低血鎂症：修订间差异
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原因包括饮食摄入量低、酗酒、腹泻、尿量增加、肠道吸收不良和糖尿病。<ref name="resuscitationjournal" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=de Baaij |first=Jeroen H. F. |last2=Hoenderop |first2=Joost G. J. |last3=Bindels |first3=René J. M. |date=2015-01 |title=Magnesium in man: implications for health and disease |url=https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/physrev.00012.2014 |journal=Physiological Reviews |volume=95 |issue=1 |doi=10.1152/physrev.00012.2014 |issn=1522-1210 |pmid=25540137}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gommers |first=Lisanne M. M. |last2=Hoenderop |first2=Joost G. J. |last3=Bindels |first3=René J. M. |last4=de Baaij |first4=Jeroen H. F. |date=2016-01 |title=Hypomagnesemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Vicious Circle? |url=https://diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/65/1/3/34908/Hypomagnesemia-in-Type-2-Diabetes-A-Vicious-Circle |journal=Diabetes |volume=65 |issue=1 |doi=10.2337/db15-1028 |issn=1939-327X |pmid=26696633}}</ref>许多药物也可能导致低镁，包括质子泵抑制剂 (PPI) 和速尿。<ref name="merckmanuals" /> |
原因包括饮食摄入量低、酗酒、腹泻、尿量增加、肠道吸收不良和糖尿病。<ref name="resuscitationjournal" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=de Baaij |first=Jeroen H. F. |last2=Hoenderop |first2=Joost G. J. |last3=Bindels |first3=René J. M. |date=2015-01 |title=Magnesium in man: implications for health and disease |url=https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/physrev.00012.2014 |journal=Physiological Reviews |volume=95 |issue=1 |doi=10.1152/physrev.00012.2014 |issn=1522-1210 |pmid=25540137}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gommers |first=Lisanne M. M. |last2=Hoenderop |first2=Joost G. J. |last3=Bindels |first3=René J. M. |last4=de Baaij |first4=Jeroen H. F. |date=2016-01 |title=Hypomagnesemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Vicious Circle? |url=https://diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/65/1/3/34908/Hypomagnesemia-in-Type-2-Diabetes-A-Vicious-Circle |journal=Diabetes |volume=65 |issue=1 |doi=10.2337/db15-1028 |issn=1939-327X |pmid=26696633}}</ref>许多药物也可能导致低镁，包括质子泵抑制剂 (PPI) 和速尿。<ref name="merckmanuals" /> |
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== 症状 == |
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镁缺乏会导致疲倦、全身无力、[[肌肉痉挛]]、[[心律不整|心律异常]]、[[神经系统]]易激惹、[[颤抖|震颤]]、[[感觉异常]]、[[心悸]]、[[低钾血症|血液中钾含量低]]、[[副甲状腺功能低下症|甲状旁腺功能减退]]（可能导致[[低钙血症|血液中钙含量低]]）、[[软骨钙质沉积病]]、[[痉挛]]和[[手足搐搦]]、[[偏头痛]]、<ref>{{Cite web |title=How to Find the Right Magnesium Supplements for Migraine |url=https://www.migraineagain.com/magnesium-supplements-for-migraine-management/ |publisher=Everyday Health |website=Migraine Again |language=en-US |access-date=2022-07-11}}</ref>[[癫痫发作]]、<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Yuen |first=Alan W. C. |last2=Sander |first2=Josemir W. |date=2012-06 |title=Can magnesium supplementation reduce seizures in people with epilepsy? A hypothesis |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S092012111200040X |journal=Epilepsy Research |volume=100 |issue=1-2 |doi=10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.02.004 |issn=1872-6844 |pmid=22406257}}</ref>[[原发性家族性脑钙化|基底神经节钙化]]，<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Santra |first=Gouranga |last2=Phaujdar |first2=Sibaji |last3=De |first3=Dibyendu |date=2012-06 |title=Basal ganglia calcification with hypomagnesemia |url=https://www.japi.org/t284a4c4/basal-ganglia-calcification-with-hypomagnesemia |journal=The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India |volume=60 |issn=0004-5772 |pmid=23409429}}</ref>极端和长时间情况下会[[昏迷]]、[[智能障碍|智力残疾]]或死亡。<ref name="springer">{{Cite journal |last=Viering |first=Daan H. H. M. |last2=de Baaij |first2=Jeroen H. F. |last3=Walsh |first3=Stephen B. |last4=Kleta |first4=Robert |last5=Bockenhauer |first5=Detlef |date=2017-07 |title=Genetic causes of hypomagnesemia, a clinical overview |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00467-016-3416-3 |journal=Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany) |volume=32 |issue=7 |doi=10.1007/s00467-016-3416-3 |issn=1432-198X |pmc=5440500 |pmid=27234911}}</ref>镁在碳水化合物代谢中起着重要作用，缺乏镁可能会加重[[胰岛素抵抗]]，通常发生在糖尿病之前，可能是胰岛素抵抗的结果。<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kobrin |first=S. M. |last2=Goldfarb |first2=S. |date=1990-11 |title=Magnesium deficiency |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2255809/ |journal=Seminars in Nephrology |volume=10 |issue=6 |issn=0270-9295 |pmid=2255809}}</ref> |
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在[[加护病房|重症监护病房]]（ICU）接受治疗的镁含量低的人可能需要[[机械通气]]和死亡的风险更高。<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Upala |first=Sikarin |last2=Jaruvongvanich |first2=Veeravich |last3=Wijarnpreecha |first3=Karn |last4=Sanguankeo |first4=Anawin |date=2016-07 |title=Hypomagnesemia and mortality in patients admitted to intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis |url=https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/article/109/7/453/1752946 |journal=QJM: monthly journal of the Association of Physicians |volume=109 |issue=7 |doi=10.1093/qjmed/hcw048 |issn=1460-2393 |pmid=27016536}}</ref> |
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== 参考文献 == |
== 参考文献 == |
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2022年7月11日 (一) 09:21的版本
| 低血镁症 | |
|---|---|
| 同义词 | 低镁血症、镁缺乏症 |
 | |
| 镁 | |
| 症状 | 震颤、协调性差、眼球震颤、癫痫发作 |
| 併發症 | 癫痫发作、心脏骤停（尖端扭转型室性心动过速）、低钾 |
| 肇因 | 酗酒、饥饿、腹泻、尿量增加、肠道吸收不良、药物 |
| 診斷方法 | 方法 血浓度<0.6 mmol/L（1.46 mg/dL） |
| 治療 | 镁盐 |
| 盛行率 | 较常见（住院患者） |
| 分类和外部资源 | |
| 醫學專科 | 內分泌學 |
| ICD-11 | 5C64.41 |
| ICD-10 | E83.4 |
| DiseasesDB | 6469 |
| MedlinePlus | 000315 |
| eMedicine | 2038394 |
低血镁症（英語：Magnesium deficiency）是一种电解质紊乱，体内镁含量低。可能导致多种症状。[1]症状包括震颤、协调性差、肌肉痉挛、食欲不振、性格改变和眼球震颤。[2][3]并发症可能包括癫痫发作或心脏骤停，例如尖端扭转型室性心动过速。[2]镁含量低的人通常钾含量低。[2]
原因包括饮食摄入量低、酗酒、腹泻、尿量增加、肠道吸收不良和糖尿病。[2][4][5]许多药物也可能导致低镁，包括质子泵抑制剂 (PPI) 和速尿。[3]
症状
镁缺乏会导致疲倦、全身无力、肌肉痉挛、心律异常、神经系统易激惹、震颤、感觉异常、心悸、血液中钾含量低、甲状旁腺功能减退（可能导致血液中钙含量低）、软骨钙质沉积病、痉挛和手足搐搦、偏头痛、[6]癫痫发作、[7]基底神经节钙化，[8]极端和长时间情况下会昏迷、智力残疾或死亡。[9]镁在碳水化合物代谢中起着重要作用，缺乏镁可能会加重胰岛素抵抗，通常发生在糖尿病之前，可能是胰岛素抵抗的结果。[10]
在重症监护病房（ICU）接受治疗的镁含量低的人可能需要机械通气和死亡的风险更高。[11]
参考文献
- ^ Medical Definition of Magnesium deficiency. MedicineNet. [2022-07-11] （美国英语）.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Soar, Jasmeet; Perkins, Gavin D.; Abbas, Gamal; Alfonzo, Annette; Barelli, Alessandro; Bierens, Joost J. L. M.; Brugger, Hermann; Deakin, Charles D.; Dunning, Joel; Georgiou, Marios; Handley, Anthony J. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 8. Cardiac arrest in special circumstances: Electrolyte abnormalities, poisoning, drowning, accidental hypothermia, hyperthermia, asthma, anaphylaxis, cardiac surgery, trauma, pregnancy, electrocution. Resuscitation. 2010-10, 81 (10). ISSN 1873-1570. PMID 20956045. doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.08.015.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Hypomagnesemia - Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. Merck Manuals Professional Edition. [2022-07-11] （美国英语）.
- ^ de Baaij, Jeroen H. F.; Hoenderop, Joost G. J.; Bindels, René J. M. Magnesium in man: implications for health and disease. Physiological Reviews. 2015-01, 95 (1). ISSN 1522-1210. PMID 25540137. doi:10.1152/physrev.00012.2014.
- ^ Gommers, Lisanne M. M.; Hoenderop, Joost G. J.; Bindels, René J. M.; de Baaij, Jeroen H. F. Hypomagnesemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Vicious Circle?. Diabetes. 2016-01, 65 (1). ISSN 1939-327X. PMID 26696633. doi:10.2337/db15-1028.
- ^ How to Find the Right Magnesium Supplements for Migraine. Migraine Again. Everyday Health. [2022-07-11] （美国英语）.
- ^ Yuen, Alan W. C.; Sander, Josemir W. Can magnesium supplementation reduce seizures in people with epilepsy? A hypothesis. Epilepsy Research. 2012-06, 100 (1-2). ISSN 1872-6844. PMID 22406257. doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.02.004.
- ^ Santra, Gouranga; Phaujdar, Sibaji; De, Dibyendu. Basal ganglia calcification with hypomagnesemia. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India. 2012-06, 60. ISSN 0004-5772. PMID 23409429.
- ^ Viering, Daan H. H. M.; de Baaij, Jeroen H. F.; Walsh, Stephen B.; Kleta, Robert; Bockenhauer, Detlef. Genetic causes of hypomagnesemia, a clinical overview. Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany). 2017-07, 32 (7). ISSN 1432-198X. PMC 5440500
. PMID 27234911. doi:10.1007/s00467-016-3416-3.
- ^ Kobrin, S. M.; Goldfarb, S. Magnesium deficiency. Seminars in Nephrology. 1990-11, 10 (6). ISSN 0270-9295. PMID 2255809.
- ^ Upala, Sikarin; Jaruvongvanich, Veeravich; Wijarnpreecha, Karn; Sanguankeo, Anawin. Hypomagnesemia and mortality in patients admitted to intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis. QJM: monthly journal of the Association of Physicians. 2016-07, 109 (7). ISSN 1460-2393. PMID 27016536. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcw048.
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