用戶:LuciferianThomas/沙盒/Wikipedia:2021年基金會針對中文維基百科的行動
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![]() | 社群現正進行多項與此案有關的討論。由於涉及範圍較廣,討論現進行分流: |
- 基金會行動相關及其他討論
- #近期的基金會行動
- 本地社群政策討論
- #基金會行動的後續本地社群治理改善方案
- #基金會行動至未來明朗前的管理人員選拔解決方案
- #關於管理員選舉
- #管理員選舉暫緩授權聲明
- 中國大陸維基人用戶組相關
- #動議:強制解散WMC議案
- #動議:移除WMC於站內所有相關連結、網址
- #動議:在WMC重組之前重啟WUGC用戶組
- #動議:組建中國大陸的臨時用戶組
- 其他相關討論
- #被永久封鎖的管理員權限是否要記錄復原
- #提請臨時授予和平君管理員權限
- #提議建立新的QQ群
- #再談蟲蟲飛用傀儡的可能性
維基媒體基金會在2021年9月13日世界協調時間約下午四時開始,作出了一連串主要針對中國大陸維基人用戶組(WMCUG)核心成員與相關人士之基金會行動。行動中對八名用戶實施全域禁制並移除所有權限,當中有七名用戶被列入全域禁制列表,另有一人未列入全域禁制列表,未知與本案有何關聯。此外,基金會行動中亦對十二名中文維基專案(包括中文維基百科、中文維基學院、中文維基導遊及文言文維基百科)管理員被移除管理權限(包括管理員、介面管理員及行政員身份)。
現時,包括但不限於中國大陸維基人用戶組及其附屬刊物《求聞》,以及中文維基百科QQ交流群等組織或平台仍然可能與全域禁制的用戶有關聯,或受其管轄或控制。根據基金會人員對相關問題的答覆,任何其他用戶仍可正常參與上述組織、平台和其相關的活動,但用戶需注意不能協助或代理被實施全域禁制的個人參與維基媒體相關的活動。
基金會行動中被全域禁制或除權處分的用戶列表
[編輯]用戶 | 日誌 | WMCUG | 原有權限 | 相關帳號 | 備註 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
被全域禁制用戶名單(按禁制執行時序排行) | |||||
Techyan | m:43203226 | 是 | 介管 | Techyan-AWB | 時任WMCUG聯絡人 |
游魂 | m:43203246 | 是 | 延代巡退 | Voodoo Machine | |
尤里的1994 | m:43203246 | 是 | 延代 | 無 | |
ArthurLau1997 | m:43203251 | 是 | 延代巡退 | 無 | |
Walter Grassroot | m:43203253 | 是 | 延代免退 | WalterBot、9bowls | |
玄客 | m:43203255 | 否 | 無 | 無 | 未知與本案關聯 |
蟲蟲飛 | m:43203256 | 否 | 管 | 無 | |
城市酸儒文人挖坑 | m:43203259 | 是 | 代 | 無 | |
被除權處分管理員名單(按除權執行時序排行) | |||||
Alexander Misel | m:43203669 | 是 | 政管代 | — | |
Nbfreeh | m:43203688 | 是 | 政管 | ||
Manchiu | m:43203700 | 否 | 政管 | ||
Stang | m:43203709 | 是 | 政管 | ||
夢蝶葬花 | m:43203743 m:43203750 |
是 | 無 | 學院和導遊管理員 | |
瑞麗江的河水 | m:43203760 | 已退出 | 管 | ||
WAN233 | m:43203783 | 是 | 無 | 文言文百科臨時管理員 | |
Hamish | m:43203797 | 否 | 管 | ||
DreamLiner | m:43203818 | 否 | 管 | ||
Lanwi1 | m:43203709 | 否 | 介管 | ||
霧島聖 | m:43203833 | 是 | 管 | ||
Outlookxp | m:43211689 | 否 | 管 |
維基媒體基金會聲明
[編輯]在基金會開始行動的同時,維基媒體基金會法務部門屬下社群穩定及發展組的副主席瑪姬·丹尼斯(英語:Maggie Dennis,即User:Mdennis (WMF))在元維基以及維基媒體郵件列表(Wikimedia-l)中發表有關一系列基金會行動的聲明,原文翻譯如下(內容複製自meta:Office actions/September 2021 statement/zh):
“ | 各位好,
我是維基媒體基金會法務部門的副總瑪姬·丹尼斯(Maggie Dennis),目前專門負責社群穩定及發展(Community Resilience & Sustainability)。[1]此信是為了要向大家說明為了保護全球社群,維基媒體基金會採取的一系列行動。 在此先向各位致歉——這封信內容非常長,且部分內容較為含糊。本信所述之大量議題相當複雜,我會儘量簡單總結其中對大家來說可能較不熟悉的資訊。在條件允許的情況下,我會儘量回覆相關問題,在數個星期之後我們的部門將會舉辦公聽會,到時我們可以更深入的討論本案相關議題。具體時間和詳細訊息會於跟工作人員協調好之後,盡快公告於Wikimedia-L和元維基。 也許您們之中許多人已經注意到,最近維基媒體基金會修改了保密協定(Non-disclosure agreements,NDA)政策。在元維基上已經有針對這些政策改變的討論,我不會在此信中複述相關討論內容。[2]簡而言之,基於潛在威脅的可信資訊,維基媒體基金會改變了個人接受保密協定的相關方針。這些安全威脅是有關於對維基媒體的滲透(infiltration)的資訊,包括對能夠接觸個人身份資訊以及當選的有影響力人物的職務的威脅。由於擔心可能觸發我們被警告的相關風險,我們無法預告我們此次的行動——即便是對我們所信任的社群成員(如監管員等)我們也不得不保密。我們立即限制了可能受影響的人士對此類工具的使用權限,並正在與相關用戶積極溝通,以核實他們是否確切受到危險。 我想要在此強調我們無意指責因此政策改變而權限受到限制之用戶有任何不良企圖。上述的滲透有多種渠道。我們既發現有用戶為了取得相關權力來刻意試圖融入社群——然而他們的最終目的與維基媒體基金會開放知識之目標相左。同時我們也注意到部分受信任的社群成員,可能已成為外部團體利用和傷害的危險目標。這項政策主要為了解決後者,減少相關成員被招募或脅迫的可能性。除了這項政策改變中被除權的用戶能獲得的個人資訊可能被洩露之外,我們相信這些用戶中的部分也可能面臨危險。 本日,維基媒體基金會已經推出第二階段的方案着手處理關於滲透的顧慮。我們在兩大受到影響的轄區之一內採取行動。在深入調查未獲認可的組織「中國大陸維基人(用戶組)」(Wikimedians of Mainland China,以下簡稱WMC)部分成員之相關行為後,我們決定全域禁制7位用戶,並將12位元管理人員除權。[3]同時,我們向部分編輯者告知了拉票以及人肉搜尋的相關政策,要求他們改變行為。 通常來說,維基媒體基金會不會對於自身之行動做過多的解釋,但此次破例是因為此次受影響範圍之大前所未見。為了保護在特定國家,及未受認可之用戶組的用戶之私隱及安全,我們無法透露過多訊息。我承認這些行動實屬激進,然而此決議並非輕易。我們並不想要打擊及摧毀那些積極為開放知識奮鬥的誠信的包含WMC成員的中國編輯者的努力。我們不希望他們擔憂他們的貢獻會不受歡迎。可是,我們也不能在明知他們的安全可能遭受威脅的前提下,放任他們暴露在危險之中,而不採取任何保護措施。 在此之前,我們已經限制了對中國大陸地區用戶的個人資訊存取,我們知悉到上述的威脅存在於我們的專案之中。我們了解到已有用戶因此受到人身傷害。在確認案件真實性後,我們不得不立即採取相應措施。 在我的維基生涯裏面,此次的事件是一場挑戰,同時是一場勝利——維基百科已從一個受懷疑的非主流網站變成了全球高度信任普遍仰仗的網絡百科。我在2007年第一次編輯專案時,就覺得維基媒體有成為世界最偉大的成就之潛力:大眾的知識唾手可得。這是全體編輯者偉大的善舉。但是我在我開始編輯之後很快地意識到在如何呈現資訊上的角力之激烈,且有人利用該爭端來達成其目的。在此,我並不是要說我有先見之明——我相信有許多維基成員在我之前早就意識到了相應的風險。我相信當今天的維基媒體專案備受信任,而外部勢力控制維基媒體資訊對他們能帶來前所未有的好處的時候,我們面臨的風險之大也是前所未有的。 「掌控」社群的威脅是實質存在的。數年來,維基媒體基金會一直知道克羅地亞語維基百科(Croatian Wikipedia)有面臨相關的挑戰——當中的相關檔案可以追溯至近十年前。維基媒體基金會近期設置了打擊虛假訊息團隊,他們在評估相關風險、尋找適當的方式、並已聘僱外部研究人員來審查專案的相關資料,以幫助我們更好地理解在面臨相似情況時可以使用怎樣的解決方案,以及該情境的起因[4]。最近,我們也成立了人權團隊,專門處理這些因有組織的控制訊息的嘗試而造成的緊急人權威脅。我們今天所處理的案件展示了作為一個全球媒體活動,我們多麼需要積極地處理面對的威脅,既要保證任何人在任何地方都可以編輯,又要保證這些人免受想讓他們噤聲的人的傷害。 關於除權,我們希望可以於可見的未來跟國際中文社群作近一步的溝通,探討我們對於選舉制度的專案,以避免相關的維基媒體基金會專案被不合理的控制,並確保人們可以感覺安全並確實安全地編輯維基百科。我們需要確保我們的社群可以舉辦公正的選舉——沒有拉票或欺詐的行為。同時,我們希望對於選舉制度的改變可以幫助我們恢復(中文維基百科之)用戶查核員(Checkuser)權限。 在本信的結尾,我想要對你們當中被驚擾到人被表達我最真摯的歉意。這些人無疑包括那些擔心個人資訊是否已被洩漏的(我們並不認為有這樣的問題。我們已經及時採取行動避免了此事。)以及那些擔心更多此類的維基媒體基金會行動可能影響他們正常編輯和他們的社區的用戶(我們認為我們目前的行動已經在中短期遏止了相關的風險)。我對於受到相關威脅的社群表示抱歉。維基媒體基金會將繼續加強建設,以支援所有需要我們支援的社群,我們也仍然在學習如何能做得更好。同時,我們將繼續改進我們在這兩方面的認知:我們在人權領域的影響以及我們解決相關挑戰的能力。您們值得有更好的服務——我們無法馬上解決所有的問題,但我們將積極努力專注地提升改進。 在此,我想要對在全球活躍貢獻的為五洲四海的讀者服務的四千多名中文維基人表達歉意和遺憾。[5][6]我向你們保證,我們將會做得更好。您們向在世界各地的中文維基讀者分享知識是非常有意義的善舉——我們保證會持續支援您們的付出,為您們提供所需工具,使您們在一個安全、有效的環境心想事成。 在此重申,我會在法務團隊及其他相關團隊的幫助下,盡力回答你們的問題。我們會在元維基上設立一個專頁,以討論此系列的行動,並於幾週之後,我會主持公聽會,讓我們能更深入的討論本案相關議題。 致以最誠摯的問候, Maggie Dennis (WMF)(留言) 2021年9月13日 (一) 16:13 (UTC) 瑪姬
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Hello everyone, I’m Maggie Dennis, the Wikimedia Foundation’s Vice President of Community Resilience & Sustainability.[1] I’m reaching out to you today to talk about a series of actions the Foundation has recently taken to protect communities across the globe. I apologize in advance for the length and the ambiguity in certain areas. These are complicated issues, and I will try to summarize a lot of what may be unfamiliar information to some of you succinctly. I will answer questions to the best of my ability within safety parameters, and I will be hosting an office hour in a few weeks where I can discuss these issues in more depth. We’re currently getting that set up in regards to availability of support staff and will announce it on Wikimedia-L and Meta as soon as that information is prepared. Many of you are already aware of recent changes that the Foundation has made to its NDA policy. These changes have been discussed on Meta, and I won’t reiterate all of our disclosures there,[2] but I will briefly summarize that due to credible information of threat, the Foundation has modified its approach to accepting 「non-disclosure agreements」 from individuals. The security risk relates to information about infiltration of Wikimedia systems, including positions with access to personally identifiable information and elected bodies of influence. We could not pre-announce this action, even to our most trusted community partner groups (like the stewards), without fear of triggering the risk to which we’d been alerted. We restricted access to these tools immediately in the jurisdictions of concern, while working with impacted users to determine if the risk applied to them. I want to pause to emphasize that we do not mean to accuse any specific individual whose access was restricted by that policy change of bad intent. Infiltration can occur through multiple mechanisms. What we have seen in our own movement includes not only people deliberately seeking to ingratiate themselves with their communities in order to obtain access and advance an agenda contrary to open knowledge goals, but also individuals who have become vulnerable to exploitation and harm by external groups because they are already trusted insiders. This policy primarily served to address the latter risk, to reduce the likelihood of recruitment or (worse) extortion. We believe that some of the individuals impacted by this policy change were also themselves in danger, not only the people whose personal information they could have been forced to access. Today, the Foundation has rolled out a second phase of addressing infiltration concerns, which has resulted in sweeping actions in one of the two currently affected jurisdictions. We have banned seven users and desysopped a further 12 as a result of long and deep investigations into activities around some members of the unrecognized group Wikimedians of Mainland China.[3] We have also reached out to a number of other editors with explanations around canvassing guidelines and doxing policies and requests to modify their behaviors. When it comes to office actions, the Wikimedia Foundation typically defaults to little public communication, but this case is unprecedented in scope and nature. While there remain limits to what we can reveal in order to protect the safety and privacy of users in that country and in that unrecognized group, I want to acknowledge that this action is a radical one and that this decision was not easily made. We struggled with not wanting to discourage and destroy the efforts of good faith users in China who have worked so hard to fight for free and open knowledge, including some of those involved in this group. We do not want them to fear that their contributions are unwelcome. We also could not risk exposing them to danger by doing nothing to protect them after we became aware of credible threats to their safety. While some time ago we limited the exposure of personal information to users in mainland China, we know that there has been the kind of infiltration we describe above in the project. And we know that some users have been physically harmed as a result. With this confirmed, we have no choice but to act swiftly and appropriately in response. I take it as both a triumph and a challenge that in the years of my own involvement I have seen Wikimedia go from a suspect non-mainstream website to a highly trusted and widely relied upon source across the world. When I first started editing the projects in about 2007, I already believed Wikimedia had the capacity to be one of the greatest achievements of the world — collective knowledge, at your fingertips. What an amazing gesture of goodwill on the part of all of its many editors. It didn’t take me long after I started editing to realize how entrenched the battles could be over how to present information and how that can be exploited to achieve specific ends. I’m not trying to suggest that I was astonishingly prescient; I think there were many who realized that risk long before I stumbled naively on the scene. I do think that the risk is greater than ever now, when Wikimedia projects are widely trusted, and when the stakes are so high for organized efforts to control the information they share. Community 「capture」 is a real and present threat. For years, the movement has been widely aware of challenges in the Croatian Wikipedia, with documentation going back nearly a decade. The Foundation recently set up a disinformation team, which is still finding its footing and assessing the problem, but which began by contracting an external researcher to review that project and the challenges and help us understand potential causes and solutions for such situations.[4] We have also recently staffed a human rights team to deal with urgent threats to the human rights of communities across the group as a result of such organized efforts to control information. The situation we are dealing with today has shown me how much we need as a movement to grapple with the hard questions of how we remain open to editing by anyone, anywhere, while ensuring that individuals who take us up on that offer are not harmed by those who want to silence them. With respect to the desysopping, we hope to connect with the international Chinese language community in the near future to talk about approaches to elections that avoid the risk of project capture and ensure that people are and feel safe contributing to the Chinese language Wikipedia. We need to make sure that the community can hold fair elections, without canvassing or fraud. We hope that helping to establish such a fair approach to elections will allow us to reinstate CheckUser rights in time. I want to close this message by noting that I am personally deeply sorry to those of you for whom this will be a shock. This will undoubtedly include those who wonder if they should fear that their personal information has been exposed (we do not believe so; we believe we acted in time to prevent that) and also those who fear that further such bold action is in the works which may disrupt them and their work and their communities (at this point, with this action, we believe the identified risks have been contained in the short to medium term). I am also truly sorry to those communities who have been uneasy in the shadow of such threats for some time. The Foundation continues to build our capacity to support every community that wants or needs its support - and we are still learning how to do so well when we do. One of the key areas we seek improvement is in our ability to understand our human rights impact and in our ability to address those challenges. You have not had the service you’ve deserved. We can’t fix things immediately, but we are working to improve, actively, intentionally, and with focus. To the 4,000 active Chinese language Wikimedians distributed across the world and serving readers in multiple continents,[5][6] I would like to communicate my sorrow and regret. I want to assure you that we will do better. The work you do in sharing knowledge to Chinese readers everywhere has great meaning, and we are committed to supporting you in doing this work into the future, with the tools you need to succeed in a safe, secure, and productive environment. Again, I will answer what questions I can, also relying on the support of others in Legal and perhaps beyond. We’re setting up a page on Meta to talk, and I will be hosting an office hour in coming weeks. Best regards, Maggie Dennis (WMF) (talk) 16:13, 13 September 2021 (UTC) Maggie
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後續回應
[編輯]瑪姬·丹尼斯在2021年9月14日 (二) 20:16 (UTC)於元維基聲明頁的討論頁中發表了一個問答,回應了六條問題。以下採用User:卡達在2021年9月15日 (三) 04:12 (UTC)在互助客棧發佈的翻譯版本,並有少量修訂。
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相關新聞媒體報道
[編輯]- Exclusive: Wikipedia bans 7 mainland Chinese power users over ‘infiltration and exploitation’ in unprecedented clampdown. Hong Kong Free Press. 2021-09-14.
- 維基百科禁 7 內地用戶 指有滲透起底風險 內地群組:準備鬥爭. 立場新聞. 2021-09-14.
- 維基封鎖7名中國大陸用戶 指為保障用戶安全. 美國之音. 2021-09-15 (粵語).
- 因涉嫌举报香港编辑,中文维基百科对7位中国大陆编辑下达禁令. 美國之音. 2021-09-15 (中文).
- 臉書學著點!維基百科破天荒開鍘19中國滲透用戶. 新頭殼newtalk. 2021-09-15.
- 維基百科中國編輯當抓耙仔 多人遭撤銷登錄權和編輯權. 自由時報. 2021-09-15.
- Wikimedia bans seven Chinese users citing “security risk”. The Record by Recorded Future. 2021-09-14.
- 【維基百科】Wikimedia回應用戶安全擔憂 禁7名中國用戶 中國管理員:反抗基金會決定. 香港經濟日報. 2021-09-15.
- Wikipedia bans seven Chinese users amid concerns of 'infiltration, physical harm'. The Register. 2021-09-15.
- Wikipedia bans 7 mainland Chinese power users over 'infiltration of Wikimedia systems'. ANI. 2021-09-15.
- 內部編輯遭恐嚇,維基媒體基金會拔除多名「中國大陸維基人用戶組」成員. 科技新報. 2021-09-15.
- 忧渗透与起底风险 维基百科对中国编辑下禁令. 德國之聲. 2021-09-15.
- 維基百科基金會保用戶安全 封鎖 7 名中國用戶.取消 12 人管理員權限. e-zone. 2021-09-15.
- 防滲透與起底!中文維基百科下令封鎖18名與中國滲透有關用戶. 中央廣播電臺. 2021-09-15.
- 「將香港用戶組都向國安處舉報了吧!」中文維基百科7名中國編輯慘遭除名. 風傳媒. 2021-09-15.
- 【維基百科】中國網軍勢力擴展至維基百科 被指壟斷內容詮釋權. 自由亞洲電台. 2021-09-15.