朴屬

朴屬
	朴樹（Celtis sinensis）
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真雙子葉植物 Eudicots
演化支：	薔薇類植物 Rosids
目：	薔薇目 Rosales
科：	大麻科 Cannabaceae
屬：	朴屬 Celtis; L., 1753
種
	參見正文
異名
	Celtidopsis Priemer; Colletia Scop.; Mertensia Kunth; Momisia F.Dietr.; Plagioceltis Mildbr. ex Baehni; Saurobroma Raf.; Solenostigma Endl.; Sparrea Hunz. & Dottori;

朴屬（學名：Celtis）是蕁麻目榆科的一屬，約60-70種落葉喬木，廣泛分佈在北半球暖溫帶地區，以及中非和南美洲部分地區^[1]^:249-252。

形態

本屬植物一般為10-25(單位)|米高的喬木，稀有40米高，單葉互生，葉有3-15厘米長，有齒；花小，早春開花，雄花長，雌花圓；果實為直徑6-10毫米的核果，類似棗，大部分種類可以食用。樹皮可用來造紙。

分類

1981年的克朗奎斯特分類法將朴屬列入榆科，1998年根據基因親緣關係分類的APG 分類法單獨分出一個科，列入薔薇目，2003年經過修訂的APG II 分類法不承認這個(生物)|科，將本屬放到大麻科中。

本屬與大麻科其它屬的關係如下^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]：

大麻科 Cannabaceae

	翼朴屬 Pteroceltis

	非洲樸屬 Chaetachme

山黃麻屬 Trema

朴屬 Celtis

	大麻屬 Cannabis

	葎草屬 Humulus

山赤麻屬 Lozanella

白顏樹屬 Gironniera

糙葉樹屬 Aphananthe

下級分類

本科包括以下屬：

Celtis adolfi-friderici Engl.
Celtis africana Burm.fil.
Celtis alba Raf.
Celtis amplifolia Noronha
Celtis aspera Manchester, 2014
Celtis australiensis Sattarian
Celtis australis L.
Celtis bainingensis Rech.
Celtis balansae Planch.
Celtis berteroana Urb.
Celtis bifida Leroy
紫彈朴 Celtis biondii Pamp.
Celtis boninensis Koidz.
Celtis brasiliensis (Gardner) Planch.
黑彈樹 Celtis bungeana Blume
Celtis caudata Planch.
小果朴 Celtis cerasifera C.K.Schneid.
天目朴樹 Celtis chekiangensis C.C.Cheng
Celtis chicape (Wedd.) Miq.
Celtis chicope Miq., 1853
Celtis conferta Planch.
Celtis crenata A.Chev.
Celtis disticha Parodi
Celtis ehrenbergiana (Klotzsch) Liebm.
Celtis espinosa Larrañaga
Celtis flexuosa Planch., 1873
Celtis glabra Noronha
Celtis gomphophylla Baker
Celtis harperi Horne ex Baker
Celtis hildebrandii Soepadmo
Celtis hildebrandtii Soepadmo
Celtis hypoleuca Planch.
Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg.
Celtis integerrima Merr.
Celtis jamaicensis Planch.
Celtis jessoensis Koidz.
珊瑚朴 Celtis julianae C.K.Schneid.
Celtis kansana Chaney & Elias, 1936
大葉朴 Celtis koraiensis Nakai
Celtis laevigata Willd.
Celtis latifolia (Blume) Planch.
Celtis lindheimeri Engelm. ex K.Koch
Celtis lingualis Knowlton & Cockerell, 1919
Celtis loxensis C.C.Berg
Celtis luzonica Warb.
Celtis madagascariensis Sattarian
Celtis maritima Raf.
Celtis mccoshii Lesquereux, 1883
Celtis mildbraedii Engl.
Celtis mukii Siebold & Zucc.
Celtis neglecta Zi L.Chen & X.F.Jin
Celtis newberryi Knowlton & Cockerell, 1919
Celtis occidentalis (Tuthill, 1939) Tuthill, 1939
Celtis occidentalis L.
Celtis orthacanthos Planch.，也拼作Celtis orthocanthos
Celtis oviata Lesquereux, 1868
太平朴 Celtis pacifica Planch.
Celtis palauensis Kaneh. & Hatus.
Celtis paniculata (Endl.) Planch.
菲律賓朴 Celtis philippensis Blanco, 1837
Celtis planchoniana K.I.Chr.
Celtis pseudocrassifolia Hollick, 1906
Celtis pubescens Kunth, 1817
Celtis pubescens S.Y.Wang & C.L.Chang
Celtis reticulata Boorsma, 1907
Celtis rigescens (Miq.) Planch.
Celtis rigida Parodi
Celtis roxburghii Voigt, 1845
Celtis rubrovenia Elmer
Celtis rugosa A.Chev.
Celtis rugulosa Rydb.
Celtis salomonensis Rech.
Celtis schippii Standl.
Celtis serrata Ettingsh.
Celtis serratissima Zamengo, R.B.Torres, Gaglioti & Romaniuc
Celtis shortii Planch.
朴樹 Celtis sinensis Pers.
Celtis solenostigma Unwin
Celtis spinosa Spreng.
Celtis spinulosa Spreng.
Celtis tenuifolia Nutt.
Celtis tessmannii Rendle
四蕊朴 Celtis tetrandra Roxb.
Celtis tikalana Lundell
假玉桂 Celtis timorensis Span.
Celtis toka (Forssk.) Hepper & J.R.I.Wood
Celtis tournefortii Lam.
Celtis trinervia Lam.
Celtis tupalangi Vassilcz.
Celtis utilis (Caminhoá) Caminhoá
西川朴 Celtis vandervoetiana C.K.Schneid.
Celtis villosula Rydb., 1923
Celtis vitiensis A.C.Sm.
Celtis zenkeri Engl.

歸入本屬的物種：

Momisia americana Berry, 1914
Momisia carolinensis Berry, 1914
Solenostigma kraussii Klotzsch ex Walp.
Solenostigma philippinense Blume, 1856

參考文獻

^ Keeler, Harriet L. |(1900): Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them. Charles Scriber's Sons, New York.
^ Sytsma, Kenneth J.; Morawetz, Jeffery; Pires, J. Chris; Nepokroeff, Molly; Conti, Elena; Zjhra, Michelle; Hall, Jocelyn C. & Chase, Mark W., Urticalean rosids: Circumscription, rosid ancestry, and phylogenetics based on rbcL, trnL–F, and ndhF sequences, Am J Bot, 2002, 89 (9): 1531–1546, PMID 21665755, doi:10.3732/ajb.89.9.1531
^ Zavada MS, Kim M. Phylogenetic analysis of Ulmaceae. Plant Syst Evol. 1996, 200 (1): 13–20 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.1007/BF00984745. （原始內容存檔於2019-10-17）.
^ Yesson C, Russell SJ, Parrish T, Dalling JW, Garwood NC. Phylogenetic framework for Trema (Celtidaceae). Plant Syst Evol. 2004, 248 (1): 85–109 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.1007/s00606-004-0186-3. （原始內容存檔於2018-06-16）.
^ Yang M-Q, van Velzen R, Bakker FT, Sattarian A, Li D-Z, Yi T-S. Molecular phylogenetics and character evolution of Cannabaceae. (journal)|Taxon. 2013, 62 (3): 473–485 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.12705/623.9. （原始內容存檔於2017-10-07）.

Brower, Andrew V.Z. |(2006): Problems with DNA barcodes for species delimitation：『ten species』 of Astraptes fulgerator reassessed |(Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Systematics and

Biodiversity 4(2): 127–132. doi:10.1017/S147720000500191X PDF fulltext

Hébert, Paul D.N.; Penton, Erin H.; Burns, John M.; Janzen, Daniel H. & Hallwachs, Winnie |(2004): Ten species in one: DNA barcoding reveals cryptic species in the semitropical skipper butterfly Astraptes fulgerator. PNAS 101(41): 14812-14817. doi:10.1073/pnas.0406166101 PDF 文獻（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）索引（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）

外部連結

[Keeler-1] Keeler, Harriet L. |(1900): Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them. Charles Scriber's Sons, New York.

[Sytsma2002-2] Sytsma, Kenneth J.; Morawetz, Jeffery; Pires, J. Chris; Nepokroeff, Molly; Conti, Elena; Zjhra, Michelle; Hall, Jocelyn C. & Chase, Mark W., Urticalean rosids: Circumscription, rosid ancestry, and phylogenetics based on rbcL, trnL–F, and ndhF sequences, Am J Bot, 2002, 89 (9): 1531–1546, PMID 21665755, doi:10.3732/ajb.89.9.1531

[Zavada-3] Zavada MS, Kim M. Phylogenetic analysis of Ulmaceae. Plant Syst Evol. 1996, 200 (1): 13–20 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.1007/BF00984745. （原始內容存檔於2019-10-17）.

[Yesson-4] Yesson C, Russell SJ, Parrish T, Dalling JW, Garwood NC. Phylogenetic framework for Trema (Celtidaceae). Plant Syst Evol. 2004, 248 (1): 85–109 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.1007/s00606-004-0186-3. （原始內容存檔於2018-06-16）.

[Yang-5] Yang M-Q, van Velzen R, Bakker FT, Sattarian A, Li D-Z, Yi T-S. Molecular phylogenetics and character evolution of Cannabaceae. (journal)|Taxon. 2013, 62 (3): 473–485 [2017-10-07]. doi:10.12705/623.9. （原始內容存檔於2017-10-07）.

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