用戶:Njsgdsza/沙盒
1952年國際汽聯世界一級方程式 錦標賽賽季 |
|
車手冠軍:阿爾貝托·阿斯卡里 | |
上屆:1951 | 下屆:1953 |
1952年一級方程式賽季(英語:1952 Formula One season)是國際汽聯一級方程式賽車的第6個賽季。與前幾個賽季相比,1952賽季只由一小部分一級方程式比賽組成,這是因為國際汽聯決定將所有大獎賽賽事計入車手世界錦標賽,使用二級方程式的規則而非一級方程式。第3屆國際汽聯車手世界錦標賽於5月18日開始,在8場比賽後於9月7日結束,阿爾貝托·阿斯卡里駕駛法拉利奪冠。除了一級方程式比賽和世界二級方程式錦標賽之外,許多其他不屬於錦標賽的二級方程式比賽也在年內舉行。
車隊及車手
[編輯]以下為參加1952年車手世界錦標賽的車隊及車手。不包括只參加了印第安納波利斯500的車隊及車手。
* 只參加了印第安納波利斯500的賽車
1906年以前的大獎賽賽季 | |
上屆:無 | 下屆:1906 |
1894年
[編輯]日期 | 比賽 | 冠軍車手 | 冠軍製造商 |
---|---|---|---|
7月22日 | 巴黎–魯昂賽 | 阿爾貝·勒邁特 | 標緻 |
1895年
[編輯]日期 | 比賽 | 冠軍車手 | 冠軍製造商 |
---|---|---|---|
5月18日 | 都靈–阿斯蒂–都靈賽 | [[]] | 戴姆勒 |
6月11日–13日 | 巴黎–波爾多–巴黎賽 | 保羅·克什蘭 | 標緻 |
11月28日 | 芝加哥時報-先驅報賽 | 弗蘭克·杜里埃 | 杜里埃 |
1896年
[編輯]日期 | 比賽 | 冠軍車手 | 冠軍製造商 |
---|---|---|---|
5月24日–25日 | 波爾多–阿讓–波爾多賽 | 布斯凱 | 標緻 |
5月30日 | 時尚月刊紐約–歐文頓賽 | 弗蘭克·杜里埃 | 杜里埃 |
7月11日 | [[]] | 阿爾貝·洛馬耶 | 標緻 |
9月24日-10月3日 | 巴黎–馬賽–巴黎賽 | 埃米爾·馬亞德 | 龐阿爾 |
11月14日 | 倫敦-布賴頓賽(老車賽) | 萊昂·博萊 | 阿梅代·博萊 |
1897年
[編輯]日期 | 比賽 | 冠軍車手 | 冠軍製造商 |
---|---|---|---|
1月29日-1月31日 | 馬賽-尼斯-拉蒂爾比賽 | 德沙瑟盧-洛巴伯爵 | 德迪翁 |
7月24日 | 巴黎-迪耶普賽 | 阿爾貝·德迪翁 | 德迪翁 |
8月14日 | 巴黎-特魯維爾賽 | [[]] | 龐阿爾 |
8月22日–23日 | [[]] | 艾蒂安·吉羅 | 龐阿爾 |
9月12日 | 阿羅納-斯特雷薩-阿羅納賽 | 朱塞佩·科比安基 | 奔馳 |
1898年
[編輯]日期 | 比賽 | 冠軍車手 | 冠軍製造商 |
---|---|---|---|
3月6日-3月7日 | 馬賽-尼斯賽 | 費爾南·沙朗 | 龐阿爾 |
5月1日 | 佩里格賽 | G·萊斯 | 龐阿爾 |
5月11日-5月12日 | [[]] | 勒內·德克尼夫 | 龐阿爾 |
5月24日 | 柏林-波茨坦-柏林賽 | 弗里德里希·格賴納 | 戴姆勒 |
5月29日 | 波爾多-阿讓賽 | 珀蒂 | 標緻 |
6月25日–26日 | 布魯塞爾-斯帕賽 | [[]] | 龐阿爾 |
7月7日-7月13日 | 巴黎-阿姆斯特丹-巴黎賽 | 費爾南·沙朗 | 龐阿爾 |
7月17日 | 都靈-阿斯蒂-亞歷山德里亞-都靈賽 | 圭多·埃倫弗羅因德 | 米亞里&朱斯蒂 |
7月31日-8月1日 | 里爾-加來-里爾賽 | [[]] | 標緻 |
8月20日–21日 | 波爾多-比亞里茨賽 | 勒內·盧瓦塞爾 | 博萊 |
8月21日 | 里昂-拉尼約賽 | 埃爾丹 | 標緻 |
8月27日–29日 | 特拉福伊-門德爾帕斯賽 | 威廉·鮑爾 | 戴姆勒 |
10月11日 | [[]] | 帕維爾·別利亞耶夫 | 克萊芒 |
10月20日 | 聖日爾曼-韋爾農-聖日爾曼賽 | 勒韋格 | 莫爾 |
1899年
[編輯]1900
[編輯]1901
[編輯]Date | Name | Winning driver | Winning constructor |
---|---|---|---|
17 February | Circuit du Sud-Ouest | Maurice Farman | Panhard |
25 March | Nice–Salon–Nice race | Wilhelm Werner | Mercedes |
12 May | Mannheim–Pforzheim–Mannheim race | Willy Tischbein | De Dietrich |
29 May | Paris–Bordeaux race | Henri Fournier | Mors |
29 May | Coupe Gordon Bennett | Léonce Girardot | Panhard |
27–29 June | Paris–Berlin race | Henri Fournier | Mors |
30 June | Coppa Italia | Guido Adami | Panhard |
24 August | Piombino–Grosseto race | Felice Nazzaro | Fiat |
1 September | Oostende Meeting | Pierre de Caters | Mors |
1902
[編輯]Date | Name | Winning driver | Winning constructor |
---|---|---|---|
15–16 May | Circuit du Nord | Maurice Farman | Panhard |
26–28 June | Coupe Gordon Bennett | Selwyn Edge | Napier |
26–28 June | Paris–Vienna race | Marcel Renault | Renault |
31 July | Circuit des Ardennes | Charles Jarrott | Panhard |
31 August | Frankfurt Circuit Race | Wilhelm Werner | Mercedes |
14 September | Critérium de Provence | Paul Chauchard | Panhard |
1903
[編輯]Name | Date | Winning driver | Winning constructor |
---|---|---|---|
24 May | Paris–Madrid race | Fernand Gabriel | Mors |
22 June | Circuit des Ardennes | Pierre de Crawhez | Panhard |
2 July | Coupe Gordon Bennett | Camille Jenatzy | Mercedes |
30 August | Frankfurt Circuit Race | Willy Pöge | Mercedes |
18 October | Westend race | Gustav Müller | Mercedes |
1904
[編輯]Date | Name | Winning driver | Winning constructor |
---|---|---|---|
20 May | Eliminatoires Françaises de la Coupe Internationale | Léon Théry | Richard-Brasier |
17 June | Coupe Gordon Bennett | Léon Théry | Richard-Brasier |
19 June | Frankfurt Circuit Race | Willy Pöge | Mercedes |
25 July | Circuit des Ardennes | George Heath | Panhard |
5 September | Coppa Brescia | Vincenzo Lancia | Fiat |
8 October | Vanderbilt Cup | George Heath | Panhard |
23 October | Bahrenfeld race | Victor Hémery | Opel-Darracq |
1905
[編輯]Date | Name | Winning driver | Winning constructor |
---|---|---|---|
15 February | Cuban Race | Ernesto Carricaburu | Mercedes |
30 May | English Elimination Trials | Clifford Earp | Napier |
16 June | Eliminatoires Françaises de la Coupe Internationale | Léon Théry | Richard-Brasier |
5 July | Coupe Gordon Bennett | Léon Théry | Richard-Brasier |
7 August | Circuit des Ardennes | Victor Hémery | Darracq |
27 August | Frankfurt Circuit Race | Fritz Opel | Opel |
3 September | Bahrenfeld race | Henri Jeannin | Argus |
9 September | Coppa Florio | Giovanni Battista Raggio | Itala |
23 September | Vanderbilt Elimination Race | Albert Dingley | Pope-Toledo |
14 October | Vanderbilt Cup | Victor Hémery | Darracq |
參考文獻
[編輯]- Etzrodt, Hans. Grand Prix Winners 1895–1949 : Part 1 (1895–1916). The Golden Era of Grand Prix Racing. [2007-08-05]. (原始內容存檔於7 August 2007).
出生 | 路易·亞歷山大·希龍 1899年8月3日 摩納哥蒙特卡洛 |
---|---|
逝世 | 1979年6月22日 摩納哥蒙特卡洛 | (79歲)
世界一級方程式錦標賽職業生涯 | |
國籍 | 摩納哥 |
活躍年代 | 1950年–1951年, 1953年, 1955年–1956年, 1958年 |
車隊 | 瑪莎拉蒂 羅西耶 個人 藍旗亞 中南 |
出賽次數 | 19 (15次起步) |
世界冠軍 | 0 |
分站冠軍 | 0 |
頒獎台 | 1 |
生涯積分 | 4 |
桿位 | 0 |
最快圈速 | 0 |
首次出賽 | 1950年英國大獎賽 |
最後出賽 | 1958年摩納哥大獎賽 |
路易·亞歷山大·希龍(1899年8月3日 – 1979年6月22日)是一名參加過拉力賽、跑車賽和大獎賽的摩納哥賽車手。他是參加過一級方程式賽車最年長的車手,他在55歲時在1955年摩納哥大獎賽中取得第6名的成績。
職業生涯
[編輯]路易·希龍在青少年時期對汽車和賽車產生了興趣。 他在第一次世界大戰之後開始參加大獎賽,in which he was seconded from an artillery regiment as a driver for Maréchal Pétain and Maréchal Foch.
他在1926年於圖盧茲附近的聖戈當贏得了他的首個主場比賽,1926年科曼日大獎賽,and went on to drive a Bugatti and an Alfa Romeo P3 to victories in the Marseille Grand Prix, the Circuit of Masaryk, and the Spanish Grand Prix. In the Indianapolis 500 of 1929, he drove a Delage to 7th place. He won the 1931 Monaco Grand Prix—the only Monaco-born driver to have done so—and in 1933 he partnered with specialist endurance racer Luigi Chinetti to win the Spa 24 hours race.
Chiron retired in 1938, and World War II curtailed motor racing a year later. When racing resumed after the War, he came out of retirement and drove a Talbot-Lago to victory in two French Grands Prix.
According to a Los Angeles Times review of fellow driver Hellé Nice's biography, Chiron accused her, at a 1949 party in Monaco to celebrate the first postwar Monte Carlo Rally, of "collaborating with the Nazis". The review says biographer Miranda Seymour is "circumspect on Nice's guilt".[1] A review of the same book in The New York Times says Nice was accused of being a "Gestapo agent"; that Seymour "rebuts" the charge; and that it made Nice "unemployable".[2] Seymour's book says that in a letter to Antony Noghes, the head of the Monte Carlo Rally committee, Hellé Nice "protested her innocence"; that she told him she would appeal to the Monaco court unless Chiron wrote an apology; that no letter from Chiron has been found; and that the court has no record of such a case between 1949 and 1955.[3]
Paired with the Swiss driver Ciro Basadonna, Chiron won the 1954 Monte Carlo Rally, and achieved podium finishes in the fifteen Formula One races he entered that year. His last race was in 1955,[4] when he took a Lancia D50 to sixth place in the Monaco Grand Prix a few weeks before his 56th birthday,[5] becoming the oldest driver to compete in a Formula One race.[4] He is also the oldest driver ever to have entered for a Formula One race, taking part in practice for the 1958 Monaco Grand Prix when he was 58.
References
[編輯]- ^ Neil, Dan. In pursuit of the Queen of Speed. Los Angeles Times. December 8, 2004 [February 4, 2016].
- ^ Grimes, William. A Racing Life: Plenty of Men and Fast Cars. The New York Times. December 24, 2004 [February 4, 2016].
- ^ Seymour, Miranda, Bugatti Queen, Random House: 258–259, 2004, ISBN 1-4000-6168-7
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Spurgeon, Brad. Measuring Experience in Youthful Formula One. The New York Times (The New York Times Company). August 22, 2009 [February 4, 2016].
- ^ 1955 Monaco Grand Prix. Motor Sport Magazine. [February 4, 2016].
External links
[編輯]- Grand Prix History, Louis Chiron
- Louis Chiron at The Crittenden Automotive Library
- Louis Chiron at Le Mans
- 在Find a Grave上的Njsgdsza/沙盒
類別 | 單人座賽車 |
---|---|
國家或地區 | 歐洲 |
首屆開幕 | 1931年 |
停辦年份 | 1939年 |
車手 | 32 (1939年) |
車隊 | 8 (1939年) |
賽車製造商 | 7 (1939年) |
上屆車手冠軍 | 魯道夫·卡拉喬拉 (1938) |
歐洲車手錦標賽是1950年世界一級方程式錦標賽創立之前的一年一度的賽車競賽。它創立於1931年並一直持續到1939年底,其中1933年至1934年出現了間斷。根據選定的部分大獎賽的成績授予車手積分,也就是所謂的大賽(Grandes Épreuves)(這個術語已被用於1920年代以來最有聲望的比賽;在1931年和1935年,一些重要的大獎賽不計入歐洲錦標賽,但仍然被稱作大賽)。由於1939年第二次世界大戰的爆發,最後一個賽季沒有正式宣佈冠軍的歸屬。
錦標賽由國際認證汽車俱樂部協會(AIACR)管理,該協會是當今世界賽車運動管理機構國際汽車聯合會的前身。
歷史
[編輯]The 1931 and 1932 seasons were run to existing Formula Libre regulations, with a minimum car weight of 900 kg.[1] The calendar consisted of the Italian Grand Prix, the French Grand Prix and the Belgian Grand Prix.
In 1934, the AIACR introduced a maximum weight limit of 750 kg for Grand Prix cars.[2] Already in 1933, new chancellor Adolf Hitler had announced that he would provide 450,000 reichsmarks to German companies to build Grand Prix cars. Eventually, the money was split between bidders, Mercedes-Benz and the newly formed Auto Union.[2] Auto Union took over the P-Wagen concept of Ferdinand Porsche and put the engine behind the driver. Both German manufacturers proved dominant in nearly all races they entered.[2] These cars proved to be the bases for the two companies entries in the first year of the European Championship. Other entries came from manufacturers including Alfa Romeo, whose team were being run by Scuderia Ferrari, Maserati, and Bugatti.
The 750 kg formula lasted until the end of 1937. By then, the German cars had over 600 hp, more than twice the rule makers had expected to be possible with that weight limit. For 1938, a new formula was introduced, limiting also engine sizes. Cars with a supercharger were permitted to have an engine size between 666 cc and 3000 cc, whereas normally aspirated cars were allowed between 1000 cc and 4500 cc.[3] The cars had to weigh between 400 kg and 850 kg; the exact minimum weight specified in the regulations was dependent on a car's engine capacity and followed a linear scale.[3]
At the AIACR's end of season meeting towards the end of 1938, it was expressed that some were not content using the then current points system. Belgium's representative, Mr. Langlois, was asked to come up with an alternative system for 1939.[4] Langlois took several months to propose a new system and there is no evidence to suggest that the previous scoring system was rescinded.[4]
In 1939, war broke out and the AIACR could not meet to publish an official set of championship results.[5] Hermann Lang was declared European champion by Korpsführer Adolf Hühnlein of the NSKK, who was also president of Germany's highest racing organisation, Oberste Nationale Sportbehörde für die Deutsche Kraftfahrt. Hühnlein's declaration was published as a statement in the Völkischer Beobachter, the official Nazi Party newsletter.[4] Hühnlein suggested that Lang had finished the season on 23 points,[4] but this conflicts with the official scoring system, under which Hermann Paul Müller would have been the champion.
Summary of results
[編輯]Scoring system
[編輯]Unlike the modern Formula One points system, the championship awarded fewer points for higher finishes; the champion would be the driver who ended the season on the lowest points score. The championship awarded one, two and three points to first, second and third places respectively. Other competitors were awarded points based on the percentage of the race distance they completed, as follows.
% completed | Points |
---|---|
>75% | 4 |
50%-75% | 5 |
25%-50% | 6 |
<25% | 7 |
Not entering, or failing to start the race, earned the driver eight points. Drivers only scored points with the car they entered the race with. In 1931, co-drivers were eligible to score championship points, but only from the car they were assigned to at the start, and provided that they had completed a stint in the car during the race. From 1932 onwards, if a driver handed his car over to another driver mid-race, only the original driver would score points from the car's final position.
Championship history
[編輯]Season | Champion Driver | Team | Poles | Wins | Podiums | Fastest Laps | Points | Margin (pnts) | Championship Grands Prix | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1931 | Ferdinando Minoia | Alfa Romeo | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 9 | 0 | ITA |
FRA |
BEL |
||||
1932 | Tazio Nuvolari | Alfa Romeo | 0 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | ITA |
FRA |
GER |
||||
1933–1934 | Not held | ||||||||||||||
1935 | Rudolf Caracciola | Mercedes-Benz | 0 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 11 | 6 | MON |
FRA |
BEL |
GER |
SUI |
ITA |
ESP |
1936 | Bernd Rosemeyer | Auto Union | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 10 | 5 | MON |
GER |
SUI |
ITA |
|||
1937 | Rudolf Caracciola | Mercedes-Benz | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 13 | 2 | BEL |
GER |
MON |
SUI |
ITA |
||
1938 | Rudolf Caracciola | Mercedes-Benz | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 8 | 7 | FRA |
GER |
SUI |
ITA |
|||
1939 | Title not awarded due to outbreak of war. | BEL |
FRA |
GER |
SUI |
Footnotes
[編輯]- ^ Etzrodt, Hans. GRAND PRIX WINNERS 1895-1949. The Golden Era of Grand Prix Racing. [2007-03-19].
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Rendall, Ivan. The Chequered Flag : 100 years of motor racing. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 1995: 136. ISBN 0-297-83550-5.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 1938, Part 1 : Introduction. The Golden Era of Grand Prix Racing. [2007-02-20].
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 The 1939 European Championship. 8W. [2007-02-20].
- ^ 1939 Championship Table. The Golden Era of Grand Prix Racing. [2007-02-20].
Further reading
[編輯]- Chris Nixon, Racing the Silver Arrows: Mercedes-Benz versus Auto Union 1934-1939 (Osprey, London, 1986)
See also
[編輯]外部連結
[編輯]
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1935年大獎賽賽季(英語:1935 Grand Prix season)是國際認證汽車俱樂部協會歐洲錦標賽的第3個賽季。本賽季共有35場非錦標賽賽事和7場計入歐洲錦標賽的賽事。本賽季的冠軍是梅賽德斯-奔馳車隊的魯道夫·卡拉喬拉。
請注意,帶有納粹標誌的納粹德國國旗於本賽季最後一場比賽的前一周,即1935年9月15日被採用。
參賽者
[編輯]車隊
[編輯]廠隊
[編輯]車隊 | 製造商 | 底盤 | 發動機 | 車手 |
---|---|---|---|---|
戴姆勒-奔馳車隊 | 梅賽德斯-奔馳 | W25 | 3.7/4.0/4.3 litres Straight-8 | 魯道夫·卡拉喬拉 全職 |
路易吉·法焦利 全職 | ||||
曼弗雷德·馮·布勞希奇 全職 | ||||
赫爾曼·朗 | ||||
漢斯·蓋爾 | ||||
汽車聯盟車隊 | 汽車聯盟 | B | 4.9/5.6 litres V16 | 漢斯·施圖克 全職 |
貝恩德·羅澤邁爾 全職 | ||||
阿基萊·瓦爾齊 全職 | ||||
保羅·皮奇 | ||||
法拉利車隊 | 阿爾法·羅密歐 | Tipo B "P3" 8C-35 |
3.2/3.8 litres Straight-8 3.8 litres Straight-8 |
塔齊奧·努沃拉里 全職 |
勒內·德雷富斯 全職 | ||||
路易·希龍 全職 | ||||
阿蒂利奧·馬里諾尼 | ||||
安東尼奧·布里維奧 | ||||
阿爾卑斯車隊 | 瑪莎拉蒂 | 6C-34 V8-RI |
3.2 litres Straight-6 4.2 litres V8 |
戈弗雷多·策恩德 |
菲利普·埃唐瑟蘭 | ||||
彼得羅·蓋爾西 | ||||
朱塞佩·法里納 | ||||
歐金尼奧·謝納 | ||||
馬塞爾·勒烏 | ||||
Automobiles E.Bugatti | 布加迪 | T59 | 3.3/3.8 litres Straight-8 | 皮耶羅·塔魯菲 |
羅貝爾·伯努瓦 | ||||
讓-皮埃爾·維米耶 | ||||
ERA車隊 | ERA | B | 2.0 litres Straight-6 | 雷蒙德·梅斯 |
恩斯特·馮·德利烏斯 |
獨立車隊
[編輯]車隊 | 製造商 | 底盤 | 發動機 | 車手 |
---|---|---|---|---|
比利亞帕迭納車隊 | 瑪莎拉蒂 | 8CM | 3.0 litres Straight-8 | 馬塞爾·勒烏 |
Gruppo san Giorgio | 阿爾法·羅密歐 瑪莎拉蒂 |
Tipo B "P3" 26M |
3.0 litres Straight-8 2.5 litres Straight-8 |
雷納托·巴萊斯特雷羅 |
路易吉·索菲耶蒂車隊 | 瑪莎拉蒂 | 8CM | 3.0 litres Straight-8 | 路易吉·索菲耶蒂 |
彼得羅·蓋爾西 | ||||
豪伯爵車隊 | Bugatti 瑪莎拉蒂 |
T59 8CM |
3.2 litres Straight-8 3.0 litres Straight-8 |
豪伯爵 |
布賴恩·劉易斯 | ||||
吉諾·羅韋雷車隊 | 瑪莎拉蒂 | 6C-34 | 3.7 litres Straight-6 | 朱塞佩·法里納 |
佛朗哥·薩爾迪車隊 | 阿爾法·羅密歐 | Tipo B "P3" | 2.9 litres Straight-8 | 費爾迪南多·巴爾別里 |
個人參賽
[編輯]車手 | 製造商 | 底盤 | 發動機 | 參加比賽 |
---|---|---|---|---|
雷蒙·佐默 | 阿爾法·羅密歐 | Tipo B "P3" | 3.2 litres Straight-8 | 比, 瑞, 西 |
哈特曼·拉斯洛 | 瑪莎拉蒂 | 8CM | 3.0 litres Straight-8 | 德, 瑞 |
漢斯·呂施 | 瑪莎拉蒂 | 8CM | 3.0 litres Straight-8 | 德 |
赫納羅·萊奧斯-阿瓦德 | 布加迪 | ? | 西 |
賽季回顧
[編輯]歐洲錦標賽大獎賽
[編輯]場次 | 日期 | 比賽 | 賽道 | 冠軍車手 | 冠軍車隊 | 報告 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 4月22日 | 摩納哥大獎賽 | 摩納哥 | 路易吉·法焦利 | 梅賽德斯-奔馳 | 報告 |
2 | 6月23日 | 法國大獎賽 | 蒙萊里 | 魯道夫·卡拉喬拉 | 梅賽德斯-奔馳 | 報告 |
3 | 7月14日 | 比利時大獎賽 | 斯帕-弗朗科爾尚 | 魯道夫·卡拉喬拉 | 梅賽德斯-奔馳 | 報告 |
4 | 7月28日 | 德國大獎賽 | 紐博格林 | 塔齊奧·努沃拉里 | 阿爾法·羅密歐 | 報告 |
5 | 8月25日 | 瑞士大獎賽 | 布雷姆加滕 | 魯道夫·卡拉喬拉 | 梅賽德斯-奔馳 | 報告 |
6 | 9月8日 | 意大利大獎賽 | 蒙扎 | 漢斯·施圖克 | 汽車聯盟 | 報告 |
7 | 9月22日 | 西班牙大獎賽 | 拉薩爾特 | 魯道夫·卡拉喬拉 | 梅賽德斯-奔馳 | 報告 |
非錦標賽大獎賽
[編輯]Championship Final Standings
[編輯]
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External links
[編輯]References
[編輯]Etzrodt, Hans. Grand Prix Winners 1895–1949 : Part 3 (1934–1949). The Golden Era of Grand Prix Racing. [2007-08-05]. (原始內容存檔於6 August 2007).
Leif Snellman and Hans Etzrodt. 1935. The Golden Era of Grand Prix Racing. [2007-08-05]. (原始內容存檔於5 July 2007).
Galpin, Darren. 1935 Grands Prix. The GEL Motorsport Information Page. [2007-08-05].
雙峰:與火同行 Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me | |
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File:Twin Peaks - Fire Walk with Me.png | |
基本資料 | |
導演 | 戴維·林奇 |
監製 | 格雷格·菲恩伯格 |
編劇 |
|
原著 | 雙峰 馬克·弗羅斯特 戴維·林奇作品 |
主演 | |
配樂 | 安傑洛·巴達拉門蒂 |
攝影 | 羅恩·加西亞 |
剪接 | 瑪麗·斯威尼 |
製片商 | CIBY Pictures |
片長 | 134分鐘[1] |
產地 |
|
語言 | 英語 |
上映及發行 | |
上映日期 |
|
發行商 |
|
預算 | 1000萬美元 |
票房 | 420萬美元 (北美)[2] |
雙峰鎮
- Jay Aaseng as Drunk[8]
- 梅德興·阿米克 飾演 謝莉·布里格斯[3][4]
- 達納·阿什布魯克 飾演 副警長博比·布里格斯[3][4]
- 菲比·奧古斯丁[a] 飾演 羅妮特·普拉斯基
- 理查德·貝默 飾演 本傑明·霍恩[9][4]
- Gia Carides as Hannah[8]
- Vincent Castellanos as Federico[8]
- Michael Cera as Wally "Brando" Brennan[8]
- Joan Chen as Josie Packard[b]
- Candy Clark as Doris Truman[10]
- Scott Coffey as Trick[8]
- Catherine E. Coulson[c] as Margaret Lanterman (the "Log Lady")[8][4]
- Grace Victoria Cox as Charlotte[8]
- Jan D'Arcy as Sylvia Horne[3][4]
- Eric Da Re as Leo Johnson[b]
- Ana de la Reguera as Natalie[11]
- Hugh Dillon as Tom Paige[11]
- Eamon Farren as Richard Horne[8]
- Sherilyn Fenn as Audrey Horne[3][4]
- Sky Ferreira as Ella[8]
- Robert Forster as Sheriff Frank Truman[12]
- Mark Frost as Cyril Pons
- Warren Frost[c] as Dr. Will Hayward[13][4]
- Balthazar Getty as Red[14]
- Harry Goaz as Deputy Sheriff Andy Brennan[3][4]
- Grant Goodeve as Walter Lawford[3]
- Andrea Hays as Heidi[8][4]
- Gary Hershberger as Mike Nelson[3][4]
- Michael Horse as Deputy Chief Tommy "Hawk" Hill[3][4]
- Caleb Landry Jones as Steven Burnett[3]
- Ashley Judd as Beverly Paige[13]
- David Patrick Kelly as Jerry Horne[3][4]
- Piper Laurie as Catherine Martell[b]
- Jane Levy as Elizabeth[8]
- Peggy Lipton as Norma Jennings[3][4]
- Sarah Jean Long as Miriam Sullivan[3]
- Riley Lynch as Bing
- James Marshall as James Hurley[3][4]
- Everett McGill as Ed Hurley[3][4]
- Clark Middleton as Charlie[8]
- Moby as Musician
- Jack Nance[c] as Pete Martell[b]
- Walter Olkewicz as Jacques Renault[a] and Jean-Michel Renault[8][4]
- John Pirruccello as Deputy Sheriff Chad Broxford
- Mary Reber as Alice Tremond[8]
- Kimmy Robertson as Lucy Brennan[3][4]
- Wendy Robie as Nadine Hurley[3][4]
- Eric Rondell as Johnny Horne
- Marvin "Marv" Rosand[c] as Toad[8][4]
- Rod Rowland as Chuck[8]
- Amanda Seyfried as Rebecca 'Becky' Burnett[15]
- Harry Dean Stanton as Carl Rodd[3][4]
- JR Starr as MC[8]
- Charlotte Stewart as Betty Briggs[3][4]
- Jessica Szohr as Renee[16]
- Russ Tamblyn as Dr. Lawrence Jacoby[8][4]
- Jodi Thelen as Maggie[8]
- Lauren Tewes as Gersten's neighbor[8]
- Jake Wardle as Freddie Sykes[8]
- Alicia Witt as Gersten Hayward[17][4]
- Karolina Wydra as Chloe[8]
- Charlyne Yi as Ruby[8]
- Grace Zabriskie as Sarah Palmer[3][4]
Government
- Chrysta Bell as FBI Agent Tammy Preston[8]
- Richard Chamberlain as Bill Kennedy[8]
- Laura Dern as Diane Evans[8]
- David Duchovny as FBI Chief of Staff Denise Bryson[18][4]
- Jay R. Ferguson as Special Agent Randall Headley[8]
- Miguel Ferrer[c] as FBI Agent Albert Rosenfield[3][4]
- Ernie Hudson as Colonel Davis[8]
- David Lynch as FBI Deputy Director Gordon Cole[19][4]
- Adele René as Lieutenant Cynthia Knox[8]
- Owain Rhys-Davies as Agent Wilson[8]
Las Vegas
- Alon Aboutboul as Head Mover[8]
- Joe Adler as Roger
- Tammie Baird as Lorraine[8]
- Jim Belushi as Bradley Mitchum
- John Billingsley as Doctor Ben[8]
- Ronnie Gene Blevins as Tommy[8]
- Wes Brown as Darren[8]
- Juan Carlos Cantu as Officer Reynaldo
- Larry Clarke as Detective T. Fusco[8]
- Jonny Coyne as Polish Accountant[8]
- Giselle Damier as Sandie[8]
- David Dastmalchian as Pit Boss Warrick[20]
- Jeremy Davies as Jimmy[8]
- Eric Edelstein as Detective "Smiley" Fusco[8]
- John Ennis as Slot Machine Man[8]
- Josh Fadem as Phil Bisby[8]
- Rebecca Field as Another Mom[8]
- Patrick Fischler as Duncan Todd[20]
- Meg Foster as Cashier[8]
- Pierce Gagnon as Sonny Jim Jones[8]
- Hailey Gates as Drugged-out Mother[21]
- Brett Gelman as Supervisor Burns[8]
- Ivy George as 5-Year-Old Girl
- Robert Knepper as Rodney Mitchum
- David Koechner as Detective D. Fusco[8]
- Jay Larson as Limo Driver[8]
- Andrea Leal as Mandie[8]
- Bellina Logan as Female Doctor[d][8]
- Josh McDermitt as Wise Guy[8]
- Don Murray as Bushnell Mullins[8]
- Sara Paxton as Candy Shaker[8]
- Linda Porter as Lady Slot-Addict
- Elena Satine as Rhonda[8]
- John Savage as Detective Clark[8]
- Amy Shiels as Candie[19]
- Tom Sizemore as Anthony Sinclair[19]
- Bob Stephenson as Frank[8]
- Ethan Suplee as Bill Shaker[8]
- Sabrina S. Sutherland as Floor Attendant Jackie
- Naomi Watts as Janey-E Jones[19]
- Nafessa Williams as Jade[8]
- Christophe Zajac-Denek as Ike "The Spike" Stadtler[8]
South Dakota
- Jane Adams as Constance Talbot[8]
- Brent Briscoe as Detective Dave Macklay[8]
- Bailey Chase as Detective Don Harrison[22]
- Neil Dickson as George Bautzer[8]
- George Griffith as Ray Monroe[3]
- Cornelia Guest as Phyllis Hastings[8]
- Nicole LaLiberte as Darya[8]
- Jennifer Jason Leigh as Chantal Hutchens[23]
- Matthew Lillard as William Hastings[8]
- Karl Makinen as Inspector Randy Hollister
- Bérénice Marlohe as French Woman[8]
- James Morrison as Warden Dwight Murphy[8]
- Christopher Murray as Officer Olson[8]
- Max Perlich as Hank[8]
- Tim Roth as Gary "Hutch" Hutchens[8]
- Mary Stofle as Ruth Davenport
Supernatural
- Phoebe Augustine as American Girl[a][8][4]
- Monica Bellucci as herself[8]
- David Bowie[c] as Phillip Jeffries[b][8]
- Nathan Frizzell as the voice of Phillip Jeffries[24]
- Robert Broski as Woodsman[8]
- Don S. Davis[c] as Major Garland Briggs[b][25]
- Erica Eynon as Experiment[8]
- Sheryl Lee as Laura Palmer[3][4]
- Joy Nash as Señorita Dido[8]
- Carlton Lee Russell as the Jumping Man[8][4]
- Frank Silva[c] as Killer BOB[b][26]
- Malachy Sreenan as Bosomy Lady[8]
- Al Strobel as MIKE[3][4]
- Carel Struycken as The Fireman[e][8][4]
- Ray Wise as Leland Palmer[3][4]
- Nae Yuuki as Naido[8]
Michael J. Anderson did not reprise his role as The Man from Another Place, who instead appears as a treelike computer-generated effect and is voiced by an uncredited actor. When asked who provided the voice for the CGI character, executive producer Sabrina Sutherland replied, "Unfortunately, I think this question should remain a mystery and not be answered."[27]
Other
- New York
- Michael Bisping as Guard[8]
- Benjamin Rosenfield as Sam Colby[8]
- Madeline Zima as Tracey Barberato[8]
- New Mexico, 1956
- Leslie Berger as New Mexico Wife[8]
- Cullen Douglas as Disc Jockey[8]
- Tikaeni Faircrest as Girl[f][8]
- Tad Griffith as New Mexico Husband[8]
- Xolo Mariduena as Boy[8]
- Tracy Philips as Receptionist[8]
- Montana
- Frank Collison as Muddy[8]
- Derek Mears as Renzo[8]
- Odessa
- Matt Battaglia as Cowboy 3[8]
- Francesca Eastwood as Texas Waitress Kristi[8]
- Heath Hensley as Cowboy 1[8]
- Rob Mars as Cowboy 2[8]
- Sheryl Lee as Carrie Page
- Notes
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 These actors appear both in archive footage and, playing different roles, in new material.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Archive footage only.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 These actors died before the series aired and episodes are dedicated in their memory.
- ^ In the original series, Logan portrayed Louie "Birdsong" Budway.
- ^ The character's name wasn't revealed until Part 14. Struycken was credited as "The Giant" in the original series.
- ^ Mark Frost's novel Twin Peaks: The Final Dossier reveals that this girl is a young Sarah Palmer.
賽事細節 | |||
---|---|---|---|
日期 | 1906年6月26日和27日 | ||
官方名稱 | 第9屆法國汽車俱樂部大獎賽[nb 1] | ||
舉辦地點 | 法國勒芒 | ||
賽道類型 | 公路 | ||
賽道長度 | 103.18公里(64.11英里) | ||
比賽距離 | 12圈,1,238.16公里(769.36英里) | ||
最快單圈 | |||
車手 | 保羅·巴拉斯 (FRA) | 布拉西耶 | |
時間 | 52:25.4於第1圈 | ||
頒獎台 | |||
第一名 | 雷諾 | ||
第二名 | 菲亞特 | ||
第三名 | 克萊芒-巴亞爾 |
- ^ TWIN PEAKS - FIRE WALK WITH ME (18). British Board of Film Classification. June 12, 1992 [April 23, 2015].
- ^ 引用錯誤:沒有為名為
mojo
的參考文獻提供內容 - ^ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 Andreeva, Nellie. 'Twin Peaks': Who Else Is Returning & Other Tidbits About Showtime Reboot. Deadline Hollywood. February 10, 2016 [March 13, 2016].
- ^ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 4.31 4.32 4.33 37 Twin Peaks Characters We Will See Again After 25 Years (Or Not). Welcome to Twin Peaks. April 25, 2016 [March 10, 2017].
- ^ Tallerico, Brian. A Guide to the Characters of Twin Peaks: Who’s Back, Who’s New, and Who’s Missing. Vulture. May 22, 2017 [May 28, 2017].
- ^ Twin Peaks: The Final Dossier
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Saraiya, Sonia. ‘Twin Peaks’ Star Kyle MacLachlan Doesn’t Know What Happened in That Last Scene Either. Variety. September 5, 2017 [September 9, 2017].
- ^ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 8.20 8.21 8.22 8.23 8.24 8.25 8.26 8.27 8.28 8.29 8.30 8.31 8.32 8.33 8.34 8.35 8.36 8.37 8.38 8.39 8.40 8.41 8.42 8.43 8.44 8.45 8.46 8.47 8.48 8.49 8.50 8.51 8.52 8.53 8.54 8.55 8.56 8.57 8.58 8.59 8.60 8.61 8.62 8.63 8.64 8.65 8.66 8.67 8.68 8.69 8.70 8.71 8.72 8.73 8.74 8.75 8.76 8.77 8.78 8.79 8.80 8.81 8.82 8.83 8.84 8.85 8.86 8.87 8.88 8.89 8.90 8.91 8.92 8.93 8.94 Andreeva, Nellie. 'Twin Peaks': Here Is the Full Cast Of David Lynch's Showtime Reboot. Deadline Hollywood. April 25, 2016 [April 26, 2016].
- ^ 引用錯誤:沒有為名為
Beymer
的參考文獻提供內容 - ^ Nahmod, David-Elijah. Clark remembers Bowie. ebar.com. March 10, 2016 [March 10, 2016].
- ^ 11.0 11.1 Andreeva, Nellie. ‘Twin Peaks’: Ana De La Reguera & Hugh Dillon Join Showtime Revival. Deadline Hollywood. March 18, 2016 [March 22, 2016].
- ^ 引用錯誤:沒有為名為
Forster
的參考文獻提供內容 - ^ 13.0 13.1 Andreeva, Nellie. ‘Twin Peaks’: Ashley Judd Joins Reboot. Deadline Hollywood. February 12, 2016 [February 13, 2016].
- ^ Ausiello, Michael. Twin Peaks Revival: Brothers & Sisters Vet Cast In Top-Secret Role. TVLine. September 20, 2015 [September 20, 2015].
- ^ Iannucci, Rebecca. Twin Peaks: Amanda Seyfried Lands Mystery Role on Showtime Revival. TVLine. September 18, 2015 [September 20, 2015].
- ^ Andreeva, Nellie. Bailey Chase & Jessica Szohr To Star In Kevin Williamson’s Paranormal CW Pilot. Deadline Hollywood. February 24, 2016 [March 22, 2016].
- ^ 引用錯誤:沒有為名為
Witt
的參考文獻提供內容 - ^ 引用錯誤:沒有為名為
Duchovny
的參考文獻提供內容 - ^ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 引用錯誤:沒有為名為
WattsSizemore
的參考文獻提供內容 - ^ 20.0 20.1 Andreeva, Nellie. ‘Twin Peaks’ Reboot Adds Patrick Fischler & David Dastmalchian. Deadline Hollywood. March 4, 2016 [March 8, 2016].
- ^ Hirschberg, Lynn. Hailey Gates Thought the Secrecy on David Lynch's Twin Peaks Reboot Was "Pretty Funny". W Magazine. May 18, 2017 [May 22, 2017].
- ^ Andreeva, Nellie. Bailey Chase To Recur In ‘Twin Peaks’ & ‘Grimm’, Signs With APA. Deadline Hollywood. November 16, 2015 [November 16, 2015].
- ^ Andreeva, Nellie. Jennifer Jason Leigh Joins ‘Twin Peaks’ Follow-Up Series. Deadline Hollywood. October 30, 2015 [October 30, 2015].
- ^ Ekstein-Kon, Alexandra. 6 Things You Might Have Missed In 'Twin Peaks' Season 3, Episode 14. Movie Pilot. August 16, 2017 [August 20, 2017].
- ^ McFarland, Melanie. "I don’t understand this situation at all": Easter egg hunting in "Twin Peaks". Salon. May 26, 2017 [May 26, 2017].
- ^ Scherstuhl, Alan. It's Good Coop/Bad Coop in the First Four Episodes of Twin Peaks. Miami New Times. May 23, 2017 [May 26, 2017].
- ^ 引用錯誤:沒有為名為
Sutherland
的參考文獻提供內容 - ^ Hodges (1967), pp. 2–3
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