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用户:CreeperDigital1903/对金正日逝世的反应

维基百科，自由的百科全书
金正日

许多国家、组织和个人于2011年12月就金正日逝世做出反应。据有线电视新闻网报道，与其他国家的领导人的逝世相比，金正日逝世后各机构反应“相对平静”。在朝鲜中央电视台公布金正日死讯后，仅寥寥数国就此立即做出反应。美国等国借此评论与韩国的关系[1]。韩国未予做出官方吊唁，该决定反映天安舰沉没事件后南北关系恶化以及延坪岛炮战、1994年金日成逝世后韩国政府之立场[2]。 中华人民共和国外交部称金正日为“伟大领导者”，并补充说北京将继续为朝鲜提供支持。日本表示哀悼，并表示希望金正日的死不会对该地区造成不利影响。欧洲诸国反应不乏希望和警戒[3]。朝鲜官方就金正日的死表示高度悲痛，并支持金正恩继位[4]。

朝鲜半岛方面

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朝鲜

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朝中社于2011年12月19日公布死讯，下为节选：

国防委员会委员长金正日之遗体将于（12月）17日至29日置于锦绣山纪念宫。访客在（12月）20日至27日可瞻仰遗体。28日举行告别式。29日举行中央追悼大会。届时平壤及朝鲜各道，将有一个炮兵致敬，默哀三分，所有官方车辆和船只鸣笛默哀。

图片显示平壤街头有许多人为金正日的死而痛哭[5][6]。街头可见人们聚集在一起表达敬意，下跪、哀号、拳头捶地者比比皆是[7]。

英国广播公司引述朝鲜中央通讯社报道，人们因金正日的逝世而感到痛苦和绝望，但将团结在其继任者金正恩身边。他们说，全体朝鲜劳动党党员、人民军官兵和人民群众要忠于金正恩同志的领导，维护和进一步加强党、军、民的统一战线[5]。

工作场所和地方政府部门组织会议以营造适当的哀悼氛围。人民班强调了金正日的遗训，学校和工作单位组成的团体纷纷前往金日成塑像和其他主要纪念设施表达敬意[8]。

韩国

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金正日死讯公布后，韩国国军高度戒备[9]。韩国国家情报院因担心朝鲜的政治角逐可能会破坏该地区的稳定召开紧急会议[5]。李明博总统取消了周一剩余的行程，并在一份声明中宣称：“为了大韩民国的未来，朝鲜半岛的和平与稳定比什么都重要。它不应该受到已经发生的事情的威胁。我们必须为维护和平稳定做好周密准备，继续与国际社会密切合作……呼吁所有公民坚定不移地过好自己的生活，以免影响朝鲜半岛的和平与稳定”[10]。统一部称韩国政府没有官员就此表示哀悼。韩国前总统金大中89岁的遗孀李希浩和现代集团董事长玄正恩率领一个由18名韩国人组成的私人团体进行了为期两天的访问，官方媒体于12月26日刊出金正恩迎接代表团的图片[11]。

国际组织

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  • 欧洲联盟 欧盟 –欧盟外交和安全政策高级代表艾嘉莲表示：“欧盟正在密切监视局势，并与其盟友接触，以期分享有关可能影响的评估。[12]”波兰外交官以欧盟各成员的名义向平壤发来慰问[13]。
  •  联合国 –联合国秘书长潘基文的发言人说：“秘书长在其举国哀悼之时向朝鲜人民表示同情。秘书长重申了他对朝鲜半岛和平与安全的承诺。联合国制度将继续帮助朝鲜人民。秘书长紧随其后。[14]”

各国政府反应

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  •  亚美尼亚 –总统谢尔日·萨尔基相就此致哀。有报道称该信被寄给朝鲜国家主席，但朝鲜历史上唯一一任主席金日成已于1994年逝世[15]。
  •  澳大利亚 – 金正日死后，澳方呼吁包括朝鲜在内的政府就相关事宜维持“镇定与克制”，并敦促朝鲜“与全球社区互动”[16]外交部长陆克文表示“在这样的时刻，我们不能有任何错误或模棱两可的信号。这一次也为朝鲜新领导层提供了与国际社会充分接触的重要机会。关于如何改善其经济以维持人民生计，并批判性地讨论如何处理朝鲜核问题的悬而未决的状态”[10]。
  •  阿塞拜疆 – 总统伊利哈姆·阿利耶夫向最高人民会议常任委员会委员长金永南去信，信中写道：“惊悉著名政治家、朝鲜民主主义人民共和国最高领导人、国防委员会委员长金正日的死讯，我深感悲痛。兹代表本人和阿塞拜疆人民，就这一重大损失向你们、死者家属和贵国人民致以深切哀悼”[17]。
  •  孟加拉国 – 齐勒·拉赫曼总统和谢赫·哈西娜总理就金正日的逝世表示哀悼。拉赫曼总统说“朝鲜人民失去了一位伟大的领导人，我们失去了一位亲爱的朋友”。哈西娜总理说：“我们的心与失去亲人的家人和朝鲜人民同在，我们祈祷他们能够以勇气和毅力承受这一不可挽回的损失[18]。”
  •  白俄罗斯 – 总统亚历山大·卢卡申科向金正恩（金正日之子）表示哀悼[19]。
  •  柬埔寨 – “金正日已经去世，但朝鲜和柬埔寨之间的友谊和双边合作永不消亡”柬埔寨部长理事会发言人说。这位发言人继续说道：“朝鲜是一个主权国家，为了他们的利益，它可以做出任何必要政治决议 - 他们知道什么对他们最好。但对我们来说，我们的关系一直在改善，随着时间的推移，这为双边贸易开辟了许多机会。与此同时，新闻部长Khieu Kanharith（英语：Khieu Kanharith）表示，金正日的死是一个“巨大的损失”。Kanharith补充说：“我们希望（金正恩）计划继续作为朝韩和解的调解人，以维护朝鲜半岛，亚洲和世界的利益。[20]
  •  加拿大 – 总理史蒂芬·哈珀表示“金正日将被人们铭记为一个在朝鲜侵犯人权近二十年的极权主义领导人。我们希望他的死亡能为朝鲜来积极的变化，使朝鲜人民能够摆脱六十年的孤立、压迫和苦难……在此紧要关头，我们敦促朝鲜当局结束这段黑暗历史，并再次努力促进其人民的福祉和朝鲜半岛的稳定。[21]”
  •  中国 – 外交部长杨洁篪于北京会面朝鲜驻华大使朴明浩，他表示相信“朝鲜人民将同朝鲜劳动党和金正恩同志团结在一起，化悲痛为力量，社会主义建设取得新进展，为实现朝鲜半岛的可持续和平与稳定作出新的贡献”[22]。外交部发言人马朝旭称金正日为“伟大领袖”，并补充说，北京将继续提供支持，并“为朝鲜半岛和该地区的和平与稳定做出积极贡献”[23]。
  •  克罗地亚 – 总统伊沃·约西波维奇向朝鲜人民致以慰问[24]，信中称：“我代表克罗地亚人民和个人的名义，对朝鲜人民的伟大领导人金正日的去世表示慰问。向朝鲜劳动党第一书记，朝鲜国防委员会第一委员长和朝鲜人民军的最高指挥官金正恩和朝鲜各人民致以慰问”[25]
  •  古巴 – 古巴当局的一份官方声明显示“古巴国务委员会就金正日逝世做出官方哀悼”当局12月20日至22日下半旗致哀[26]。
  •  赤道几内亚 – 总统特奥多罗·奥比昂·恩圭马·姆巴索戈在致金正恩的一封信中，表达了他和赤道几内亚人民对金正日逝世的“最深切哀悼”[27]。
  •  衣索比亚 – 总统吉尔马·沃尔德-乔治斯在致信金正恩时城“在此哀悼之际，我们向朝鲜人民和政府表示衷心同情和深切哀悼”[27]
  •  芬兰 – 外交部长埃尔基·图奥米奥亚在接受采访时表示“大多数人可能不会哀悼金正日”，并对统治精英加强控制而导致的不稳定后果表示担忧。惟总统塔里娅·哈洛宁向朝鲜民众表示同情并希望平壤进行民主改革[28]。
  •  法国 – 法国外交部发表声明称，法国“重申其对半岛和平与稳定的承诺，并希望朝鲜政权能够以积极的方式发展……人权……法国将继续为朝鲜人民采取行动，特别是通过支持人道主义计划……”，另外外交部长阿兰·朱佩表示“希望不大。这是一个完全封闭的政权……我们对金正恩继位的结果非常谨慎。我们希望有朝一日朝鲜人民能够重获自由。正在与朝鲜进行谈判……我们需要继续与中国和其他参与者进行对话，以使朝鲜放弃其核武器”[10]。
  •  德国 –外交部长基多·威斯特威勒表示“我们希望为朝鲜人民打开一扇机会之窗”[10]。外交部发言人Dirk Augustin向记者表示“当然，这是一个改变那里的机会，但我们的期望保持不变：朝鲜放弃其核计划，其本国人民的灾难性社会状况得到改善，并进行改革开放。谁掌权，就必须承担起改善那里人民绝望境地的责任。朝鲜半岛分裂不会永久化”[29]。
  •  加纳 – 总统约翰·阿塔·米尔斯代表加纳人民以及以个人的名义，就金正日的逝世向朝鲜政府、朝鲜人民和金正恩致以慰问。米尔斯还说，加纳相信“朝鲜将团结一致，以实现在伟大继任者金正恩和朝鲜劳动党的领导下建设一个繁荣的社会主义国家的目标”[27]。
  •  几内亚 –总统阿尔法·孔戴向金正恩致慰问电，他表示“我怀着极大的悲痛心情听闻朝鲜劳动党总书记、朝鲜国防委员会主席、朝鲜人民崇高事业的坚定捍卫者金正日的死讯。在此悲痛之时，我代表几内亚政府和人民以及我个人，表达最深切的哀悼，并请你们向勇敢的朝鲜人民表示诚挚的哀悼。”[27]
  •  匈牙利 – 外交部表示“我们希望朝鲜民主主义人民共和国在哀悼后继续努力促进人民的发展和繁荣。同样，我们也希望朝鲜作为一个负责任的国家，为维护朝鲜地区的安全与稳定尽一切努力。”该部还警告朝鲜国际社会对该国核问题和人权的担忧[30]。
  •  印度 – 总理曼莫汉·辛格哀悼金正日的逝世，并表示希望朝鲜以“勇气和毅力”克服悲痛[31] The Minister of State for External Relations, E. Ahamed（英语：E. Ahamed）,他在朝鲜大使馆签署了哀悼书，指出“我们怀着深深的悲痛心情得知金正日先生的不幸逝世”[32]。
  •  印度尼西亚 – The Ministry of Foreign Affairs sent condolences in the name of the government and the people of Indonesia in a press release. "[The] Indonesian government and people pray for the surviv[ing] family, government, and all North Koreans to be given strength and fortitude during these hard days".[33]
  •  爱尔兰 – The Journal reported that Ireland had said it had "no plans to issue a statement of any kind on the death of the North Korean leader".[34]
  •  日本 – 内阁总理大臣 野田佳彦 held an emergency national security council meeting with top Cabinet members soon after the news of Jong-il's death broke. Chief Cabinet Secretary 藤村修 told journalists in Tokyo that the Prime Minister had instructed them to be prepared in case of any unexpected developments. Fujimura expressed condolences and said Japan hoped Kim Jong-il's death would not affect the region, or North Korea, adversely.[10][23]
  •  约旦 – 阿卜杜拉二世 sent a letter of condolences to Kim Jong-un. "It was with the greatest sorrow that I heard the sad news Chairman Kim Jong-il demised. I, on behalf of the people and government of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and on my own, express the sincerest condolences to Your Excellency and hope that Your Excellency will overcome sorrow", King Abdullah II wrote.[27]
  •  哈萨克斯坦 – "Kim Jong Il, the honored statesman of the Korean nation and distinguished person, made a great contribution to the establishment and strengthening of friendly relations between the two countries", President 努尔苏丹·纳扎尔巴耶夫 said in a letter addressed to Kim Jong-il. President Nazarbayev added, "On behalf of the people of Kazakhstan and my own behalf, I would like to extend our heartfelt condolences and sincere sympathies to all the Korean people".[27]
  •  马来西亚 – 马来西亚政府 expresses its condolences to the people and government of North Korea and hopes that the new North Korean leadership will work towards achieving peace and stability in the Korean Peninsula with all parties concerned should work towards ensuring an enduring peace and stability in the Korean Peninsula as the stability in the region is important for regional peace, security and economic development.[35]
  •  蒙古国 – President 查希亚·额勒贝格道尔吉 and Prime Minister 苏赫巴托尔·巴特包勒德 sent a joint letter of condolences to 金正恩 concerning his father's demise.[36]
  •  缅甸 – Myanmar's Minister for Foreign Affairs U Wunna Maung Lwin, signed the Condolence Book opened at the Embassy of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.[37] A Government official told AFP that "Myanmar will convey its condolences over the demise of North Korean leader Kim Jong-Il" adding "[w]e do not know much about his successor, his son. But we think things can change in his term, especially their economic policy. The misunderstanding with the international community over the relationship between Myanmar and North Korea lately has been removed".[38]
  •  尼泊尔 – President 拉姆·巴兰·亚达夫 and Prime Minister 巴布拉姆·巴特拉伊 both sent their condolences to 金正恩 over his father's death. President Yadav expressed "deep sorrow" at the demise of Jong-il, and said that the "death of (Jong-il) has been an irreparable loss to the people and the government of the DPRK, and Nepal has lost a friend, too". Prime Minister Bhattari echoed the Nepalese President by saying that Nepal has lost a "great friend".[39]
  •  尼加拉瓜 – First Lady and government spokeswoman Rosario Murillo（英语：Rosario Murillo） said that "the people of Nicaragua and the Government of Nicaragua feel North Korea's pain", and that she hopes North Korea will continue its "process of constructing more peace and more prosperity for all the families of that country". She also said that president 丹尼尔·奥尔特加 sent his “profound condolences for the death of Dear Leader Kim Jong-Il”.[40]
  •  巴基斯坦 – President of Pakistan 马姆努恩·侯赛因 expressed condolences to the people of North Korea and said the Kim Jong-il had commanded great respect among his people and that he will be missed by his people.[41]
  •  巴勒斯坦民族权力机构 – President of the Palestinian Authority 马哈茂德·阿巴斯 said that throughout his whole life, Jong-il has always stood out for global justice and truth and that he strongly supported the cause of the Palestinian people as well. President Abbas also said that the foundations of relations between North Korea and an independent Palestinian state had been laid out between 金日成 and 亚西尔·阿拉法特.[42]
  •  菲律宾 – The Department of Foreign Affairs released a statement, saying "The Government and people of the Philippines convey our condolences to the Government and people of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) on the death of President Kim Jong-Il... [t]he Philippine Government values its relations with the DPRK and will continue to cooperate with them to intensify the promotion and maintenance of peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region, including in the Korean Peninsula, to ensure the region's continued prosperity".[43]
  •  波兰 – "We observe the situation in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the East Asia region after the death of Kim Jong Il", said a statement by the Foreign Ministry in Warsaw.[44] Foreign Minister 拉多斯瓦夫·西科尔斯基 "hopes that after the death of the North Korean leader, authorities will act responsibly and in accordance with tie expectations of the international community and the Korean nation", it also stated.[45]
  •  卡塔尔 – Qatar News Agency（英语：Qatar News Agency） said Emir Sheikh 哈迈德·本·哈利法·阿勒萨尼, as well as 法定继承人 Sheikh 塔米姆·本·哈迈德·阿勒萨尼 had sent cables of condolences to North Korean leader-designate Kim Jong-un on the death of his father.[46]
  •  俄罗斯 – 俄罗斯总统 德米特里·梅德韦杰夫 expressed condolences over the death of Kim Jong-il, the Kremlin press service reported on Monday. Medvedev also held a phone conversation with South Korean President 李明博 concerning Kim Jong-il's death, according to the report. The two leaders discussed several issues of common concern, including regional integration and stability. Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said: "The DPRK is our neighbor. We maintain a good-neighborly relationship. Of course, we hope that the loss of Kim Jong-Il will not have any impact on the development of our friendly relations with the DPRK".[47]
  •  瑞典 – Swedish Foreign Minister 卡尔·比尔特 said on his Twitter account that "The death of a dictator is always a period of uncertainty for a dictatorship, and North Korea is the hardest dictatorship in our time".[10]
  •  叙利亚 – 叙利亚总统 巴沙尔·阿萨德, in a letter to Kim Jong-un, described Kim Jong-il's death "as a great loss not only to the Korean people but to the people of all countries struggling for freedom, justice and peace", adding, "May his soul rest in peace".[48]
  •  英国 – Foreign Secretary 夏伟林 said "The people of North Korea are in official mourning after the death of Kim Jong-Il. We understand this is a difficult time for them. This could be a turning point for North Korea. We hope that their new leadership will recognise that engagement with the international community offers the best prospect of improving the lives of ordinary North Korean people. We encourage North Korea to work for peace and security in the region and take the steps necessary to allow the resumption of the Six Party Talks on denuclearisation of the Korean Peninsula".[10]
  •  美国 – White House spokesman 杰伊·卡尼 said "The President has been notified and we are in close touch with our allies in South Korea and Japan", and "We remain committed to stability on the Korean peninsula and to the freedom and security of our allies".[16]
  •  委内瑞拉 – President 乌戈·查维兹 offered condolences to North Korea, expressing his "sincere sorrow". He also asserted Venezuelan solidarity with North Korea.[49]
  •  越南 – Vietnam sent its "deepest condolences" to North Korea on the death of "Comrade Kim Jong-il". It added, "We believe that the DPRK's people will overcome this great loss and continue to strive for building and developing their country".[50]

政党及组织反应

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  •  孟加拉国 – Rashed Khan Menon, leader of the Workers Party of Bangladesh stated that "the sudden demise of Kim Jong-il, the prominent leader, is the bitter sorrow not only to the Korean people but also to the Bangladeshi people and the world progressives".[51]
  •  贝宁 – The Cowry Forces for an Emerging Benin sent a wreath to Kumsusan.[52]
  •  巴西 – The Brazilian Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist) sent a message saying "Kim Jong Il would always be with all the Korean people dynamically advancing along the road of justice for sovereignty, independence and socialism".[53] The Communist Party of Brazil and the Party for Free Motherland paid their respects at the DPRK embassy.[54]
  •  加拿大 – Sandra Smith, the leader of the Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist) expressed her "heartfelt condolences on the untimely passing of Comrade Kim Jong-il" and stated that "He is greatly admired by all revolutionary forces for working tirelessly for the peaceful independent reunification of Korea...securing peace on the Korean Peninsula on the basis of the Songun military first policy, thus contributing greatly to world peace".[55]
  •  柬埔寨 – A delegation of the Cambodian People's Party visited the DPRK embassy and signed the condolence book. Ney Pena wrote "Kim Jong Il is the supreme leader who led the defence of the country and its construction to victory. The Korean people are highly praising his exploits and always remember his benevolence. The People's Party of Cambodia and the Cambodian people express the deepest condolences to the Workers' Party of Korea and the Korean people".[56] Ouk Phurik, leader of the Khmer Democratic Party also visited the embassy and sent a message to North Korea that stated, in part, "Kim Jong Il laid down the Songun line of the DPRK based on the philosophical principle that the army precisely means the people, the party and the state and led the DPRK for decades to successfully carry forward and accomplish the revolutionary cause of Juche pioneered by HE Generalissimo Kim Il Sung, great leader of the Korean people. His demise amounts to the Korean people's loss of an outstanding hero".[57]
  •  捷克 – The Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia issued condonlences to North Korea following Kim's death.[58]
  •  埃及 – Sayed Abdul Al, general secretary of the National Progressive Unionist Party, stated that "The untimely demise of leader Kim Jong Il is a shock to the party and all the people aspiring after socialism".[59]
  •  几内亚 – A delegation of members of the Democratic Party of Guinea paid its respects at the DPRK embassy[54]
  •  芬兰 – Kalevi Wahrman, on behalf of the Finnish Communists League, stated that the "revolutionary exploits of Kim Jong Il, who dedicated his whole life to the victory of the socialist cause and the people's happiness, would remain in the hearts of humankind".[51]
  •  义大利 – the Party of Italian Communists general secretary Oliviero Diliberto, the secretary of Communist Party (Italy) Marco Rizzo and director of the International Department Fausto Sorini sent a message expressing "the most fraternal and sincere condolences to Kim Jong Un, saying that they remember the great feats Kim Jong Il performed in defending the sovereignty of the DPRK and the dignity of the nation".[60]
  •  老挝 – The Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party sent a letter of sympathy to the Workers' Party of Korea, expressing "heartfelt condolences on learning of the death of Kim Jong-il". The letter praised Kim's contributions to the "enhancing (of) the tradition of relations, friendship and cooperation between the two parties, governments and peoples of Laos and DPRK". The death of Kim Jong-il "meant not only the great loss of the leader of the DPRK but also the great loss of a close friend of the Party, government and people of Laos", the letter concluded.[61]
  •  黎巴嫩 – Khaled Hadadi, general secretary of the Lebanese Communist Party "expressed heartfelt condolences to the Korean people and the C.C., the WPK on the demise of leader Kim Jong Il".[62] Fayez Shukri, secretary of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Lebanon Region wrote in a condolence book that Kim Jong Ils death "is a big loss not only to the Korean people but also to the Lebanese people and other progressive people in the world as he devoted all his life to the cause of global independence, the socialist cause and the liberation of humankind".[63]
  •  马尔他 – The Communist Party of Malta sent its condolences.[64]
  •  蒙古国 – National Democratic Party chairman M. Enkhsaihan sent a message stating in part that Kim Jong Il "will live forever in the hearts of not only the Korean people but all the people supporting and respecting his cause. [And expressed] profound gratitude to Kim Jong Il for the concern he had shown for the development of the friendly and cooperative relations between Mongolia and the DPRK".[65]
  •  莫桑比克 – General Secretary of the ruling FRELIMO party Filipe Chimoio Paúnde described Kim Jong-il's death as a "sadness" for the North Korean people. "Considering the relations that exist between the two states we also feel the loss". North Korea "gave its support during the national liberation war" which FRELIMO fought against the colonial power Portugal, Paúnde said.[66]
  •  纳米比亚 – Pendukeni Iivula Ithana, general secretary of the South West Africa People's Organization sent his condolences, and added "SWAPO Party shall strive to maintain the excellent and cordial relationship between our two sister parties".[67]
  •  巴勒斯坦民族权力机构 – Khald Abdul Majid, general secretary of the Palestinian Popular Struggle Front, sent a message to Kim Jong Un "express deepest condolences...on the passing away of the great leader Comrade Kim Jong Il in the crucial period of showdown with the U.S. imperialists, the general secretary said in the message".[68]
  •  罗马尼亚 – the chairman and other leaders of the Romanian Socialist Union paid their respects at the DPRK embassy.[54]
  •  俄罗斯 – funeral wreaths were sent to Kumsusan Memorial Palace from the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Party for Peace and Unity of Russia, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1992–)[69] Messages were also received from the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia and the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.[64]
  •  南非 – A representative of the African National Congress offered his condolences and presented a wreath at the embassy of the DPRK.[70] Another wreath was sent to Pyongyang.[71] The African National Congress Youth League, at the time headed by Julius Malema, issued a statement sending its condolences, and stating "As we remember this revolutionary we call upon the Korean people to forge ahead with the struggle to reunify their country, to free it completely of a legacy of Colonialism left to its people by imperialists represented by the United States of America. May the undying spirit of Comrade Kim Jong Il continue to inspire the Korean people to defend the Songhun, the idea that it is possible for the people of Korea, Asia and the world to live well alongside each other in an egalitarian society, free from poverty, joblessness, hatred of each other and the oppression of one country by another".[72]
  •  叙利亚 – Mohammed Saeed Bekheitan, the Assistant Secretary of the Regional Command of the Syrian-dominated Ba'ath Party, sent a message of condolence stating "that the world movement for liberation and peace lost the most prominent fighter who had defended the people's right from highhanded practices and supremacy by the world imperialists... [and] affirming the will to boost the ties of friendship and cooperation in the struggle to meet the challenge Syria and the DPRK are facing".[73]
  •  塔吉克斯坦 – Sh. Shabdolov, chairman of the Communist Party of Tajikistan "expressed heartfelt condolences to the Korean people and the C.C., the WPK on the demise of leader Kim Jong-il".[62]
  •  美国 – The Republican Party's presidential candidates issued several statements over the death of Kim. Former Massachusetts governor, Mitt Romney said in a statement that "Kim Jong-il was a ruthless tyrant who lived a life of luxury while the North Korean people starved. He recklessly pursued nuclear weapons, sold nuclear and missile technology to other rogue regimes, and committed acts of military aggression against our ally South Korea. He will not be missed. His death represents an opportunity for America to work with our friends to turn North Korea off the treacherous course it is on and ensure security in the region". Similarly, former ambassador to the People's Republic of China, Jon Huntsman stated that "Kim Jong Il was a conscienceless tyrant. His death closes a tragic chapter for the people of North Korea and offers them the best opportunity to get on a path towards a more free and open society and political reform". Governor of Texas Rick Perry said that "The death of vicious dictator Kim Jong Il provides some cause for hope but does not automatically end the reign of inhumane tyranny he and his father constructed". He then also expressed hope that Kim's death would usher in "a peaceful transition from a grim dictatorship to a free Korea".[74] The Workers World Party sent a message to the Korean Workers Party. It stated in part that "We here in “the belly of the beast” know how difficult the US imperialist rulers have made it for leaders of truly sovereign countries to defend their sovereignty while pursuing the socialist path of development".[75] The US Marxist-Leninist Organization also sent condolences, stating that the work and stands of Kim and the KWP "vital contributions not only to the Korean people but all the world’s peoples...The untimely passing of Kim Jong Il is a great loss to the world anti-imperialist and democratic forces and the world communist movement".[76] The Workers Party, USA sent a message of condolence stating "We remember with great respect the life of Kim Jong Il who fought unsparingly to his last breath for the cause of peace, national independence and social progress. Kim Jong Il led the DPRK during a time in which U.S. imperialism maintained...a state of war against Korea and carried out all-around economic, political, diplomatic, cultural and military pressure against the DPRK in the north of Korea while occupying the south with tens of thousands of troops".[77]
  •  委内瑞拉 – A "mourning centre" was set up at the building of the Communist Party of Venezuela to receive condolences.[54]
  •  辛巴威 – Didymus Mutasa of the Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front, stated that Kim Jong Il "was a lovely man whom we associated with [and] He was our great friend, and we are not ashamed of being associated with him".[78] He further stated "We got a lot of help from him as his country trained our army and they also built our Heroes Acre that we are very proud of. It was a very good relationship that we shall always cherish. We worked together well", However the leader of the Zimbabwe African Peoples Union, whose members were repressed by the North Korean trained Fifth Brigade said “We have no doubt that people with the Fifth Brigade background are the ones who continue to torture and kill Zanu-PF's political opponents even to this day, as such, the Korean dynasty is responsible for Zanu-PF's militant and violent approach to politics. Year 2011 is certainly a bad year for dictators. We pray that God also calls to heaven the few remaining ones". The larger faction of the Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai stated that “Kim Jong- il killed our loved ones and now it is his time to meet his victims in the presence of God”, and a spokesperson for the larger faction added “his party won’t shed a tear for the North Korean dictator and he should rot in hell”.[79]

金融市场

[编辑]

在金正日死讯公布后不久，亚洲股市下跌，与对东北亚地区紧张局势的担忧相呼应[5]。在欧洲市场开盘时，股市亦出现了下跌趋势，但死讯公布后，印尼和美国股市上涨[80][81][82]。

参考文献

[编辑]
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  82. ^ Regional fails, IHSG becomes rises. TEMPO. 20 December 2011 [20 December 2011]. 

延伸阅读

[编辑]
  • Arai, K.; Kohno, M.; Toyoda, S. How did the Japanese Public React to Kim Jong Il's Death?. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific. 2012, 13 (1): 125–153. ISSN 1470-482X. doi:10.1093/irap/lcs012. 

[[Category:2011年國際關係]] [[Category:金正日]] [[Category:2011年朝鲜]]

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