容
^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814.
^ https://twitter.com/hy_minutus/status/1520714058080477185. Twitter. [2022-05-02]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-02）（中文）. 外部链接存在于|title= (帮助)
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 国际贝库：石磺. 台湾贝类资料库. [2009-08-11]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）.
^ ^6.00 ^6.01 ^6.02 ^6.03 ^6.04 ^6.05 ^6.06 ^6.07 ^6.08 ^6.09 Tricia C. Goulding, Munawar Khalil, Shau Hwai Tan, Rebecca A. Cumming and Benoît Dayrat. 2022. Global Diversification and Evolutionary History of Onchidiid Slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press, 107360. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107360
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 Tricia C. Goulding, Munawar Khalil, Shau Hwai Tan, Rebecca A. Cumming and Benoît Dayrat. 2022. Global Diversification and Evolutionary History of Onchidiid Slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press, 107360. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107360

引证错误：在<references>标签中name属性为“WoRMS_1773”的参考文献没有在文中使用

延伸阅读[编辑]

Britton K. M. The Onchidiacea (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) of Hong Kong with a worldwide review of the genera. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 1984, 50 (3): 179–191. abstract.

外部链接[编辑]

Onchidiidae. NCBI （英语）.

[1] Rafinesque C. S. (1815). Analyse de la nature ou tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés. Palerme, 223 pp., page 142.

[Dayrat_2009-2] 引证错误：没有为名为Dayrat 2009的参考文献提供内容

[Bouchet_2005-3] Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814.

[4] ttps://twitter.com/hy_minutus/status/1520714058080477185. Twitter. [2022-05-02]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-02）（中文）. 外部链接存在于|title= (帮助)

[shell_1862-5] 5.0 ^5.1 国际贝库：石磺. 台湾贝类资料库. [2009-08-11]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）.

[Tricia-6] 6.00 ^6.01 ^6.02 ^6.03 ^6.04 ^6.05 ^6.06 ^6.07 ^6.08 ^6.09 Tricia C. Goulding, Munawar Khalil, Shau Hwai Tan, Rebecca A. Cumming and Benoît Dayrat. 2022. Global Diversification and Evolutionary History of Onchidiid Slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press, 107360. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107360

[Goulding-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Tricia C. Goulding, Munawar Khalil, Shau Hwai Tan, Rebecca A. Cumming and Benoît Dayrat. 2022. Global Diversification and Evolutionary History of Onchidiid Slugs (Gastropoda, Pulmonata). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press, 107360. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107360

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