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伊拉克土耳其曼人

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伊拉克土耳其曼人
Irak Türkmenleri
伊拉克土耳其曼人官方旗帜
总人口
3 million (2013 Iraqi Ministry of Planning estimate)[1][2]
Estimated 4 million to 5 million (or 10%-13% of the Iraqi population in 2020-21)[3][4][5][6]
分布地区
主要在土耳其曼尼地区
语言
伊拉克土耳其语英语Iraqi Turkmen#Language标准土耳其语[7]
少数为美索不达米亚阿拉伯语, 库尔德语
宗教信仰
多数为 伊斯兰教 (逊尼派; 什叶派)[8][9]
少数为 基督教 (天主教)[10][11]
相关族群
黎巴嫩土耳其人英语Turks in Lebanon  · 叙利亚土耳其曼人

伊拉克土耳其曼人土耳其人伊拉克的分支。人口估计由50万至450万人不等。

历史

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他们最早七世纪来到伊拉克,是阿拔斯王朝哈里发的伊拉克总督的马木留克,当时有1000人。之后塞尔柱帝国鄂图曼帝国也有土耳其人住在伊拉克,十七世纪后正式成为伊拉克民族一部分。

人口

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他们主要分布于土耳其曼尼一带,基尔库克人数最多,一般认为人口大概三百万。他们是伊拉克第三大民族。

宗教

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他们多数是穆斯林,分逊尼派与什叶派。还有数量不多的基督徒土耳其曼人。

参考文献

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  1. ^ 引用错误:没有为名为Triana的参考文献提供内容
  2. ^ 引用错误:没有为名为Bassem2016的参考文献提供内容
  3. ^ Tastekin, Fehim. Why Iraqi Turkmens are excluded from the new government. Al-Monitor. 2018 [12 September 2021]. (原始内容存档于12 September 2021). Turkmens are said to be 10-13% of the overall Iraqi population, but that ratio is not reflected in parliament. 
  4. ^ Dolamari, Mewan. 'Turkmens marginalized in Mosul liberation'. Kurdistan24. 2016 [12 September 2021]. (原始内容存档于12 September 2021). Turkmens in Iraq and the Kurdistan Region... represent the third largest ethnic group in Iraq (13 percent of the population). 
  5. ^ Güger, M. Birol. Erşat Salihi'nin istifası, iç savaş senaryoları ve Irak Türklerinin geleceği. Cumhuriyet. 2021 [12 September 2021]. (原始内容存档于2021-10-28). Peki, bu durumda Irak’ta yaşayan 4 milyon Türk ne ile karşılaşacak? 
  6. ^ Sari, Esra. Irak'ta 5 milyon Türkmen yaşıyor. Ticari Hayat. 2020 [12 September 2021]. (原始内容存档于2021-10-26). Irak’ta yaklaşık 5 milyon Türkmen yaşamaktadır. 
  7. ^ Johanson, Lars, Turkic, Cambridge University Press: 98–99, 2021 [2022-05-04], ISBN 9781009038218, (原始内容存档于2022-05-04), Turkish is the largest and most vigorous Turkic language, spoken by over 80 million people, a third of the total number of Turkic-speakers... Turkish is a recognized regional minority language in North Macedonia, Kosovo, Romania, and Iraq. 
  8. ^ Jawhar 2010,第313–328页: "In short, Iraqi Turkmen are a unique ethnic group; they are predominantly Muslim and divided into two main sects: Shiites (40%) Sunnites (60%), and have strong cultural ties with Turkey"
  9. ^ 引用错误:没有为名为Oğuzlu313的参考文献提供内容
  10. ^ Mina al-Lami. Iraq: The minorities of Nineveh. BBC. July 21, 2014. (原始内容存档于May 14, 2020). 
  11. ^ Shams, Alex. Iraq's Turkmen mobilise for a post-ISIL future. www.aljazeera.com. [2022-05-04]. (原始内容存档于2022-05-13).