頂夸克:修订间差异
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'''顶夸克'''是目前发现最重的[[夸克]]<ref name="PDG2009"> |
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'''顶夸克'''是目前最重的[[夸克]],在[[1994年]]发现,相信是最后一种,它的发现令科学家得出有关夸克子的完整图像。,有助研究在宇宙大爆炸之初少于一秒之内宇宙如何演化,因为大爆炸最初产生的高热,会产生顶夸粒子。 |
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{{cite web |
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|author=C. Amsler ''et al.'' ([[Particle Data Group]]) |
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|url=http://pdglive.lbl.gov/Rsummary.brl?nodein=Q007 |
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|title=PDGLive Particle Summary |
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|publisher=[[Particle Data Group]] |
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|year=2009 |
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|accessdate=2009-07-23 |
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}}</ref>,和其他夸克一样,顶夸克属于[[费米子]],具有{{frac|1|2}}的[[自旋]],带有+{{frac|2|3}}电荷<ref name="Willenbrock"> |
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{{cite book |
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|author=S. Willenbrock |
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|year=2003 |
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|chapter=The Standard Model and the Top Quark |
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|editor=H.B Prosper and B. Danilov (eds.) |
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|title=Techniques and Concepts of High-Energy Physics XII |
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|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=HXm6M_YUzoYC&pg=PA1&lpg=PA1&dq=quark+%22standard+model%22&source=web&ots=sLXA9M6IBk&sig=Z6IEyScnONBbJKb0cOETBz9kzlI&hl=en#PPA1,M1 |
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|series=NATO Science Series |
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|volume=123 |page=1–41 |
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|publisher=[[Kluwer Academic]] |
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|isbn=1402015909 |
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}}</ref> |
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顶夸克的质量几乎和铅原子相同,顶夸克通过弱力衰变为[[W_及_Z_玻色子|W玻色子]]和[[底夸克]],有时也会衰变为[[奇夸克]]。顶夸克可以衰变为下夸克,但这种情况非常罕见。<ref name=Quadt> |
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{{cite journal |
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|author=A. Quadt |
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|year=2006 |
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|title=Top quark physics at hadron colliders |
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|journal=[[European Physical Journal C]] |
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|volume=48 |pages=835–1000 |
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|doi=10.1140/epjc/s2006-02631-6 |
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}}</ref> |
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==历史== |
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1979年, [[小林诚 (物理学家)|小林诚]]和[[益川敏英]]根据[[K介子]]衰变中[[CP破坏]]的现象,预言有第三类夸克存在。<ref> |
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{{cite journal |
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|author=M. Kobayashi, T. Maskawa |
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|year=1973 |
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|title=''CP''-Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction |
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|journal=[[Progress of Theoretical Physics]] |
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|volume=49 |pages=652 |
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|doi=10.1143/PTP.49.652 |
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}}</ref> and was discovered in 1995 by the [[Collider Detector at Fermilab|CDF]]<ref name=CDF-1995> |
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{{cite journal |
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|author=F. Abe ''et al''. ([[CDF Collaboration]]) |
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|year=1995 |
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|title=Observation of Top Quark Production in {{SubatomicParticle|Antiproton}}{{SubatomicParticle|Proton}} Collisions with the Collider Detector at Fermilab |
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|journal=[[Physical Review Letters]] |
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|volume=74 |pages=2626–2631 |
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|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2626 |
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}}</ref> and [[D0 experiment|DØ]]<ref name=D0-1995> |
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{{cite journal |
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|author=S. Abachi ''et al''. ([[DØ Collaboration]]) |
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|year=1995 |
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|title=Search for High Mass Top Quark Production in {{SubatomicParticle|Proton}}{{SubatomicParticle|Antiproton}} Collisions at {{radical|''s''}} = 1.8 TeV |
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|journal=[[Physical Review Letters]] |
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|volume=74 |pages=2422–2426 |
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|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2422 |
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}}</ref> experiments at [[Fermilab]]. Kobayashi and Maskawa won the [[List of Nobel laureates in Physics|2008 Nobel Prize in Physics]] for the prediction of the top and bottom quark, which together form the third [[generation (physics)|generation]] of quarks.<ref> |
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{{cite web |
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|year=2008 |
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|title=2008 Nobel Prize in Physics |
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|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2008/index.html |
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|publisher=[[The Nobel Foundation]] |
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|accessdate=2009-09-11 |
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}}</ref> |
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新的假想粒子被定名为顶和底。 |
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{{Particles}} |
{{Particles}} |
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==注释== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{物理学小作品}} |
{{物理学小作品}} |
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2010年1月15日 (五) 02:36的版本
组成 | 基本粒子 |
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系 | 费米子 |
代 | 第三代 |
基本相互作用 | 強, 弱, 電磁力, 万有引力 |
符号 | t |
反粒子 | 反顶夸克(t) |
理论 | 小林诚,益川敏英 (1973) |
发现 | CDF,DØ collaborations (1995) |
质量 | 171400 ± 2100 MeV/c2 |
衰变粒子 | 底跨克 (99.8%) 奇夸克 (0.17%) 下夸克 (0.007%) |
電荷 | +2⁄3 e |
色荷 | 有 |
自旋 | 1⁄2 |
顶数 | 1 |
弱同位旋 | 1⁄2 (left handed) 0 (right handed) |
弱超荷 | 1⁄3 (left handed) 4⁄3 (right handed) |
顶夸克是目前发现最重的夸克[1],和其他夸克一样,顶夸克属于费米子,具有1⁄2的自旋,带有+2⁄3电荷[2] 顶夸克的质量几乎和铅原子相同,顶夸克通过弱力衰变为W玻色子和底夸克,有时也会衰变为奇夸克。顶夸克可以衰变为下夸克,但这种情况非常罕见。[3]
历史
1979年, 小林诚和益川敏英根据K介子衰变中CP破坏的现象,预言有第三类夸克存在。[4] and was discovered in 1995 by the CDF[5] and DØ[6] experiments at Fermilab. Kobayashi and Maskawa won the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics for the prediction of the top and bottom quark, which together form the third generation of quarks.[7] 新的假想粒子被定名为顶和底。
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注释
- ^ C. Amsler et al. (Particle Data Group). PDGLive Particle Summary. Particle Data Group. 2009 [2009-07-23].
- ^ S. Willenbrock. The Standard Model and the Top Quark. H.B Prosper and B. Danilov (eds.) (编). Techniques and Concepts of High-Energy Physics XII. NATO Science Series 123. Kluwer Academic. 2003: 1–41. ISBN 1402015909.
- ^ A. Quadt. Top quark physics at hadron colliders. European Physical Journal C. 2006, 48: 835–1000. doi:10.1140/epjc/s2006-02631-6.
- ^ M. Kobayashi, T. Maskawa. CP-Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction. Progress of Theoretical Physics. 1973, 49: 652. doi:10.1143/PTP.49.652.
- ^
F. Abe et al. (CDF Collaboration). Observation of Top Quark Production in
p
p
Collisions with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Physical Review Letters. 1995, 74: 2626–2631. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2626. - ^
S. Abachi et al. (DØ Collaboration). Search for High Mass Top Quark Production in
p
p
Collisions at √s = 1.8 TeV. Physical Review Letters. 1995, 74: 2422–2426. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2422. - ^ 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics. The Nobel Foundation. 2008 [2009-09-11].
这是一篇物理学小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 |