芳香化酶

芳香酶
已知的结构 PDB 直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB PDBID列表 3EQM、​3S79、​3S7S、​4GL5、​4GL7、​4KQ8
识别号
别名	CYP19A1；, ARO, ARO1, CPV1, CYAR, CYP19, CYPXIX, P-450AROM, cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1
外部ID	OMIM：107910 MGI：88587 HomoloGene：30955 GeneCards：CYP19A1
相关疾病
aromatase excess syndrome
为以下药物的标靶
氨鲁米特、​阿那曲唑、​azalanstat、​依西美坦、​法屈唑、​来曲唑、​睾内脂
基因位置（人类） 染色体 15号染色体 基因座 15q21.2 起始 51,208,057 bp 终止 51,338,601 bp
基因位置（小鼠） 染色体 小鼠9号染色体 基因座 9 A5.3|9 29.49 cM 起始 54,073,221 bp 终止 54,175,394 bp
RNA表达模式
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基因本体 分子功能 • iron ion binding • oxygen binding • 金属离子结合 • monooxygenase activity • heme binding • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen • electron transfer activity • oxidoreductase activity • aromatase activity • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen • steroid hydroxylase activity 细胞组分 • endoplasmic reticulum membrane • 内质网 • 膜 • integral component of membrane 生物学过程 • estrogen biosynthetic process • androgen metabolic process • negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response • prostate gland growth • sterol metabolic process • negative regulation of macrophage chemotaxis • steroid biosynthetic process • female gonad development • female genitalia development • 乳腺发育 • uterus development • testosterone biosynthetic process • androgen catabolic process • positive regulation of estradiol secretion • 电子传递链 Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
物种	人类	小鼠
Entrez	1588	13075
Ensembl	ENSG00000137869	ENSMUSG00000032274
UniProt	P11511	P28649
mRNA​序列	NM_000103 ​NM_001347248 ​NM_001347249 ​NM_001347250 ​NM_001347251 ​NM_001347252 ​NM_001347253 ​NM_001347254 ​NM_001347255 ​NM_001347256 ​NM_031226	NM_007810 ​NM_001348171 ​NM_001348172 ​NM_001348173
蛋白序列	NP_000094 ​NP_001334177 ​NP_001334178 ​NP_001334179 ​NP_001334180 ​NP_001334181 ​NP_001334182 ​NP_001334183 ​NP_001334184 ​NP_001334185 ​NP_112503	NP_001335100 ​NP_001335101 ​NP_001335102 ​NP_031836
基因位置​（UCSC）	Chr 15: 51.21 – 51.34 Mb	Chr 9: 54.07 – 54.18 Mb
PubMed​查找
维基数据
查看/编辑人类 查看/编辑小鼠

芳香化酶、芳香酶（EC 1.14.14.14、英语：Aromatase），也称为雌激素合成酶（英语：estrogen synthetase）或雌激素合酶（英语：estrogen synthase），是一种单加氧酶，负责雌激素生物合成的关键步骤。由人体基因CYP19A1编码，是CYP450酶蛋白质超家族成员，可催化类固醇生成涉及的许多反应。催化涉及甾体激素合成步骤中从雄激素到雌激素的芳香化反应。芳香化酶在许多人体组织中出现，如生殖腺（颗粒细胞）、脑、脂肪组织、胎盘、血管、皮肤和骨骼，对青春期的第二性征发育有重要作用。

芳香酶催化的睾酮转化到雌二醇的反应。类固醇由四个稠合的环（标记为A到D）组成。芳香酶将标记为A环芳香化

芳香化酶的催化机理：雄烯二酮转化为雌酮的芳香酶催化机理。雄激素的19-甲基基团经过连续三次羟基化和脱水后，再以甲酸形式消去，同时A环发生芳香化

催化机理

雄烯二酮 + 3O₂ + 3NADPH + 3H⁺ $\rightleftharpoons$ 雌酮 + Formate + 4H₂O + 3NADP⁺

睾酮 + 3O₂ + 3NADPH + 3H⁺ $\rightleftharpoons$ 雌二醇 + Formate + 4H₂O + 3NADP⁺

芳香酶催化的睾酮转化到雌二醇的反应。类固醇由四个稠合的环（标记为A到D）组成。芳香酶将标记为A环芳香化

芳香化酶的催化机理：雄烯二酮转化为雌酮的芳香酶催化机理。雄激素的19-甲基基团经过连续三次羟基化和脱水后，再以甲酸形式消去，同时A环发生芳香化

进一步阅读

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外部链接

• "U.S. study of gay sheep may shed light on sexuality", via WikiNews, 15 August 2005.
• Human CYP19A1 genome location and CYP19A1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.