阴茎异常勃起
外观
阴茎异常勃起 | |
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庞贝古城的普里阿普斯壁画 | |
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类型 | 阴茎疾病[*]、周围血管损伤[*]、疾病 |
分类和外部资源 | |
医学专科 | 泌尿外科、急诊医学 |
ICD-11 | GB06.1 |
ICD-9-CM | 607.3 |
DiseasesDB | 25148 |
MedlinePlus | 003166 |
eMedicine | 437237 |
阴茎异常勃起(priapism)是一种不正常阴茎勃起状态,在这种状态下阴茎虽然没有受到与性欲相关的刺激,却无法自然恢复疲软状态。一般与性欲无关的勃起持续四小时即算是异常勃起,这个时间标准得到医学家的认可,较少以六个小时为标准的划分方法。一般可分为低流血量和高流血量性阴茎异常勃起这两种,成因分别是静脉阻塞和动脉血注入,而80%到90%的病例都属于前一种[3]。
病因
[编辑]其病因至今尚未明晰,但可以肯定的是,它至少与神经与血管相关,例如镰刀型红血球疾病就被认为是病因之一。此外阴茎异常勃起还可能与葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症有关,后者将导致烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸缺乏,继而形成一氧化氮,而一氧化氮被认为可能是阴茎异常勃起的成因之一。[4]而腺苷水平提高会导致血管扩张,继而诱发阴茎异常勃起。[5]
针对镰刀型红血球疾病引起的阴茎异常勃起,高压氧疗法在一些患者身上取得过成效。[6]一些狂犬病患者也曾出现阴茎异常勃起的症状。最常见的导致此病的药物是用于海绵窦内注射的药物,如罂粟碱和前列地尔。有记录的可诱发阴茎异常勃起的药物还有降压药、安定药、抗抑郁剂(曲唑酮)、抗惊厥剂、心境稳定剂、[7]抗凝血剂和娱乐毒品(酒精、海洛因和可卡因)。斑蝥等一些昆虫的咬伤也可能会造成阴茎异常勃起。PDE-5抑制剂是现在常用的阴茎异常勃起预防药。[8][9]
参见
[编辑]参考文献
[编辑]- ^ OED 2nd edition, 1989 as /ˈpraɪəpɪz(ə)m/.
- ^ Definition of PRIAPISM. www.merriam-webster.com. [7 March 2017]. (原始内容存档于2017-06-06) (英语).
- ^ PRIAPISM – ETIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, C. VAN DER HORST, HENRIK STUEBINGER, CHRISTOPH SEIF, DIETHILD MELCHIOR, F.J. MARTÍNEZ-PORTILLO, K.P. JUENEMANN; http://www.scielo.br/pdf/ibju/v29n5/18554.pdf (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ Finley, David S. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency associated stuttering priapism: report of a case. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2008-12, 5 (12): 2963–2966 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 1743-6109. PMID 18823322. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.01007.x. (原始内容存档于2022-05-06).
- ^ Mi, Tiejuan; Abbasi, Shahrzad; Zhang, Hong; Uray, Karen; Chunn, Janci L.; Xia, Ling Wei; Molina, Jose G.; Weisbrodt, Norman W.; Kellems, Rodney E. Excess adenosine in murine penile erectile tissues contributes to priapism via A2B adenosine receptor signaling. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2008-04-01, 118 (4): 1491–1501. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 2267015
. PMID 18340377. doi:10.1172/JCI33467.
- ^ Macaluso JN. Priapism: Update for the non-urologist. Sexual Medicine Today. 1985, 9: 11–15.
- ^ Bansal, Shwetank; Gupta, Sumit Kumar. Sodium Valproate induced priapism in an adult with bipolar affective disorder. Indian Journal of Pharmacology. 2013, 45 (6): 629–630. ISSN 0253-7613. PMC 3847259
. PMID 24347777. doi:10.4103/0253-7613.121383.
- ^ Burnett, Arthur L.; Bivalacqua, Trinity J.; Champion, Hunter C.; Musicki, Biljana. Long-term oral phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor therapy alleviates recurrent priapism. Urology. 2006-05, 67 (5): 1043–1048 [2020-08-28]. ISSN 1527-9995. PMID 16698365. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2005.11.045. (原始内容存档于2022-03-13).
- ^ Burnett, Arthur L.; Bivalacqua, Trinity J.; Champion, Hunter C.; Musicki, Biljana. Feasibility of the use of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in a pharmacologic prevention program for recurrent priapism. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2006-11, 3 (6): 1077–1084 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 1743-6095. PMID 17100941. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2006.00333.x. (原始内容存档于2021-02-11).
扩展阅读
[编辑]- Beers MH, Berkow R (Eds.) (1999). The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy (17 ed.). Whitehouse Station: Merck Research Laboratories. ISBN 0-911910-10-7
- Therapeutic Guidelines Limited (2001). Therapeutic Guidelines: Endocrinology (2 ed.). North Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited. ISSN 1327-9505
- Guidelines on management of priapism - American Urological Association website
- Priapism Primer: Priapism (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Macaluso JN: Priapism (letter). Urology. 25:335, 1985
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