王季茝
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王季茝 | |
---|---|
![]() 1914年维斯理学院年鉴中的王季茝 | |
英文名 | Chi Che Wang |
出生 | 1894年10月3日![]() |
逝世 | 1979年10月10日![]() | (85岁)
职业 | 生物化学家、教授、研究员 |
亲属 | 王颂蔚家族 |
王季
早年生活与教育
[编辑]王季茝出生于江南科举世家——苏州王氏,祖上为明朝探花、内阁大学士王鏊。父亲王颂蔚为晚清进士,官至户部郎中、军机章京,鼓励士人学习测量、化学、光学等。1895年王颂蔚病逝,妻子王谢长达携子女自京返乡。王谢长达是中国妇女运动者,在苏州积极创办放足会、振华女子小学。[1]
王季茝曾就读于苏州景海女塾,后至日本同志社女校留学。1907年,王季茝考取官费留美资格,与宋庆林等人一同赴美留学。但因程度未合格,先在马萨诸塞州核桃山学校就读,1910年进入维斯理学院,成为该校最早的亚裔校友之一。[1][2]她先后于1916年及1918年分别获得芝加哥大学化学硕士及化学及营养学博士,[3][4]博士论文题为《皮蛋与燕窝的化学》[5]。她亦曾于约翰斯·霍普金斯大学担任博士后职位。[6]
职业生涯
[编辑]王季茝在攻读博士期间和之后任教于芝加哥大学,是已知最早于美国高等教育界取得正式教职的中国女性。[7]她在1920至1930年间曾为迈克尔里斯医院的医学研究主管。1930年代,她任职于辛辛纳提大学儿童医院,[8]负责进行与儿童新陈代谢有关的研究;[9]及后于1940年代在西北酵母公司任职了一段短暂的时间。她于1943至1946年间重返学术界,于西北大学医学院担任生理学系的助理教授。数年后,她于梅奥医院工作。1950至1953年间,她重返西北大学,任职生物化学系助理教授。[4]
1947至1954年间,王季茝于海因斯退伍军人管理医院新陈代谢实验室工作。[3]1954年后,她转至托皮卡一所退伍军人实验室工作,期间曾为“若干类精神病患的新陈代谢”、“口服洗洁精对血脂的影响”及“各种食物对血清谷草转胺酶影响之研究”等数项研究的共同领导。[10]她于1961年退休。[6]
王季茝曾为维斯理学院中国学生基督教协会的副主席,[1][11]亦是芝加哥中国女性俱乐部的创始成员之一。1922年,她被推选为美国科学促进会的成员之一。[3]1929年,她获芝加哥一女子组织嘉许为“女性领袖”。[12]她亦曾是儿童发展研究学会、美国生物化学家协会及美国化学学会的成员之一。[6]她的研究成果曾刊载于《Archives of Internal Medicine》[13]、《Journal of Biological Chemistry》[14]、《Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine》[15]及《American Journal of Diseases of Children》[16]等学术期刊,亦在报章的新闻专题上发表。[17]
出版选集
[编辑]- “Chinese Preserved Eggs; Pidan”(1916年,与凯瑟琳·布朗特合著)[14]
- “The Composition of Chinese Edible Bird's Nests and the Nature of Their Proteins”(1921年)[18]
- “The Isolation and the Nature of the Amino Sugar of Chinese Edible Birds' Nests”(1921年)[19]
- “A Comparison of the Metabolism of Some Mineral Constituents of Cow's Milk and of Breast Milk in the Same Infant”(1924年,与大卫·B·威特及奥古斯塔·R·费尔彻合著)[20]
- “Studies on the Metabolism of Obesity, II. Basal Metabolism”(1924年,与所罗门·斯特劳斯及M. Dye合著)[21]
- “Metabolism of Undernourished Children III. Urinary Nitrogen with Special Reference to Creatinine”(1926年,与露丝·克恩及玛格丽特·弗兰克合著)[22]
- “Metabolism of Undernourished Children VII. Effect of High and Low Protein Diets on the Nitrogen and Caloric Balance of Undernourished Children”(1928年,与让·E·霍克斯及米尔德里德·考彻合著)[16]
- “Minimum Requirement of Calcium and Phosphorus in Children”(1930年,与露丝·克恩及米尔德里德·考彻合著)[23]
- “Basal Metabolism of Twenty-One Chinese Children Reared or Born and Reared in the United States”(1932年)[15]
- “Improvements in the methods for calcium determination in biological material”(1935年)[24]
- “Metabolism of Adolescent Girls, III. The Excretion of Creatinine and Creatine”(1936年,与艾达·根瑟及科琳·霍格登合著)[25]
- “Basal Metabolism and Preformed and Total Creatinine in Urine of Seventy Children”(1939年)[26]
个人生活
[编辑]王季茝的丈夫是太常寺卿袁昶之子袁梁肃,但两人婚姻并不幸福。赴美之后王季茝再未结婚。[1]
王季茝于1947年,按照麦诺森法案的规定成为美国公民。[6]她于1979年逝世。[3][27]
2004年,芝加哥一处新建的公园以王季茝命名。她曾工作过的西北大学医学中心距离公园仅有2英里。[28][29][1]
参见
[编辑]参考资料
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 康静; 李艳平. 中国第一位女化学博士——王季茝. 中国科技史杂志. 2012, 33 (2): 167-175.
- ^ Tsao, Miss F. Y. A Brief History of Chinese Women-Students in America. The Chinese Students' Monthly. May 1911, 6: 620–621 [2021-11-24]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-24).
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Chi Che Wang (1914). Wellesley College. [2021-11-09]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-20) (英语).
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Chi Che Wang, PhD. Northwestern University. [2021-11-09]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-09) (英语).
- ^ Wang, Chi Che. The chemistry of Chinese preserved eggs and Chinese edible birds' nests. 1921. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.36854.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Ogilvie, Marilyn; Harvey, Joy. The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science: Pioneering Lives From Ancient Times to the Mid-20th Century. Routledge. 2003-12-16: 1345 [2021-11-24]. ISBN 978-1-135-96343-9. (原始内容存档于2021-11-24) (英语).
- ^ Obiakor, Festus E.; Hui-Michael, Ying. Voices of Asian Americans in Higher Education: Unheard Stories. IAP. 2018-10-01: 122 [2021-11-24]. ISBN 978-1-64113-434-7. (原始内容存档于2021-11-24) (英语).
- ^ Seen and Heard at Convention. Detroit Free Press. 1931-06-26: 9 [2021-11-09]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-10) –通过Newspapers.com.
- ^ Childen's Hospital Foundation Dedicated to Alleviation of Suffering of Youngsters. The Cincinnati Enquirer. 1931-05-21: 8 [2021-11-09]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-09) –通过Newspapers.com.
- ^ Administration, United States Veterans. Medical Research in the Veterans' Administration. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1958: 423, 487 [2021-11-24]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-24) (英语).
Metabolism of Certain Types of Psychiatric Patients", "Effect on Blood Lipids of Orally Administered Detergents", "A Study on the Influence of Foods on Serum Glutamic Oxalo-acetic Transaminase
- ^ Reports of Chairmen. The Chinese Students' Monthly. December 10, 1910, 6: 193 [2021-11-24]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-24).
- ^ Girl Achievement Winners Honor Women Leaders in Various Fields. Chicago Tribune. 1929-10-27: 3 [2021-11-09]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-09) –通过Newspapers.com.
- ^ Wang, Chi Che; Strouse, Solomon. Studies on the Metabolism of Obesity, III. The Specific Dynamic Action of Food. Archives of Internal Medicine. 1924-10-01, 34 (4): 573. ISSN 0730-188X. doi:10.1001/archinte.1924.00120040159015 (英语).
- ^ 14.0 14.1 Blunt, Katharine, and Chi Che Wang. "Chinese Preserved Eggs—Pidan." (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Journal of Biological Chemistry 28.1 (1916): 125-134.
- ^ 15.0 15.1 Wang, Chi Che. Basal Metabolism of Twenty-One Chinese Children Reared or Born and Reared in the United States. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 1932-07-01, 44 (1): 69. ISSN 1072-4710. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1932.01950080079008 (英语).
- ^ 16.0 16.1 Wang, Chi Che. Metabolism of Undernourished Children VII. Effect of High and Low Protein Diets on the Nitrogen and Caloric Balance of Undernourished Children. American Journal of Diseases of Children. 1928-12-01, 36 (6): 1161. ISSN 0096-8994. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1928.01920300070006 (英语).
- ^ Varied Diet of the Chinese. Tampa Bay Times. 1923-11-07: 13 [2021-11-09]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-10) –通过Newspapers.com.
- ^ Wang, Chi Che. "The Composition of Chinese Edible Bird's Nests and the Nature of Their Proteins." Journal of Biological Chemistry 49.2 (1921): 429-439.
- ^ Wang, Chi Che. "The Isolation and the Nature of the Amino Sugar of Chinese Edible Birds' Nests." (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Journal of Biological Chemistry 49.2 (1921): 441-452.
- ^ Wang, Chi Che. A Comparison of the Metabolism of Some Mineral Constituents of Cow's Milk and of Breast Milk in the Same Infant. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 1924-04-01, 27 (4): 352 [2021-12-04]. ISSN 1072-4710. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1924.01920100057007. (原始内容存档于2021-12-04) (英语).
- ^ Strouse, Solomon. Studies on the Metabolism of Obesity, II. Basal Metabolism. Archives of Internal Medicine. 1924-09-01, 34 (3): 275 [2021-12-04]. ISSN 0730-188X. doi:10.1001/archinte.1924.00120030010002. (原始内容存档于2021-12-04) (英语).
- ^ Wang, Chi Che. Metabolism of Undernourished Children III. Urinary Nitrogen with Special Reference to Creatinine. American Journal of Diseases of Children. 1926-09-01, 32 (3): 360 [2021-12-04]. ISSN 0096-8994. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1926.04130090037005. (原始内容存档于2021-12-04) (英语).
- ^ Wang, Chi Che. Minimum Requirement of Calcium and Phosphorus in Children. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 1930-04-01, 39 (4): 768 [2021-12-04]. ISSN 1072-4710. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1930.01930160086009. (原始内容存档于2021-12-04) (英语).
- ^ Wang, Chi Che. "Improvements in the methods for calcium determination in biological material." (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Journal of Biological Chemistry 111.2 (1935): 443-453.
- ^ Che Wang, Chi. Metabolism of Adolescent Girls, III. The Excretion of Creatinine and Creatine. American Journal of Diseases of Children. 1936-06-01, 51 (6): 1268 [2021-12-04]. ISSN 0096-8994. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1936.01970180014002. (原始内容存档于2021-12-04) (英语).
- ^ Wang, Chi Che. Basal Metabolism and Preformed and Total Creatinine in Urine of Seventy Children. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 1939-04-01, 57 (4): 838 [2021-12-04]. ISSN 1072-4710. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1939.01990040102007. (原始内容存档于2021-12-04) (英语).
- ^ 1921: Birds Nests & The First Chinese Woman PhD in Chicago. Chinese American Museum of Chicago. 2018-04-26 [2021-11-09]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-09) (美国英语).
- ^ Wang (Chi Che) Park. Chicago Park District. [2021-11-09]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-10) (美国英语).
- ^ Chi Che Wang, 1894-1979. Wander Women Project. [2021-11-09]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-24) (英语).
外部链接
[编辑]- 王季茝公园顾问委员会 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)网站