西吡氯銨

西吡氯銨
	IUPAC名; 1-Hexadecylpyridinium chloride
別名	Acetoquat CPC; ; Pyrisept EXADECYL-PYRIDINIUM, CHLORIDE
識別
CAS號	123-03-5 ; 6004-24-6（(monohydrate) D08AJ03,; D09AA07 (dressing), R02AA06）
PubChem	31239
ChemSpider	28979
SMILES	[Cl-].[n+]1(ccccc1)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC;
InChI	1/C21H38N.ClH/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-16-19-22-20-17-15-18-21-22;/h15,17-18,20-21H,2-14,16,19H2,1H3;1H/q+1;/p-1;
InChIKey	YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-REWHXWOFAU
Beilstein	3578606
ChEBI	32915
性質
化學式	C21H38ClN
摩爾質量	339.99 g·mol−1
外觀	Solid
熔點	77 °C（350 K）
藥理學
ATC代碼	B05CA01（B05）
危險性
	致死量或濃度：
LD50（中位劑量）	36 mg/kg (rabbit, iv); 400 mg/kg (rabbit, oral); 6 mg/kg (rat, ip); 30 mg/kg (rat, iv); 200 mg/kg (rat, oral); 250 mg/kg (rat, sc); 10 mg/kg (mouse, ip); 108 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
	若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

西吡氯銨（cetylpyridinium chloride，CPC）是一種陽離子季銨鹽化合物，屬陽離子表面活性劑，全名：氯化十六烷基吡啶水合物^[2]（1-氯化十六烷基吡啶的一水合物^[3]），主要通過降低表面張力而起到抑菌和殺菌作用，對於細菌、病毒、真菌等均有良好療效。該化合物用於某些類型的漱口水、牙膏、潤喉糖、咽喉噴霧劑（英語：Chloraseptic）、口腔噴霧劑和鼻腔噴霧劑（英語：Nasal spray）中。

西吡氯銨是一種抗菌劑，但不屬於抗生素^[4]，可殺死細菌和其他微生物。它已證明能有效預防牙菌斑和減少牙齦炎^[5]^[6]，還可用於某些殺蟲劑中^[7]。

參考文獻[編輯]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 Lewis, Richard J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials 9th. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold. 1996: 691.
^ 趙楠, 吳桐, 王娟, 等. 西吡氯銨含片治療口腔念珠菌病臨床療效觀察 [J/CD] . 中華口腔醫學研究雜誌（電子版）,2018,12 (3): 158-163. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2018.03.004
^ https://www.nmpa.gov.cn/wwwroot/hy5/094.htm
^ Xu H, Zou G, Zhang X. [Clinical observation of cetylpyridinium chloride buccal tablets combined with Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of acute pharyngitis]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2020 Aug;34(8):755-757. Chinese. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2020.08.018. PMID 32842213; PMCID: PMC10127928.
^ Asadoorian, Joanna; Williams, Karen. Cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse on gingivitis and plaque. Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 82 (5).
^ Haps, S.; Slot, D. E.; Berchier, C. E.; Van Der Weijden, G. A. The effect of cetylpyridinium chloride-containing mouth rinses as adjuncts to toothbrushing on plaque and parameters of gingival inflammation: A systematic review. International Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 6 (4): 290–303. PMID 19138180. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00344.x.
^ Rahman, B.; Alkawas, S.; Al Zubaidi, E. A.; Adel, O. I.; Hawas, N. Comparative antiplaque and antigingivitis effectiveness of tea tree oil mouthwash and a cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash: A randomized controlled crossover study. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2014, 5 (4): 466–470. PMC 4229754 . PMID 25395761. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.142813.

[sax-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 Lewis, Richard J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials 9th. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold. 1996: 691.

[2] 趙楠, 吳桐, 王娟, 等. 西吡氯銨含片治療口腔念珠菌病臨床療效觀察 [J/CD] . 中華口腔醫學研究雜誌（電子版）,2018,12 (3): 158-163. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2018.03.004

[3] ttps://www.nmpa.gov.cn/wwwroot/hy5/094.htm

[4] Xu H, Zou G, Zhang X. [Clinical observation of cetylpyridinium chloride buccal tablets combined with Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of acute pharyngitis]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2020 Aug;34(8):755-757. Chinese. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2020.08.018. PMID 32842213; PMCID: PMC10127928.

[5] Asadoorian, Joanna; Williams, Karen. Cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse on gingivitis and plaque. Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 82 (5).

[haps-6] Haps, S.; Slot, D. E.; Berchier, C. E.; Van Der Weijden, G. A. The effect of cetylpyridinium chloride-containing mouth rinses as adjuncts to toothbrushing on plaque and parameters of gingival inflammation: A systematic review. International Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 6 (4): 290–303. PMID 19138180. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00344.x.

[uslc-1-7] Rahman, B.; Alkawas, S.; Al Zubaidi, E. A.; Adel, O. I.; Hawas, N. Comparative antiplaque and antigingivitis effectiveness of tea tree oil mouthwash and a cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash: A randomized controlled crossover study. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2014, 5 (4): 466–470. PMC 4229754 . PMID 25395761. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.142813.

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