跳转到内容

2015年爱尔兰修宪公民投票

维基百科,自由的百科全书
2015年第三十四条宪法修正案(婚姻平等)
2015年5月22日 (2015-05-22)

结果
票数 %
同意 1,201,607 62.07%
不同意 734,300 37.93%
有效票 1,935,907 99.29%
无效或空白票 13,818 0.71%
总票数 1,949,725 100.00%
已登记选民/投票率 3,221,681 60.52%
2015年第三十五条宪法修正案(总统候选人年龄资格)
2015年5月22日 (2015-05-22)

结果
票数 %
同意 520,898 26.94%
不同意 1,412,602 73.06%
有效票 1,933,500 99.18%
无效或空白票 15,938 0.82%
总票数 1,949,438 100.00%
已登记选民/投票率 3,221,681 60.51%

2015年爱尔兰修宪公民投票是爱尔兰政府于2015年5月22日在全国举办的涉及两项拟议修正案的公民投票[1]两项修正案分别是第三十四号修正案:婚姻不分性别,第三十五号修正案:将爱尔兰总统候选人的最低年龄由原来的35岁降低至21岁。[2]

同性婚姻

[编辑]

背景

[编辑]

2006年12月,爱尔兰高等法院裁定:上议员Katherine Zappone和她的同性伴侣Ann Louise Gilligan不可以享受爱尔兰税法当中的夫妻报税优惠,因为爱尔兰宪法规定婚姻只能是一男一女的结合,就算她们在承认同性婚姻的加拿大已经办理结婚手续,但婚姻仍不被爱尔兰方面承认[3]。2011年大选之后,爱尔兰统一党爱尔兰工党组成联合政府。之后联合政府为兑现之前的选举承诺,成立了一个宪法委员会来研究同性婚姻的可行性。2013年5月,委员会以微弱多数通过动议,建议政府推动修宪承认同性婚姻[4]。同年12月,爱尔兰总理恩达·肯尼表示,会在2015年5月22号就相关议题进行全民公投[5]

公投问题

[编辑]

下议院委员会阶段通过的爱尔兰盖尔语条文是:

Féadfaidh beirt, gan beann ar a ngnéas, conradh pósta a dhéanamh de réir dlí.

下议院辩论阶段通过的英文版条文是:

Marriage may be contracted in accordance with law by two persons without distinction as to their sex.

翻译成中文的意思是:

婚姻可以依两个性别无差异的人的意愿而依法构成。

根据爱尔兰《官方语言法》,当爱尔兰盖尔文版本同英文版本意思冲突的时候,以爱尔兰盖尔文版本为准。因此,当委员会辩论结束,公投条文第一次公布之后,记者兼专栏作家布鲁斯·阿诺德在《爱尔兰时报》上边发表文章,指出爱尔兰盖尔文版本容易引起歧义,令人认为“只有同性可以结婚,异性就不行”[6]。最后下议院辩论阶段后将条文修改成第二个版本:

Féadfaidh beirt, cibé acu is fir nó mná iad, conradh a dhéanamh i leith pósadh de réir dlí.

翻译成中文的意思是:

婚姻可以依两个人的意愿而依法构成,不论他们是不是同性都可以。[7]


结果

[编辑]

该提议得到了政府以及所有主要政党的支持,[8][9][10]并获得62.07%选民的赞成。[11]

2015年宪法第三十四条修正案草案
选项 票数 %
Referendum passed 支持 1,201,607 62.07
反对 734,300 37.93
有效票 1,935,907 99.29
无效或空白票 13,818 0.71
总票数 1,949,725 100.00
已登记选民及投票率 3,221,681 60.52
各选区选民投票意向统计图。注意:全民公投是全国统一计票,所以各选区的选民意向只作为统计数据用。
  72.5%–75%
  70%–72.49%
  67.5%–69.99%
  65%–67.49%
  62.5%–64.99%
  60%–62.49%
  57.5%–59.99%
  55%–57.49%
  52.5%–54.99%
  50%–52.49%
  48.58%
各选区结果[12][13]
选区 选民 投票率(%) 票数 票数比例
支持 反对 支持 反对
Carlow–Kilkenny 104,735 65.43% 38,166 29,697 56.24% 43.76%
Cavan–Monaghan 99,265 57.19% 28,494 27,763 50.65% 49.35%
Clare 81,809 59.44% 28,137 20,154 58.27% 41.73%
Cork East 81,534 60.90% 30,383 18,845 61.70% 38.30%
Cork North-Central 75,263 59.87% 28,479 16,182 63.77% 36.23%
Cork North-West 62,118 62.80% 22,388 16,298 57.90% 42.10%
Cork South-Central 92,422 63.86% 38,591 20,072 65.78% 34.22%
Cork South-West 59,813 61.70% 20,627 16,225 56.00% 44.00%
Donegal North-East 59,721 51.44% 16,040 14,492 52.46% 47.54%
Donegal South-West 62,171 51.98% 15,907 15,874 50.05% 49.95%
Dublin Central 57,193 57.98% 23,861 9,108 72.37% 27.63%
Dublin Mid-West 67,091 63.39% 29,984 12,291 70.93% 29.07%
Dublin North 72,523 65.83% 34,494 13,009 72.61% 27.39%
Dublin North-Central 53,785 68.85% 25,382 11,431 68.95% 31.05%
Dublin North-East 59,549 66.38% 26,222 13,090 66.70% 33.30%
Dublin North-West 50,943 59.64% 20,919 8,814 70.36% 29.64%
Dublin South 103,969 69.24% 49,109 21,150 69.90% 30.10%
Dublin South-Central 80,406 60.56% 34,988 13,418 72.28% 27.72%
Dublin South-East 59,376 58.02% 25,655 8,594 74.91% 25.09%
Dublin South-West 71,232 63.41% 32,010 12,901 71.27% 28.73%
Dublin West 65,643 64.36% 29,690 12,350 70.62% 29.38%
Dún Laoghaire 80,176 67.05% 38,284 15,168 71.62% 28.38%
Galway East 85,900 56.01% 25,389 22,265 53.28% 46.72%
Galway West 95,180 55.18% 32,037 20,053 61.50% 38.50%
Kerry North–West Limerick 62,523 57.21% 19,678 15,808 55.45% 44.55%
Kerry South 57,524 58.19% 18,357 14,831 55.31% 44.69%
Kildare North 79,014 62.05% 33,960 14,782 69.67% 30.33%
Kildare South 60,384 58.41% 23,199 11,861 66.17% 33.83%
Laois–Offaly 108,436 58.37% 35,685 27,135 56.81% 43.19%
Limerick 64,100 58.51% 20,322 16,797 54.75% 45.25%
Limerick City 61,421 63.30% 24,789 13,855 64.15% 35.85%
Longford–Westmeath 87,425 54.77% 25,445 22,025 53.60% 46.40%
Louth 102,561 59.92% 38,758 22,313 63.46% 36.54%
Mayo 97,296 57.48% 28,801 26,566 52.02% 47.98%
Meath East 64,956 59.68% 24,525 14,025 63.62% 36.38%
Meath West 63,649 56.28% 21,374 14,189 60.10% 39.90%
Roscommon–South Leitrim 59,392 61.49% 17,615 18,644 48.58% 51.42%
Sligo–North Leitrim 62,031 57.78% 19,043 16,502 53.57% 46.43%
Tipperary North 62,233 62.50% 22,077 18,298 54.68% 45.32%
Tipperary South 56,060 59.30% 19,203 15,012 54.69% 45.31%
Waterford 79,669 59.37% 28,313 18,620 60.33% 39.67%
Wexford 111,474 57.82% 40,692 23,298 63.59% 36.41%
Wicklow 94,275 68.77% 44,059 20,382 68.37% 31.63%
总计 3,206,151 60.52% 1,201,607 734,300 62.07% 37.93%

亮点

[编辑]
  • 这次公投,有大量移居海外,但是保留爱尔兰国籍的爱尔兰人专程回到爱尔兰投票。他们在社交网站上用“#HometoVote”(“回家投票”)这个标签[14]
  • Roscommon–South Leitrim选区是唯一一个反对票多过赞成票的选区。
  • 由于爱尔兰是第一个公投表决同性婚姻并获多数人支持的国家,因此这次公投案吸引到不少国际媒体注意。

总统候选人年龄

[编辑]

公投问题

[编辑]

下议院辩论阶段通过的爱尔兰盖尔文条文是:

Is intofa chun oifig an Uachtaráin gach saoránach ag a bhfuil bliain agus fiche slán.

英文版的条文是:

Every citizen who has reached the age of twenty-one years is eligible for election to the office of President.

翻译成中文的意思是:

每一个年龄达到二十一岁的公民都有资格参选爱尔兰总统。

结果

[编辑]

选民否决了将总统候选人年龄由35岁降低至21岁的提案[15]

2015年宪法第三十五条修正案草案
选项 票数 %
Referendum failed 反对 1,412,602 73.06
支持 520,898 26.94
有效票 1,933,500 99.18
无效或空白票 15,938 0.82
总票数 1,949,438 100.00
已登记选民及投票率 3,221,681 60.52

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ Ireland Sets Date For Same Sex Marriage Vote. Sky News. 2015-02-20 [2015-05-29]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-04). 
  2. ^ Wording of same-sex marriage referendum published. RTÉ.ie. 2015-01-21 [2015-01-26]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-21). 
  3. ^ Zappone & Anor -v- Revenue Commissioners & Ors. Judgments. Courts Service of Ireland: [2006] IEHC 404. [2015-01-23]. (原始内容存档于2015-01-23). 
  4. ^ Same-sex marriage report submitted to Government by Convention on the Constitution. Constitutional Convention. 2013-07-02 [2013-08-14]. (原始内容存档于2013-08-22). 
  5. ^ Third Report of the Constitutional Convention - Same-Sex Marriage: Statements. Dáil Éireann debates: 35. 2013-12-17 [2014-02-03]. (原始内容存档于2014-02-21). 
  6. ^ Arnold, Bruce. Uncertainty in wording of ‘marriage equality’ Bill seriously threatens Constitution. The Irish Times. 2015-02-20 [2015-03-05]. (原始内容存档于2015-02-20). 
  7. ^ Wording of same-sex marriage referendum published. RTÉ. 2015-01-21 [2015-05-29]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-21). 
  8. ^ Sheahan, Fionnan. Government to call for Yes vote for gay marriage. Irish Independent. 2013-11-05 [2013-11-06]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-24). 
  9. ^ Fine Gael will take stance on gay marriage, says Kenny. Independent.ie. 2014-02-10 [2015-05-29]. (原始内容存档于2018-08-09). 
  10. ^ Fine Gael says ‘yes’ to same-sex marriage but ‘no’ to legalising cannabis. TheJournal.ie. 2014-03-01 [2015-05-29]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-31). 
  11. ^ Results received at the Central Count Centre for the referendum on the Thirty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution (Marriage Equality) Bill 2015.. Referendum Ireland. 2015-05-23 [2015-05-29]. (原始内容存档于2015-08-09). 
  12. ^ Thirty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution (Marriage Equality) Bill 2015. Referendum Commission. May 2015 [4 June 2015]. (原始内容存档于2015-05-26). 
  13. ^ Referendum Results 1937–2015 (PDF). Department of Housing, Planning and Local Government: 93. [26 April 2018]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-12-20). 
  14. ^ As Ireland Voted For Same-Sex Marriage, Thousands of Expats Came #Hometovote. 华尔街日报. 2013-05-23 [2015-05-23]. (原始内容存档于2015-05-24). 
  15. ^ url=存档副本. [2015-05-23]. (原始内容存档于2015-07-29).