森林地貌完整指数
外观
此条目需要补充更多来源。 (2022年8月6日) |
森林地貌完整指数 (英语:Forest Landscape Integrity Index,FLII) 是按人为改造程度衡量的森林状况年度全球指数。由48 位科学家组成的团队创建的FLII在测量全球3亿像素的森林时发现,约 1740万平方公里的森林具有较高的景观完整性(得分为 9.6-10)、1460万具有中等完整性(6-9.6)、约1220万平方公里具有低完整性(0-6)。
森林地貌完整指数发现,大多数剩余的高完整性森林景观位于加拿大、俄罗斯、落基山脉、阿拉斯加、亚马逊、圭亚那、智利南部、中非和新几内亚。 另一方面,低完整性森林分布在西欧和中欧、美国西南部、新几内亚以西的东南亚、安第斯山脉、中国和印度的大部分地区、阿尔伯丁裂谷、西非、中美洲和巴西的大西洋森林。
国家列表
[编辑]172 个国家排名如下 [1]
国家 | 平均FLII | 低完整度 (km2) | 中完整度 (km2) | 高完整度 (km2) | 森林总面积 (km2) | 地图 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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10 | 0 | 0 | 68 | 68 | ![]() |
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9.8 | 1 | 72 | 495 | 569 | ![]() |
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9.58 | 4,162 | 40,817 | 147,413 | 192,391 | ![]() |
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9.45 | 5,083 | 59,389 | 146,218 | 210,691 | ![]() |
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9.39 | 6,796 | 25,031 | 107,954 | 139,781 | ![]() |
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9.36 | 520 | 11,915 | 27,407 | 39,841 | ![]() |
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9.28 | 30,161 | 139,350 | 379,097 | 548,608 | ![]() |
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9.13 | 13 | 187 | 372 | 572 | ![]() |
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9.07 | 11,780 | 118,348 | 120,852 | 250,979 | ![]() |
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9.02 | 739,484 | 2,245,281 | 5,137,079 | 8,121,843 | ![]() |
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8.99 | 480,206 | 1,027,386 | 2,968,268 | 4,475,860 | ![]() |
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8.89 | 24,512 | 124,215 | 158,184 | 306,911 | ![]() |
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8.86 | 329 | 2,819 | 2,761 | 5,909 | ![]() |
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8.86 | 85,793 | 190,547 | 509,720 | 786,061 | ![]() |
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8.85 | 90 | 1,475 | 977 | 2,542 | ![]() |
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8.85 | 1,620 | 16,769 | 10,140 | 28,529 | ![]() |
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8.84 | 37,294 | 183,415 | 216,355 | 437,064 | ![]() |
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8.82 | 734 | 5,322 | 4,448 | 10,504 | ![]() |
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8.78 | 64,650 | 170,792 | 351,112 | 586,554 | ![]() |
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8.65 | 34 | 137 | 130 | 301 | ![]() |
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8.47 | 78,745 | 280,532 | 272,007 | 631,284 | ![]() |
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8.43 | 5 | 13 | 17 | 36 | ![]() |
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8.35 | 105,487 | 284,054 | 315,895 | 705,436 | ![]() |
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8.35 | 1,753 | 10,802 | 3,594 | 16,148 | ![]() |
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8.26 | 150,737 | 272,442 | 428,320 | 851,499 | ![]() |
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8.23 | 6,068 | 18,926 | 15,294 | 40,288 | ![]() |
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8.09 | 45 | 333 | 9 | 387 | ![]() |
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8.02 | 8,374 | 40,156 | 8,410 | 56,939 | ![]() |
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8 | 66,191 | 181,336 | 119,263 | 366,789 | ![]() |
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7.99 | 3,982 | 17,595 | 5,007 | 26,585 | ![]() |
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7.79 | 6,982 | 17,803 | 9,784 | 34,570 | ![]() |
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7.71 | 1,102 | 2,842 | 1,498 | 5,442 | ![]() |
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7.69 | 284 | 1,149 | 82 | 1,515 | ![]() |
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7.67 | 3,361 | 12,930 | 2,162 | 18,453 | ![]() |
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7.66 | 48,822 | 77,585 | 73,492 | 199,900 | ![]() |
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7.56 | 533,118 | 935,508 | 727,983 | 2,196,608 | ![]() |
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7.55 | 8 | 35 | 0 | 43 | ![]() |
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7.52 | 1,374,902 | 1,354,961 | 2,338,101 | 5,067,963 | ![]() |
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7.5 | 96,969 | 164,376 | 110,822 | 372,167 | ![]() |
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7.42 | 2,034 | 7,090 | 459 | 9,583 | ![]() |
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7.42 | 2,090 | 7,859 | 1,139 | 11,088 | ![]() |
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7.4 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | ![]() |
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7.37 | 56,849 | 41,971 | 93,537 | 192,357 | ![]() |
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7.35 | 741 | 1,935 | 399 | 3,075 | ![]() |
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7.23 | 13,785 | 41,992 | 3,760 | 59,538 | ![]() |
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7.22 | 117,672 | 239,624 | 103,852 | 461,148 | ![]() |
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7.21 | 98,249 | 189,966 | 72,557 | 360,772 | ![]() |
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7.19 | 6,871 | 15,310 | 3,149 | 25,329 | ![]() |
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7.18 | 129,745 | 220,188 | 96,924 | 446,857 | ![]() |
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7.16 | 52,652 | 84,430 | 44,397 | 181,479 | ![]() |
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7.16 | 451 | 996 | 140 | 1,586 | ![]() |
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7.16 | 347 | 1,384 | 46 | 1,777 | ![]() |
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7.14 | 533,800 | 974,431 | 301,051 | 1,809,282 | ![]() |
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7.13 | 123,997 | 159,712 | 122,812 | 406,521 | ![]() |
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7.12 | 34,503 | 44,155 | 35,334 | 113,992 | ![]() |
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7.11 | 847 | 2,456 | 162 | 3,465 | ![]() |
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7.11 | 1,783 | 7,008 | 47 | 8,838 | ![]() |
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7.09 | 117,992 | 254,792 | 54,428 | 427,211 | ![]() |
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7.06 | 388 | 1,026 | 18 | 1,432 | ![]() |
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6.98 | 39,343 | 67,383 | 16,627 | 123,352 | ![]() |
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6.95 | 91 | 221 | 0 | 312 | ![]() |
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6.93 | 150,665 | 189,362 | 115,379 | 455,406 | ![]() |
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6.82 | 193,908 | 280,445 | 121,842 | 596,195 | ![]() |
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6.77 | 2,426 | 5,256 | 122 | 7,805 | ![]() |
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6.77 | 214 | 227 | 199 | 640 | ![]() |
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6.74 | 2,260 | 4,076 | 451 | 6,787 | ![]() |
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6.65 | 1,328,079 | 1,144,693 | 658,645 | 3,131,417 | ![]() |
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6.64 | 31 | 140 | 0 | 171 | ![]() |
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6.62 | 1,478 | 2,176 | 418 | 4,072 | ![]() |
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6.6 | 14,548 | 27,833 | 1,078 | 43,459 | ![]() |
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6.6 | 535,370 | 509,018 | 431,973 | 1,476,361 | ![]() |
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6.55 | 4,820 | 7,189 | 1,534 | 13,543 | ![]() |
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6.41 | 2,949 | 4,778 | 82 | 7,809 | ![]() |
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6.39 | 78,538 | 102,626 | 29,877 | 211,041 | ![]() |
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6.39 | 43,043 | 68,243 | 3,516 | 114,801 | ![]() |
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6.38 | 8,786 | 14,547 | 1,453 | 24,786 | ![]() |
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6.37 | 27 | 38 | 0 | 65 | ![]() |
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6.37 | 25,420 | 21,310 | 14,605 | 61,336 | ![]() |
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6.31 | 30,143 | 31,939 | 16,349 | 78,431 | ![]() |
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6.31 | 5 | 33 | 0 | 37 | ![]() |
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6.31 | 9,450 | 14,417 | 1,644 | 25,511 | ![]() |
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6.2 | 64,621 | 65,355 | 24,307 | 154,283 | ![]() |
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6.18 | 5,261 | 6,016 | 1,910 | 13,187 | ![]() |
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6.17 | 235 | 316 | 0 | 551 | ![]() |
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6.15 | 7,004 | 7,957 | 2,744 | 17,705 | ![]() |
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6.09 | 18,884 | 26,325 | 847 | 46,057 | ![]() |
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6.02 | 25,060 | 32,009 | 888 | 57,956 | ![]() |
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6 | 86,276 | 89,326 | 33,612 | 209,214 | ![]() |
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5.99 | 13,387 | 17,031 | 574 | 30,993 | ![]() |
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5.95 | 38,395 | 48,394 | 607 | 87,395 | ![]() |
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5.91 | 91,820 | 100,831 | 8,393 | 201,044 | ![]() |
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5.88 | 5,064 | 4,522 | 1,076 | 10,662 | ![]() |
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5.86 | 4,724 | 3,698 | 1,769 | 10,191 | ![]() |
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5.83 | 20,.541 | 22,390 | 1,613 | 44,544 | ![]() |
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5.8 | 135,783 | 133,480 | 16,005 | 285,268 | ![]() |
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5.74 | 12,514 | 12,167 | 2,396 | 27,078 | ![]() |
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5.7 | 9,274 | 8,702 | 855 | 18,831 | ![]() |
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5.59 | 92,986 | 80,564 | 19,252 | 192,801 | ![]() |
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5.46 | 1,894 | 1,681 | 3 | 3,577 | ![]() |
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5.46 | 567 | 478 | 0 | 1,045 | ![]() |
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5.45 | 10,013 | 7,251 | 1,947 | 19,211 | ![]() |
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5.4 | 22,605 | 18,460 | 1,632 | 42,697 | ![]() |
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5.35 | 174,415 | 109,779 | 23,494 | 307,687 | ![]() |
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5.35 | 82,551 | 75,353 | 9,588 | 167,492 | ![]() |
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5.29 | 17,513 | 14,112 | 516 | 32,141 | ![]() |
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5.22 | 7,418 | 6,044 | 81 | 13,543 | ![]() |
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5.19 | 2,628 | 1,775 | 47 | 4,450 | ![]() |
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5.14 | 1,354 | 987 | 0 | 2,340 | ![]() |
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5.08 | 144,310 | 83,572 | 9,294 | 237,176 | ![]() |
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5.01 | 5,362 | 3,249 | 158 | 8,770 | ![]() |
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5.01 | 130,825 | 91,957 | 21,499 | 244,281 | ![]() |
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4.94 | 45,489 | 34,968 | 3,196 | 83,653 | ![]() |
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4.92 | 15,732 | 10,522 | 379 | 26,633 | ![]() |
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4.9 | 81,702 | 54,877 | 2,895 | 139,475 | ![]() |
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4.85 | 15 | 2 | 0 | 17 | ![]() |
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4.79 | 51,975 | 31,162 | 11,025 | 94,163 | ![]() |
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4.72 | 114 | 92 | 0 | 206 | ![]() |
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4.65 | 27,164 | 12,838 | 4,164 | 44,167 | ![]() |
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4.63 | 120,340 | 66,584 | 11,922 | 198,846 | ![]() |
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4.56 | 181 | 85 | 0 | 266 | ![]() |
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4.55 | 95 | 50 | 0 | 145 | ![]() |
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4.53 | 57,519 | 28,901 | 2,160 | 88,580 | ![]() |
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4.52 | 161,987 | 49,496 | 74,121 | 285,604 | ![]() |
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4.5 | 6,882 | 3,841 | 46 | 10,769 | ![]() |
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4.5 | 59 | 42 | 0 | 101 | ![]() |
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4.48 | 57,899 | 23,802 | 3,692 | 85,392 | ![]() |
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4.45 | 170 | 49 | 0 | 219 | ![]() |
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4.36 | 77,303 | 36,381 | 7,507 | 121,190 | ![]() |
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4.34 | 17,615 | 8,165 | 0 | 25,781 | ![]() |
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4.23 | 82,770 | 46,013 | 133 | 128,916 | ![]() |
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4.22 | 221 | 86 | 0 | 308 | ![]() |
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4.21 | 5,054 | 2,501 | 14 | 7,569 | ![]() |
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4.2 | 28,427 | 13,558 | 4,702 | 46,686 | ![]() |
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4.19 | 19,890 | 9,364 | 518 | 29,772 | ![]() |
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4.14 | 170 | 85 | 0 | 255 | ![]() |
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4.05 | 8,837 | 2,947 | 0 | 11,784 | ![]() |
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4.01 | 7,116 | 2,831 | 12 | 9,959 | ![]() |
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3.85 | 58,572 | 18,764 | 5,592 | 82,928 | ![]() |
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3.85 | 5,665 | 2,170 | 619 | 8,454 | ![]() |
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3.78 | 11,065 | 3,791 | 0 | 14,856 | ![]() |
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3.76 | 541 | 115 | 0 | 656 | ![]() |
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3.65 | 79,403 | 26,858 | 25 | 106,286 | ![]() |
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3.64 | 158,010 | 41,005 | 7,288 | 206,303 | ![]() |
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3.64 | 841 | 282 | 0 | 1,123 | ![]() |
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3.63 | 77,870 | 20,847 | 91 | 98,808 | ![]() |
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3.63 | 65,356 | 17,646 | 4,858 | 87,860 | ![]() |
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3.61 | 11,793 | 3,998 | 0 | 15,791 | ![]() |
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3.59 | 104 | 9 | 0 | 113 | ![]() |
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3.55 | 36,666 | 12,422 | 21 | 49,109 | ![]() |
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3.53 | 13,636 | 4,412 | 10 | 18,058 | ![]() |
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3.3 | 89,540 | 20,183 | 176 | 109,900 | ![]() |
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3.05 | 24,473 | 4,832 | 52 | 29,358 | ![]() |
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2.79 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 12 | ![]() |
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2.76 | 52,512 | 11,858 | 640 | 65,010 | ![]() |
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2.28 | 122,168 | 11,307 | 0 | 133,475 | ![]() |
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2.25 | 18,729 | 2,047 | 0 | 20,776 | ![]() |
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2.24 | 101,886 | 7,103 | 0 | 108,989 | ![]() |
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2.2 | 3,113 | 202 | 0 | 3,315 | ![]() |
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2.09 | 38,164 | 2,137 | 0 | 40,301 | ![]() |
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1.71 | 32,161 | 1,611 | 0 | 33,772 | ![]() |
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1.65 | 29,149 | 2,917 | 35 | 32,101 | ![]() |
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1.62 | 24.,554 | 930 | 0 | 25,484 | ![]() |
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1.36 | 8,803 | 297 | 0 | 9,099 | ![]() |
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1.12 | 1,170 | 0 | 0 | 1,170 | ![]() |
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1.11 | 170 | 2 | 0 | 172 | ![]() |
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1.06 | 531 | 2 | 0 | 533 | ![]() |
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0.92 | 5,283 | 96 | 0 | 5,378 | ![]() |
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0.82 | 25,966 | 553 | 0 | 26,519 | ![]() |
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0.6 | 5,250 | 72 | 0 | 5,322 | ![]() |
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0.56 | 4,772 | 218 | 69 | 5,059 | ![]() |
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0.5 | 5,756 | 31 | 0 | 5,787 | ![]() |
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0.01 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | ![]() |
高平均FLII (8-10) 国家 中平均FLII (5-7.99) 国家 低平均FLII (0-4.99) 国家
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参考资料
[编辑]- ^ Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.; Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material. Nature Communications. 2020, 11 (1): 5978. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 7723057
. PMID 33293507. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3
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