跳转到内容

硝酸钛

维基百科,自由的百科全书
硝酸钛


硝酸钛的球棍模型[1][2]

别名 硝酸钛(IV)
识别
CAS号 12372-56-4  checkY
13860-02-1  checkY
PubChem 139314
ChemSpider 8123716 checkY
SMILES
 
  • [Ti](O[N+]([O-])=O)(O[N+]([O-])=O)(O[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O
InChI
 
  • 1S/4NO3.Ti/c4*2-1(3)4;/q4*-1;+4
InChIKey QDZRBIRIPNZRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
性质
化学式 Ti(NO3)4
外观 白色挥发性固体
密度 2.192 g/cm3[3]
熔点 58 °C[4]
沸点 分解
溶解性 反应[5]
结构[6]
晶体结构 单斜晶系
空间群 P21/C
晶格常数 a = 7.80, b = 13.57, c = 10.34 Å
晶格常数 α = 90°, β = 125·0°, γ = 90°
配位几何 8
分子构型 扁平化的四面体
相关物质
相关化学品 硝酸锆
硝酸铪
磷酸钛
高氯酸钛
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

硝酸钛是一种化学性质活泼的无机化合物,化学式为Ti(NO3)4

制备

[编辑]

与原本的制备方法类似,[7][8]硝酸钛可以由五氧化二氮[9]硝酸氯[10]四氯化钛反应制得。[4]

水合硝酸钛 [Ti(H2O)6](NO3)3则可以由钛化合物溶于硝酸中而成。[11]

结构

[编辑]

硝酸钛的对称群是D2d,有四个二齿的硝酸根配体,其中的N-O键长为1.29 Å(配位)和1.185 Å(非配位)。[6]

性质

[编辑]

硝酸钛可溶于非极性溶剂四氯化硅和四氯化碳。[12][8]

硝酸钛具有吸湿性,会转化为不明确的水合物。[13]无水硝酸钛的反应性很高,甚至会和碳氢化合物反应。[13]它也会和正十二烷[14]对二氯苯苯甲醚联苯反应。[14][15]

硝酸钛受热分解成二氧化钛[16]

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ Garner, C. D.; Wallwork, S. C. The crystal structures of anhydrous nitrates and their complexes. Part III. Titanium(IV) nitrate. J. Chem. Soc. A. 1966: 1496–1500. doi:10.1039/J19660001496. 
  2. ^ ICSD 26639 : ICSD Structure : N4 O12 Ti. Cambridge Structural Database: Access Structures. Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre. [2021-05-08]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-09). 
  3. ^ Titanium(iv) nitrate (Ti(NO3)4). [27 September 2014]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-01). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Chemistry of the Elements (Second Edition). N. N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw. P966. 21.3.4 Compounds with oxoanions
  5. ^ Nathaniel Howell Furman; R. J. Mundy; G. H. Morrison. The Distribution of Uranyl Nitrate from Aqueous Solutions to Diethyl Ether. the University of Michigan: U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. Technical Information Service. 1955: 51 (英语). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Garner, C. David; Ian H. Hillier; Martyn F. Guest. Ab initio self-consistent field molecular-orbital calculation of the ground state of tetranitratotitanium(IV); comments on the reactivity of anhydrous metal nitrates. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions. 1975, (19): 1934. ISSN 0300-9246. doi:10.1039/DT9750001934. 
  7. ^ Reihlen, Hans; Andreas Hake. Über die Konstitution des N2O4 und N2O3 und die Additionsverbindungen von Nitro- und Nitrosokörpern an Zinn- und Titantetrachlorid. Justus Liebig's Annalen der Chemie. 1927, 452 (1): 47–67. ISSN 0075-4617. doi:10.1002/jlac.19274520104 (德语). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Schmeisser, Martin. Die Chemie der anorganischen Acylnitrate (ein Problem des Nitrylchlorids) und Acylperchlorate (ein Problem des Dichlorhexoxyds). Angewandte Chemie. 1955, 67 (17–18): 493–501. Bibcode:1955AngCh..67..493S. ISSN 0044-8249. doi:10.1002/ange.19550671708 (德语). 
  9. ^ P. Ehrlich "Titanium Tetranitrate" in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 1237.
  10. ^ Schmeisser, M.; Brandle, K. Acyl nitrates and perchlorates. IV. ClNO3 as starting material for acyl nitrates. Angewandte Chemie, 1957. 69: 781. ISSN: 0044-8249.
  11. ^ Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils. Inorganic Chemistry. Academic Press. 2001: 1331 [28 September 2014]. ISBN 9780123526519. (原始内容存档于2021-12-01). 
  12. ^ Amos, D.W.; G.W. Flewett. Raman spectra of titanium (IV) and tin (IV) nitrates. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular Spectroscopy. 1974, 30 (2): 453–461. Bibcode:1974AcSpA..30..453A. ISSN 0584-8539. doi:10.1016/0584-8539(74)80085-1. 
  13. ^ 13.0 13.1 Amos, D.W.; D.A. Baines, G.W. Flewett. Nitration by titanium (IV) nitrate. Tetrahedron Letters. 1973, 14 (34): 3191–3194. ISSN 0040-4039. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)79808-X. 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Coombes, Robert G.; Leslie W. Russell. Nitration of aromatic compounds by tetranitratotitanium(IV) in carbon tetrachloride solution. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2. 1974, (7): 830. ISSN 0300-9580. doi:10.1039/P29740000830. 
  15. ^ Schofield, Kenneth. Aromatic Nitration. CUP Archive. 1980: 97–98 [27 September 2014]. ISBN 9780521233620. (原始内容存档于2020-08-06). 
  16. ^ Allendorf, Mark Donald. Titanium Oxide CVD from Titanium (IV) Nitrate .... Proceedings of the Symposium on Fundamental Gas-Phase and Surface Chemistry of Vapor-Phase Materials Synthesis. The Electrochemical Society. 1999-01-01: 395–397 [27 September 2014]. ISBN 9781566772174. (原始内容存档于2021-12-01). 

扩展阅读

[编辑]