组蛋白脱乙酰酶类(英语:Histone deacetylases,EC 3.5.1.98,简称为HDAC)是能将组蛋白赖氨酸上ε-N-乙酰基(O=C-CH3)水解掉的一类酶,这使得DNA缠绕组蛋白更加紧密。这点非常重要,因为DNA缠绕着组蛋白,而DNA的表达水平受到组蛋白乙酰化与脱乙酰化水平的影响。该酶的作用与组蛋白乙酰转移酶(HAT)对冲。HDAC蛋白现在亦被称为赖氨酸脱乙酰酶类(KDAC),这样做的目的是为了突出其功能而非其靶点,因其作用靶点亦包括了非组蛋白的蛋白质类[2]。
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