南鳥類
外觀
南鳥類 | |
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紅隼, Falco tinnunculus | |
科學分類 | |
界: | 動物界 Animalia |
門: | 脊索動物門 Chordata |
綱: | 鳥綱 Aves |
演化支: | 今顎類 Neognathae |
演化支: | 新鳥類 Neoaves |
演化支: | 雀類 Passerea |
演化支: | 陸鳥類 Telluraves |
演化支: | 南鳥類 Australaves Ericson, 2012 |
演化支 | |
南鳥類(學名:Australaves)[1]是近年來才定義的鳥類演化支[2],由真隼形類(學名:Eufalconimorphae,包括:雀鳥、鸚鵡和隼),以及叫鶴目(學名:Cariamiformes,包括:叫鶴和已滅絕的駭鳥)組成[3]。它們是非洲禽類的姊妹群[3]。南鳥類與非洲禽類演化支的基群皆有現生的猛禽,顯示兩者的共祖可能皆是掠食性的鳥類[4]。然而部分研究學者,比如達倫·奈什,對這種說法抱持保留的態度:例如叫鶴目中已滅絕的鴞鷲即為植食性,而非掠食性的鳥類[5]。而基群鸚鵡和隼類的體型有些像烏鴉,可能是雜食性的[6]。
南鳥類 Australaves |
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參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ Kimball RT, Wang N, Heimer-McGinn V, Ferguson C, Braun EL. Identifying localized biases in large datasets: A case study using the Avian Tree of Life.. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (Mol Phylogenet Evol). 2013, 69 (3): 1021–1032. PMID 23791948. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.029.
- ^ Ericson, P. G. Evolution of terrestrial birds in three continents: biogeography and parallel radiations. Journal of Biogeography. 2012, 39 (5): 813–824. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02650.x.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Prum, R.O. et al. (2015) A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館). Nature 526, 569–573.
- ^ Jarvis, E. D.; Mirarab, S.; Aberer, A. J.; Li, B.; Houde, P.; Li, C.; Ho, S. Y. W.; Faircloth, B. C.; Nabholz, B.; Howard, J. T.; Suh, A.; Weber, C. C.; Da Fonseca, R. R.; Li, J.; Zhang, F.; Li, H.; Zhou, L.; Narula, N.; Liu, L.; Ganapathy, G.; Boussau, B.; Bayzid, M. S.; Zavidovych, V.; Subramanian, S.; Gabaldon, T.; Capella-Gutierrez, S.; Huerta-Cepas, J.; Rekepalli, B.; Munch, K.; et al. Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds (PDF). Science. 2014, 346 (6215): 1320–1331 [2015-08-29]. PMC 4405904 . PMID 25504713. doi:10.1126/science.1253451. (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2015-02-24).
- ^ Mayr, G. & Ritchter, G. (2011) Exceptionally preserved plant parenchyma in the digestive tract indicates a herbivorous diet in the Middle Eocene bird Strigogyps sapea (Ameghinornithidae) (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館). Paläontologische Zeitschrift, Volume 85, Issue 3, pp 303–307.
- ^ L. D. Martin. 2010. Paleogene avifauna of the holarctic. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 48:367-374