傳染性軟疣病毒

傳染性軟疣病毒
	電子顯微鏡下的傳染性軟疣病毒
病毒分類
（未分級）：	病毒 Virus
域：	多變 DNA 病毒域 Varidnaviria
界：	班福病毒界 Bamfordvirae
門：	核質病毒門 Nucleocytoviricota
綱：	痘疹病毒綱 Pokkesviricetes
目：	克希特恩病毒目 Chitovirales
科：	痘病毒科 Poxviridae
屬：	軟疣痘病毒屬 Molluscipoxvirus
種：	傳染性軟疣病毒 Molluscum contagiosum virus

傳染性軟疣病毒(MCV) 是痘病毒科的一種病毒，會使人類患上傳染性軟疣。傳染性軟疣病毒與痘病毒科的其他病毒有着複雜的結構，包括表面的膜，核心，以及側體。病毒可能以包涵體或出芽等形式在宿主細胞膜內部成熟，並在短時間內散發大量病毒。據測量，傳染性軟疣病毒的直徑約為200納米，長度約為320納米，高度則在100納米左右。^[1]

臨床表現可用於診斷傳染性軟疣；傳染性軟疣病毒不能進行常規培養，手術活檢可進一步進行診斷。

傳染性軟疣病毒共有4種，分別是MCV-1型、MCV-2型、MCV-3型和MCV-4型。MCV-1型是人類感染最普遍的；MCV-2型常見於成人主要通過性傳播。^[2]^[3]^[4] PCR技術可幫助確定並區分引起病變的是哪一種類型的MCV。^[5]^[6]^[7]

基因組

基因組為不分段的單分子線性雙鏈DNA，由180000–200000個核苷酸組成。不同核苷酸之間通過共價鍵連接兩端邊緣以及重複複雜的序列。其中有160個基因已被確定。^[8]

動物病毒

有一種動物病毒可以使馬和驢患上與傳染性軟疣類似的疾病。^[9]^[10]^[11] DNA研究表明，該病毒與MCV是密切相關的。^[12]

參考

^ Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed) (2003). 00.058.1.07.001. Molluscum contagiosum virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 3. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), ICTVdB Management, Columbia University, New York, USA
^ Porter CD, Muhlemann MF, Cream JJ, Archard LC. Molluscum contagiosum: characterization of viral DNA and clinical features. Epidemiol. Infect. 1987, 99 (2): 563–7. PMC 2249301 . PMID 2824227. doi:10.1017/S0950268800068072.
^ Yamashita H, Uemura T, Kawashima M. Molecular epidemiologic analysis of Japanese patients with molluscum contagiosum. Int. J. Dermatol. 1996, 35 (2): 99–105. PMID 8850036. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1996.tb03270.x.
^ Agromayor M, Ortiz P, Lopez-Estebaranz JL, Gonzalez-Nicolas J, Esteban M, Martin-Gallardo A. Molecular epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum virus and analysis of the host-serum antibody response in Spanish HIV-negative patients. J. Med. Virol. 2002, 66 (2): 151–8. PMID 11782922. doi:10.1002/jmv.2124.
^ Nu?ez A, Funes JM, Agromayor M, et al. Detection and typing of molluscum contagiosum virus in skin lesions by using a simple lysis method and polymerase chain reaction. J. Med. Virol. 1996, 50 (4): 342–9. PMID 8950692. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199612)50:4<342::AID-JMV10>3.0.CO;2-K.
^ Thompson CH. Identification and typing of molluscum contagiosum virus in clinical specimens by polymerase chain reaction. J. Med. Virol. 1997, 53 (3): 205–11. PMID 9365883. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199711)53:3<205::AID-JMV4>3.0.CO;2-C.
^ Trama JP, Adelson ME, Mordechai E. Identification and genotyping of molluscum contagiosum virus from genital swab samples by real-time PCR and Pyrosequencing. J Clin Virol. 2007, 40 (4): 325–9. PMID 17997134. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2007.09.007.
^ Thompson CH. Molluscum contagiosum: new perspectives on an old virus. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 1999, 12 (3): 185–9. PMID 17035777. doi:10.1097/00001432-199906000-00005.
^ Van Rensburg IB, Collett MG, Ronen N, Gerdes T (1991) Molluscum contagiosum in a horse. J S Afr Vet Assoc 62(2):72-74
^ Lange L, Marett S, Maree C, Gerdes T (1991) Molluscum contagiosum in three horses. J S Afr Vet Assoc 62(2):68-71
^ Cooley AJ, Reinhard MK, Gross TL, Fadok VA, Levy M (1987) Molluscum contagiosum in a horse with granulomatous enteritis. J Comp Pathol 97(1):29-34
^ Thompson CH, Yager JA, Van Rensburg IB (1998) Close relationship between equine and human molluscum contagiosum virus demonstrated by in situ hybridisation. Res Vet Sci 64(2):157-161

外部連結

Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Poxviridae^{[永久失效連結]}

[1] Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed) (2003). 00.058.1.07.001. Molluscum contagiosum virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 3. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), ICTVdB Management, Columbia University, New York, USA

[pmid2824227-2] Porter CD, Muhlemann MF, Cream JJ, Archard LC. Molluscum contagiosum: characterization of viral DNA and clinical features. Epidemiol. Infect. 1987, 99 (2): 563–7. PMC 2249301 . PMID 2824227. doi:10.1017/S0950268800068072.

[pmid8850036-3] Yamashita H, Uemura T, Kawashima M. Molecular epidemiologic analysis of Japanese patients with molluscum contagiosum. Int. J. Dermatol. 1996, 35 (2): 99–105. PMID 8850036. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1996.tb03270.x.

[pmid11782922-4] Agromayor M, Ortiz P, Lopez-Estebaranz JL, Gonzalez-Nicolas J, Esteban M, Martin-Gallardo A. Molecular epidemiology of molluscum contagiosum virus and analysis of the host-serum antibody response in Spanish HIV-negative patients. J. Med. Virol. 2002, 66 (2): 151–8. PMID 11782922. doi:10.1002/jmv.2124.

[pmid8950692-5] Nu?ez A, Funes JM, Agromayor M, et al. Detection and typing of molluscum contagiosum virus in skin lesions by using a simple lysis method and polymerase chain reaction. J. Med. Virol. 1996, 50 (4): 342–9. PMID 8950692. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199612)50:4<342::AID-JMV10>3.0.CO;2-K.

[pmid9365883-6] Thompson CH. Identification and typing of molluscum contagiosum virus in clinical specimens by polymerase chain reaction. J. Med. Virol. 1997, 53 (3): 205–11. PMID 9365883. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199711)53:3<205::AID-JMV4>3.0.CO;2-C.

[pmid17997134-7] Trama JP, Adelson ME, Mordechai E. Identification and genotyping of molluscum contagiosum virus from genital swab samples by real-time PCR and Pyrosequencing. J Clin Virol. 2007, 40 (4): 325–9. PMID 17997134. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2007.09.007.

[pmid17035777-8] Thompson CH. Molluscum contagiosum: new perspectives on an old virus. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 1999, 12 (3): 185–9. PMID 17035777. doi:10.1097/00001432-199906000-00005.

[VanRensburg1991-9] Van Rensburg IB, Collett MG, Ronen N, Gerdes T (1991) Molluscum contagiosum in a horse. J S Afr Vet Assoc 62(2):72-74

[Lange1991-10] Lange L, Marett S, Maree C, Gerdes T (1991) Molluscum contagiosum in three horses. J S Afr Vet Assoc 62(2):68-71

[Cooley1987-11] Cooley AJ, Reinhard MK, Gross TL, Fadok VA, Levy M (1987) Molluscum contagiosum in a horse with granulomatous enteritis. J Comp Pathol 97(1):29-34

[Thompson1998-12] Thompson CH, Yager JA, Van Rensburg IB (1998) Close relationship between equine and human molluscum contagiosum virus demonstrated by in situ hybridisation. Res Vet Sci 64(2):157-161

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