哈乃斐派

哈乃斐派（حَنَفِي‎，羅馬字：Ḥanafī）是伊斯蘭教法學的一大法學派別，屬於遜尼派。^[1]由艾布·哈尼法所成立，最初流行於伊拉克庫法一帶。

在阿拔斯王朝的支持下，哈乃斐派在伊拉克蓬勃發展，並向東擴展，到了9世紀，逐漸在呼羅珊和河中地區鞏固了自身的地位，並得到了當地薩曼尼德帝國統治者的支持。^[2] 突厥語的傳播將該教派引入了印度次大陸和安納托利亞，並被採納為奧斯曼帝國的主要教法學派。^[3]

教法的權威來源之重要性由高至低排列為：古蘭經、聖訓、公議、伊智提哈德、類比、伊斯提哈桑、最後是當地習俗（英語：Urf）。在審慎時限制引用聖訓^[4]，比較重視類比和公議。中國穆斯林普遍遵循哈乃斐主張。

參考文獻[編輯]

^ Ramadan, Hisham M. Understanding Islamic Law: From Classical to Contemporary. Rowman Altamira. 2006: 24–29. ISBN 978-0-7591-0991-9.
^ Hallaq, Wael. The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2010: 173–174. ISBN 9780521005807.
^ Hallaq, Wael. An Introduction to Islamic Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2009: 37. ISBN 978-0521678735.
^ 哈乃斐及其学派. 伊斯蘭之光. 2008年8月20日 [2010年10月20日]. （原始內容存檔於2020年11月16日）（中文（簡體））.

Branon Wheeler, Applying the Canon in Islam: The Authorization and Maintenance of Interpretive Reasoning in Ḥanafī Scholarship （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (Albany, SUNY Press, 1996).
Nurit Tsafrir, The History of an Islamic School of Law: The Early Spread of Hanafism (Harvard, Harvard Law School, 2004) (Harvard Series in Islamic Law, 3).
Behnam Sadeghi (2013), The Logic of Law Making in Islam: Women and Prayer in the Legal Tradition, Cambridge University Press, Chapter 6, "The Historical Development of Hanafi Reasoning", ISBN 978-1107009097
Theory of Hanafi law: Kitab Al-Athar of Imam Abu Hanifah, Translator: Abdussamad, Editors: Mufti 'Abdur Rahman Ibn Yusuf, Shaykh Muhammad Akram (Oxford Centre of Islamic Studies), ISBN 978-0954738013
Hanafi theory of war and taxation: Majid Khadduri (1966), The Islamic Law of Nations: Shaybani's, Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 978-0801869754
Burak, Guy. The Second Formation of Islamic Law: The Ḥanafī School in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2015. ISBN 978-1-107-09027-9.

Hanafiyya （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） Bulend Shanay, Lancaster University
Kitab al-siyar al-saghir (Summary version of the Hanafi doctrine of War) Muhammad al-Shaybani, Translator - Mahmood Ghazi
The Legal Aspects of Marriage according to Hanafi Fiqh （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） Islamic Quarterly London, 1985, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 193–219
Al-Hedaya, A 12th century compilation of Hanafi fiqh-based religious law, by Burhan al-Din al-Marghinani, Translated by Charles Hamilton
Development of family law in Afghanistan: The role of the Hanafi Madhhab Central Asian Survey, Volume 16, Issue 3, 1997