大熊座65:修订间差异
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{{short description|大熊座的恒星系統}} |
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{{Starbox begin |
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{{Starbox begin|name=大熊座65}} |
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{{Starbox image |
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| image= |
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{{Location mark |
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|image=Ursa Major constellation map.svg|alt=|float=center|width=280 |
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|label=|position=right |
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|mark=Red circle.svg|mark_width=8|mark_link=65 UMa |
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|x=420|y=623 |
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}} |
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|caption=大熊座65號的位置(紅圈) |
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{{Starbox observe |
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}} |
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| epoch = [[J2000.0]] |
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{{Starbox observe 2s |
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| constell = [[大熊座]]<ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite web |
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|epoch=[[J2000]] |
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| url=http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=HR+4560 |
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|constell=[[大熊座]] |
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| title =Pulsating variable Star |
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|component1=大熊座65 ABC |
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| publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg |
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|ra1={{RA|11|55|05.74925}}<ref name=HIP>{{cite journal|title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction|url=http://www.aanda.org/index.php?option=com_article&access=bibcode&Itemid=129&bibcode=2007A%2526A...474..653VFUL|author1=van Leeuwen, F.|display-authors=etal|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=474|issue=2|pages=653–664|date=2007|arxiv=0708.1752|bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357|s2cid = 18759600}}</ref> |
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| work=SIMBAD |
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|dec1={{DEC|+46|28|36.6408}}<ref name=HIP/> |
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|appmag_v1=+6.54<ref name=UBV>{{cite journal|bibcode=1964ApJ...139.1105T|title=A UBV Study of 94 Wide Visual Binaries|journal=Astrophysical Journal|volume=139|page=1105|author1=Tolbert, C. R.|year=1964|doi=10.1086/147852}}</ref> {{nowrap begin}}(A/B/C = 6.7 / 8.5 / 8.32)<ref name=tokovinin>{{cite journal|bibcode=1997A&AS..124...75T|title=MSC - a catalogue of physical multiple stars|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement Series|volume=124|pages=75–84|last1=Tokovinin|first1=A. A.|year=1997|doi=10.1051/aas:1997181|doi-access=free}}</ref>{{nowrap end}} |
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| url=http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-out.add=.&-source=5050&-corr=PK=HR&-out.max=9999&HR=4560 |
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|component2=65 UMa D |
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| title =VizieR Detailed Page |
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|ra2={{RA|11|55|11.33152}}<ref name=HIP/> |
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| accessdate=2012-07-13}}</ref> |
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|dec2={{DEC|+46|28|11.2150}}<ref name=HIP/> |
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| 星官 = |
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|appmag_v2=+6.965<ref name=TYC2>{{cite journal|title=The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars|author1=Høg, E.|display-authors=etal|date=2000|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=355|pages=L27–L30|bibcode=2000A&A...355L..27H}}</ref> |
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| ra = {{RA|11|55|5.7}}<ref name=SIMBAD /><ref name=DATA /> |
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| dec = {{DEC|+46|28|37}}<ref name=SIMBAD /><ref name=DATA /> |
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| appmag_v = 6.54<ref name=SIMBAD /><ref name=DATA /> |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Starbox character |
{{Starbox character |
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|component1=大熊座65 ABC |
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| class = A3Vn<ref name=SIMBAD /><ref name=DATA /> |
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|class=A7 / A7 / A3 / ? / ?<ref name=Zasche/> |
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|b-v=+0.11<ref name=UBV/> |
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|u-b=+0.08<ref name=UBV/> |
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|variable=[[大陵五型變星|大陵五]]<ref name=Zasche/> |
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| variable = |
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|component2=大熊座65 D |
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|class2=A0p<ref name=Pandey/> |
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|b-v2=+0.02<ref name=UBV/> |
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|u-b2=+0.01<ref name=UBV/> |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Starbox astrometry |
{{Starbox astrometry |
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|component1=大熊座65 ABC |
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| radial_v = 0.08 |
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|radial_v=-3.90 ± 4.4<ref name=RV>{{cite journal|title=Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system|author=Gontcharov, G. A.|date=2006|journal=Astronomy Letters|volume=32|issue=11|pages=759–771|bibcode=2006AstL...32..759G|doi=10.1134/S1063773706110065|arxiv=1606.08053|s2cid=119231169}}</ref> |
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| prop_mo_ra = -8 |
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|prop_mo_ra=10.41<ref name=HIP/> |
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| parallax = 0.003 |
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|prop_mo_dec=2.38<ref name=HIP/> |
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| p_error = |
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|parallax=4.72 |
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|p_error=0.58 |
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|parallax_footnote=<ref name=HIP/> |
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|absmag_v= |
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|component2=65 UMa D |
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|radial_v2=-7.00 ± 3.7<ref>{{cite journal|title=Astrophysical supplements to the ASCC-2.5: Ia. Radial velocities of ~55000 stars and mean radial velocities of 516 Galactic open clusters and associations|author1=Kharchenko, N. V.|display-authors=etal|journal=Astronomische Nachrichten|volume=328|issue=9|page=889|date=2007|bibcode=2007AN....328..889K|doi=10.1002/asna.200710776|arxiv=0705.0878|s2cid=119323941}}</ref> |
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|prop_mo_ra2=11.82<ref name=HIP/> |
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|prop_mo_dec2=0.39<ref name=HIP/> |
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}} |
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{{Starbox orbit |
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|reference=<ref name=Zasche>{{cite journal|title=Unique sextuple system: 65 Ursae Majoris|author1=Zasche, P.|author2=Uhlář, R.|author3=Šlechta, M.|author4=Wolf, M.|author5=Harmanec, P.|author6=Nemravová, J. A.|author7=Korčáková, D.|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics|volume=542|pages=A78|date=2012|bibcode=2012A&A...542A..78Z|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201219134|arxiv=1207.0651|s2cid=56328797}}</ref> |
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|primary=大熊座65 A |
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|name=大熊座65 B |
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|period=118.209 ± 0.690 |
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|axis_unitless=208.2 ± 9.7 mas |
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|periastron=2447516.9 ± 126.8 |
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|node=92.1 ± 4.2 |
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|periarg=202.7 ± 1.3 |
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|inclination=38.1 ± 2.4 |
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|eccentricity=0.504 ± 0.006 |
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}} |
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{{Starbox detail |
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|component1=大熊座65 Aa1 |
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|mass=1.74 ± 0.06<ref name=Zasche/> |
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|temperature=8000<ref name=Zasche/> |
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|radius=1.86 ± 0.08<ref name=Zasche/> |
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|component2=大熊座65 Aa2 |
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|mass2=1.71 ± 0.06<ref name=Zasche/> |
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|temperature2=7948 ± 20<ref name=Zasche/> |
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|radius2=1.81 ± 0.08<ref name=Zasche/> |
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}} |
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{{Starbox detail|no_heading=y |
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|component1=65 UMa D |
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|radius=4.39–4.56<ref name=Pandey>{{cite journal|title=Abundance and stratification analysis of the CP star HD 103498|author1=Pandey, Chhavi P.|author2=Shulyak, Denis V.|author3=Ryabchikova, Tanya|author4=Kochukhov, Oleg|date=2012|journal=Astronomical Society of India Conference Series|volume=6|page=225|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19281.x|bibcode=2012ASInC...6..225P|arxiv=1106.3727|s2cid=56288919}}</ref> |
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|temperature=9300–9500<ref name=Pandey/> |
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|gravity=3.5–3.6<ref name=Pandey/> |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Starbox catalog |
{{Starbox catalog |
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|names=大熊座[[佛蘭斯蒂德命名法|65]]、[[艾肯雙星目錄|ADS]] 8347、 [[双星和聚星星表|CCDM]] J11551+4629 |
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|component1=大熊座65 ABC |
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{{Starbox reference |Simbad=HR+4560}} |
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|names1=大熊座[[變星命名法|DN]]、[[波昂星表|BD]]+47° 1913、[[HD星表|HD]] 103483、[[依巴谷衛星|HIP]] 58112、[[亮星星表|HR]] 4560、 [[SAO星表|SAO]] 43945 |
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|component2=大熊座65 D |
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|names2=[[波昂星表|BD]]+47° 1914, [[HD星表|HD]] 103498、 [[依巴谷衛星|HIP]] 58117、[[亮星星表|HR]] 4561、[[SAO星表|SAO]] 43946 |
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}} |
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{{Starbox reference |
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|Simbad=65+UMa|sn=大熊座65 |
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|Simbad2=DN+UMa|sn2=大熊座65 AB |
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|Simbad3=ADS+8347+C|sn3=大熊座65 C |
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|Simbad4=HR+4561|sn4=大熊座65 D |
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}} |
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{{Starbox end}} |
{{Starbox end}} |
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'''大熊座65'''('''65 UMa''')是在[[大熊座]]這個[[星座]]內的一個恆星系統。它的[[視星等]]為6.5等<ref name=UBV/>,這是[[波特爾暗空分類法|人類視力極限]],因此肉眼幾乎看不見。由[[依巴谷衛星]]進行的[[恆星視差|三角視差]]測量,得到它的距離約為690[[光年]](210[[秒差距]])<ref name=HIP/>;這與[[力學視差]]的值 {{convert|234|+/-|29|pc|ly|order=flip}}是一致的<ref name=Zasche/>。 |
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'''大熊座65''',又名'''BD+47 1913''','''HD 103483'''、'''SAO 43945'''、'''HR 4560''',是[[大熊座]]的一颗恒星<ref name=SIMBAD /><ref name=DATA />,视星等为6.54,位于[[銀道座標系|銀經]]149.12,[[銀道座標系|銀緯]]67.68,其[[B1900.0]]坐标为赤經{{RA|11|49|53.6}},赤緯{{DEC|+47|67.68|59}}。 |
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大熊座65是一個六合星系統。這六顆星在層次軌道上,每顆恆星的[[軌道]]都繞著系統的中心。這樣的系統非常罕見,只有少數的六合星已經被觀測到<ref name=Zasche/>。更多的多星系統更為難見,因為它們比簡單的恆星系統更不穩定,並且經常摔變成更小的系統。 |
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== 参考文献 == |
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== 多重性 == |
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<div style="float:left; width:260px; border:solid black 1px; text-align: center; margin: 8px; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%;"> |
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{{chart/start}} |
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{{chart|border=1| | | | | |, |S1|S1='''Aa1''' }} |
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{{chart|border=0| | | | |, |( |PA|PA=Period = 1.73d<br>a = 0.2 mas }} |
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{{chart|border=1| | | |, |( |` |S2|S2='''Aa2''' }} |
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{{chart|border=0| | | |! |! |PB| |PB=Period = 641d<br>a = 11 mas }} |
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{{chart|border=1| | |, |( |` |S3| |S3='''Ab''' }} |
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{{chart|border=0| | |! |! |PC| | |PC=Period = 118y<br>a = 0.18″ }} |
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{{chart|border=1| |,|( |` |S4| | |S4='''B''' }} |
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{{chart|border=0| |!|! |PD| | | |PD=3.4″ separation }} |
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{{chart|border=1| |(|` |S5| | | |S5='''C''' }} |
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{{chart|border=0| |!|PE| | | | |PE=63″ separation }} |
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{{chart|border=1| |`|S6| | | | |S6='''D''' }} |
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{{chart/end}} |
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大熊座65系統的軌道層次</div> |
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在中心的一對恆星都是[[恆星光譜#A型|A型]][[主序星]]。它們是相對明亮的白色恆星,質量通常介於{{solar mass|1.6|link=yes}}至{{solar mass|2.4}}之間<ref>{{cite journal|title=The physical properties of normal A stars|author=Adelman, Saul J.|journal=Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union|volume=2004|pages=1–11|date=2004|bibcode=2004IAUS..224....1A|doi=10.1017/S1743921304004314|doi-access=free}}</ref>。大熊座65 Aa1和Aa2都是相對而言質量較低的A型主序星,[[恆星光譜|光譜類型]]都是A7V<ref name=Zasche/>。這兩顆星在軌道運行時會定期的從對方前面經過,因此它們是一對[[聯星#食雙星|食聯星]],並有[[變星命名法|變星]]名稱,'''大熊座DN '''。所以,這個系統的[[視星等]]在6.6和6.7等之間變動著<ref name=GCVS>{{cite journal|bibcode=2009yCat....1.2025S|title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)|journal=VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S|volume=1|display-authors=etal|author1=Samus, N. N.|author2=Durlevich, O. V.|year=2009}}</ref>,它的[[軌道週期]]為1.73日<ref name=Zasche/>。 |
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這一對食聯星大熊座65 Aa,被另一顆恆星大熊座65Ab環繞著。這是一對[[聯星#光譜聯星|光譜聯星]]:雖然不能以[[角分辨率|分辨率]]來解析,但它們[[光譜]]中有著週期性的[[都卜勒效應|都卜勒頻移]],表明一定有軌道運動。這一對光譜聯星的軌道週期為641天(1.76年),[[軌道離心率|離心率]]為0.169<ref name=Zasche/>。 |
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大熊座65B每118年繞行前述這三顆恆星一次。它與三重星相隔0.18",並且計算得到一個[[聯星#天測聯星|天體量測]]軌道。大熊座65 C和D有著共同的[[自行]],與系統中心恆星的距離分別是4"和63"<ref name=Zasche/>。大熊座65 D似乎也是一顆[[特殊恆星]],它的[[鉻]]、[[鈦]]和[[銪]]的量比正常值高<ref name=Abt>{{cite journal|title=The Relation between Rotational Velocities and Spectral Peculiarities among A-Type Stars|author1=Abt, Helmut A.|author2=Morrell, Nidia I.|journal=Astrophysical Journal Supplement|volume=95|page=135|date=1995|bibcode=1995ApJS...99..135A|doi=10.1086/192182}}</ref>。由於其異常的組成,要確定其恆星參數是困難的:這顆恆星的[[有效溫度]]可能是9,300或9,500[[熱力學溫標|K]],恆星的[[恆星半徑|半徑]]和[[表面重力]]取決於有效溫度。 |
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<br><!-- to move the See also section down --> |
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== 相關條目 == |
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*[[北河二]]:另一個六合星組成的多星系統。 |
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*[[水委二]]:包含一對食聯星的多星系統。 |
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== 參考資料 == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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{{Sky|11|55|05.75|+|46|28|37|763}} |
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{{star-stub}} |
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{{Stars of Ursa Major}} |
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{{大熊座恒星}} |
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[[Category:大熊座]] |
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[[Category:光譜聯星]] |
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[[Category:大陵五變星]] |
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[[Category:多星系統|6]] |
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[[Category:HIP天體|058112]] |
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[[Category:HD和HDE天體|103483]] |
[[Category:HD和HDE天體|103483]] |
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[[Category:HR天體|4560]] |
[[Category:HR天體|4560]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:波恩天體]] |
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[[Category:以變星命名法命名的天體|大熊座DN]] |
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[[Category:佛氏天體|大熊座65]] |
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[[Category:A-型主序星]] |
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[[Category:大熊座]] |
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[[Category:Ap恆星]] |
2021年7月22日 (四) 08:56的版本
观测数据 曆元 J2000 分點 J2000 | |
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星座 | 大熊座 |
大熊座65 ABC | |
赤經 | 11h 55m 05.74925s[1] |
赤緯 | +46° 28′ 36.6408″[1] |
視星等 (V) | +6.54[2]
(A/B/C = 6.7 / 8.5 / 8.32)[3] |
65 UMa D | |
赤經 | 11h 55m 11.33152s[1] |
赤緯 | +46° 28′ 11.2150″[1] |
視星等 (V) | +6.965[4] |
特性 | |
光谱分类 | A7 / A7 / A3 / ? / ?[5] |
U−B 色指数 | +0.08[2] |
B−V 色指数 | +0.11[2] |
变星类型 | 大陵五[5] |
天体测定 | |
大熊座65 ABC | |
徑向速度 (Rv) | -3.90 ± 4.4[6] km/s |
自行 (μ) | 赤经:10.41[1] mas/yr 赤纬:2.38[1] mas/yr |
视差 (π) | 4.72 ± 0.58[1] mas |
距离 | approx. 690 ly (approx. 210 pc) |
65 UMa D | |
徑向速度 (Rv) | -7.00 ± 3.7[7] km/s |
自行 (μ) | 赤经:11.82[1] mas/yr 赤纬:0.39[1] mas/yr |
軌道[5] | |
主星 | 大熊座65 A |
伴星 | 大熊座65 B |
繞行週期 (P) | 118.209 ± 0.690 yr |
半長軸 (a) | 208.2 ± 9.7 mas |
偏心率 (e) | 0.504 ± 0.006 |
倾斜角 (i) | 38.1 ± 2.4° |
升交点黃經 (Ω) | 92.1 ± 4.2° |
近心点 曆元 (T) | 2447516.9 ± 126.8 |
近心點幅角 (ω) (secondary) | 202.7 ± 1.3° |
詳細資料 | |
大熊座65 Aa1 | |
質量 | 1.74 ± 0.06[5] M☉ |
半徑 | 1.86 ± 0.08[5] R☉ |
溫度 | 8000[5] K |
大熊座65 Aa2 | |
質量 | 1.71 ± 0.06[5] M☉ |
半徑 | 1.81 ± 0.08[5] R☉ |
溫度 | 7948 ± 20[5] K |
65 UMa D | |
半徑 | 4.39–4.56[8] R☉ |
表面重力 (log g) | 3.5–3.6[8] |
溫度 | 9300–9500[8] K |
其他命名 | |
參考資料庫 | |
SIMBAD | 大熊座65 |
大熊座65 AB | |
大熊座65 C | |
大熊座65 D |
大熊座65(65 UMa)是在大熊座這個星座內的一個恆星系統。它的視星等為6.5等[2],這是人類視力極限,因此肉眼幾乎看不見。由依巴谷衛星進行的三角視差測量,得到它的距離約為690光年(210秒差距)[1];這與力學視差的值 763正負95光年(234正負29秒差距)是一致的[5]。
大熊座65是一個六合星系統。這六顆星在層次軌道上,每顆恆星的軌道都繞著系統的中心。這樣的系統非常罕見,只有少數的六合星已經被觀測到[5]。更多的多星系統更為難見,因為它們比簡單的恆星系統更不穩定,並且經常摔變成更小的系統。
多重性
Aa1 | |||||||||||||||||
Period = 1.73d a = 0.2 mas | |||||||||||||||||
Aa2 | |||||||||||||||||
Period = 641d a = 11 mas | |||||||||||||||||
Ab | |||||||||||||||||
Period = 118y a = 0.18″ | |||||||||||||||||
B | |||||||||||||||||
3.4″ separation | |||||||||||||||||
C | |||||||||||||||||
63″ separation | |||||||||||||||||
D | |||||||||||||||||
在中心的一對恆星都是A型主序星。它們是相對明亮的白色恆星,質量通常介於1.6 M☉至2.4 M☉之間[9]。大熊座65 Aa1和Aa2都是相對而言質量較低的A型主序星,光譜類型都是A7V[5]。這兩顆星在軌道運行時會定期的從對方前面經過,因此它們是一對食聯星,並有變星名稱,大熊座DN 。所以,這個系統的視星等在6.6和6.7等之間變動著[10],它的軌道週期為1.73日[5]。
這一對食聯星大熊座65 Aa,被另一顆恆星大熊座65Ab環繞著。這是一對光譜聯星:雖然不能以分辨率來解析,但它們光譜中有著週期性的都卜勒頻移,表明一定有軌道運動。這一對光譜聯星的軌道週期為641天(1.76年),離心率為0.169[5]。
大熊座65B每118年繞行前述這三顆恆星一次。它與三重星相隔0.18",並且計算得到一個天體量測軌道。大熊座65 C和D有著共同的自行,與系統中心恆星的距離分別是4"和63"[5]。大熊座65 D似乎也是一顆特殊恆星,它的鉻、鈦和銪的量比正常值高[11]。由於其異常的組成,要確定其恆星參數是困難的:這顆恆星的有效溫度可能是9,300或9,500K,恆星的半徑和表面重力取決於有效溫度。
相關條目
參考資料
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天球赤道座標: 11h 55m 05.75s,+46° 28′ 37″