組蛋白脫乙醯酶類(英語:Histone deacetylases,EC 3.5.1.98,簡稱為HDAC)是能將組蛋白賴氨酸上ε-N-乙醯基(O=C-CH3)水解掉的一類酶,這使得DNA纏繞組蛋白更加緊密。這點非常重要,因為DNA纏繞著組蛋白,而DNA的表達水平受到組蛋白乙醯化與脫乙醯化水平的影響。該酶的作用與組蛋白乙醯轉移酶(HAT)對沖。HDAC蛋白現在亦被稱為賴氨酸脫乙醯酶類(KDAC),這樣做的目的是為了突出其功能而非其靶點,因其作用靶點亦包括了非組蛋白的蛋白質類[2]。
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