盖格人
外观
盖格人 Gegët | |
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总人口 | |
未知 | |
分布地区 | |
北阿尔巴尼亚(盖格里亚)、科索沃、北马其顿、黑山 | |
语言 | |
盖格方言 | |
宗教信仰 | |
伊斯兰教(逊尼派)、基督教(天主教) |
盖格人(阿尔巴尼亚语:Gegët)是阿尔巴尼亚人的两个主要族群之一,另一个是托斯克人,他们在文化、方言、社会和宗教特征上存在一些小的差异。盖格人分布在阿尔巴尼亚北部(什昆宾河以北地区)、科索沃、北马其顿、塞尔维亚和黑山。盖格人讲盖格方言,这是阿尔巴尼亚语的两大方言之一(另一种是托斯克方言)。盖格人的社会组织传统上是部落制的,存在几个不同的盖格部落群体[1]。
15世纪初,奥斯曼帝国征服并统治了托斯克人居住的南部地区,而盖格人居住的领土则在20世纪初才受到奥斯曼帝国常规行政管理的影响。因此,盖格人的发展与托斯克人相对隔绝。同样,盖格人的伊斯兰化也不完全,阿尔巴尼亚西北部仍有大量天主教徒。由于盖格部落在阿尔巴尼亚北部的抵抗更为顽强,奥斯曼帝国未能完全征服这些部落。为此,奥斯曼帝国实施拜拉克塔尔体系,授予拜拉克塔尔(旗首)一些特权,以换取他们动员地方武装支持奥斯曼军队的军事行动[2][3][4][5]。
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Piotr Eberhardt. Ethnic Groups and Population Changes in Twentieth-century Central-Eastern Europe: History, Data, and Analysis. M.E. Sharpe. January 2003: 433 [13 July 2013]. ISBN 978-0-7656-1833-7.
The Albanians comprise two ethnic subgroups: the Ghegs, who generally occupy the area north of the Shkumbin river; and the Tosks, most of whom live south of the river.
- ^ Barringer, Herbert. Social Change in Developing Areas: A Reinterpretation of Evolutionary Theory
. Schenkman Publishing Company. 1965: 214 [15 March 2020].
- ^ Monika Shehi. When East Meets West: Examining Classroom Discourse at the Albanian Socio-political Intersection. 2007: 43 [13 July 2013]. ISBN 978-0-549-12813-7.
There were and there remain distinct cultural and linguistic differences between Albanian Ghegs and Tosks
[永久失效链接] - ^ Hugh Poulton; Suha. Taji Faruqi. Muslim Identity and the Balkan State. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. January 1997: 117 [13 July 2013]. ISBN 978-1-85065-276-2.
the two ethnic sub-groups to which Albanians actually belong: the Ghegs in the north and the Tosks in the south... The Ghegs and Tosks differ from each other in linguistic, historical-cultural and socio-religious character.
- ^ Richard C. Frucht. Eastern Europe: An Introduction to the People, Lands, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. 2005: 698 [15 July 2013]. ISBN 978-1-57607-800-6.
Thus the Tosks and the Ghegs evolved virtually in isolation until Albania obtained its independence.