Wikipedia:格式手册/列表

Purpose of lists

Lists on Wikipedia have three main purposes:

Information

The list may be a valuable information source. This is particularly the case for a structured list. Examples would include lists organized chronologically, grouped by theme, or annotated lists.

Navigation

If the user is browsing without a specific research goal in mind, they would likely use the See also lists. If the user has a specific research goal in mind, and there is only one or two words that are used to describe the research topic, and they know exactly how to spell the word, they would probably use the search engine box. If the user has some general idea of what they are looking for but does not know the specific terminology, they would tend to use the lists of related topics (also called list of links to related articles).

Development

Some lists are useful for Wikipedia development purposes. The lists of related topics give an indication of the state of the 'pedia, the articles that have been written, and the articles that have yet to be written.

Like categories, lists can be used for keeping track of changes in the listed pages, using the Related Changes feature. Unlike a category, a list also allows detection of deletion of pages from it, and, more generally, a history of its contents is available.

List styles

There are three common ways of presenting lists on Wikipedia:

Unordered (bullet) lists

The format is:

== Title of list ==
* example 1
* example 2
* example 3

Title of list

• example 1
• example 2
• example 3

Do not capitalize list items and do not put a punctuation mark such as a period, a comma or a semi-colon at the end, except if a list item is one or more full sentences, in which case there is a period at the end. (However, see Wikipedia:Manual of Style (disambiguation pages) for information pertaining specifically to lists on disambiguation pages.)

This style is appropriate for long lists, or lists of entries which consist of both a link and explanatory text. Also, it is appropriate when the article already has several titles and/or subtitles.

The Title provides a direct edit point, if one enables section editing. It also enables the automatic table of contents system to detect the list. It is not required, though.

Many Wikipedians feel it is easiest to read.

Ordered (numeric) lists

Similar to the above, use a # symbol to obtain a numbered list. The format is:

== Title of list ==
# example 1
# example 2
# example 3

Title of list

1. example 1
2. example 2
3. example 3

Streamlined style or horizontal style

The format is:

Title of list: Example 1, Example 2, Example 3

The style requires less space on the page, and is preferred if there are only a few entries in the list, it can be read easily, and a direct edit point is not required.

Definition lists

The format is:

; term 1 : definition 1	 
; term 2 : definition 2	 
; term 3 : definition 3	 

term 1

definition 1

term 2

definition 2

term 3

definition 3

Use these real definition lists instead of fake ones like

* term — definition

• term — definition

or

* term: definition

• term: definition

In many cases tables are better suited than definition lists.

Tables

Although the use of tables to display lists is discouraged (because it introduces unnecessarily complex code and makes editing difficult), there are some instances where they can be useful, such as when three columns and more are required. See Wikipedia:How to use tables

Types of lists

A list can stand alone as a self contained page, or it can be embedded in an article.

• Stand-alone lists, or "lists of links" are entries consisting of a list of links to articles in a particular subject area, such as people or places or a timeline of events. The title of these entries always begin with list of or timeline of. The title and bullet style or vertical style is common for this type of list. These Wikipedia entries follow the Wikipedia:Lists (stand-alone lists).
• Embedded lists are either included in the article or appended to the end of articles. They present information or aid in navigation to related articles. Some examples include: See also lists, Compare lists, Related topics lists, and Reference lists (also called External links). To see how to include a list in an article, go to Wikipedia:Lists (embedded lists)

Boilerplate text

Before an incomplete list, insert the following boilerplate text:

Type {{expand list}} to substitute this boilerplate text in automatically.

Alternatively, use {{stublist}} at the foot of the page to invite readers to add new content, especially on mostly empty lists:

See also

• Wikipedia:Template messages
• Wikipedia:Categorization policy (a draft)