鸭子测试
维基百科，自由的百科全书
鸭子测试（Duck Test）是对一种归纳推理方式的幽默的说法。它可以解释为：
如果它看起来像鸭子，游泳像鸭子，叫声像鸭子，那么它可能就是只鸭子。
这个测试表明人能够通过观察未知事物的明显外在特征来推断该事物的本质。有时被用来解决看似深奥但其实并不深奥的问题。
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历史 [编辑]
美国印第安纳诗人詹姆斯·惠特科姆·莱利（1849-1916）可能发明了这个说法。他写道：“当我看到一只鸟，它走路像鸭子，游泳像鸭子，叫声像鸭子，我就称其为鸭子。” [1] [2] [3]
这个词后来因理查德·坎宁安·帕特森二世而在美国流行开来。帕特森是1950年冷战时期美国驻危地马拉大使，他使用这个说法指责哈科沃·阿本斯·古斯曼政府是共产主义政府。帕特森解释他的理由如下：
Suppose you see a bird walking around in a farm yard. This bird has no label that says 'duck'. But the bird certainly looks like a duck. Also, he goes to the pond and you notice that he swims like a duck. Then he opens his beak and quacks like a duck. Well, by this time you have probably reached the conclusion that the bird is a duck, whether he's wearing a label or not."[4]
参见 [编辑]
注释 [编辑]
- ^ Davis, Robin S. Who's Sitting on Your Nest Egg?. : 7.
- ^ Heim, Michael. Exploring Indiana Highways. : 68.
- ^ Davis, Robin S. Who's Sitting on Your Nest Egg?. : 7.
- ^ Immerman, 1982, p. 102
参考文献 [编辑]
- Christy, Howard Chandler, The complete works of James Whitcomb Riley. 1982
- Denver, Joseph, Cushing of Boston: A Candid Portrait. 1965
- Immerman, Richard H., The CIA in Guatemala: The Foreign Policy of Intervention, Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press. 1982
