跳转到内容

用户:JuneAugust/List of rocket launch sites

维基百科,自由的百科全书
使用下方服务在地图上显示所有坐标: OpenStreetMap

This article constitutes a list of rocket launch sites. Some of these sites are known as spaceports or cosmodromes. A single rocket launch is sufficient for inclusion in the table, as long as the site is properly documented through a reference. Missile locations with no launches are not included in the list. Proposed and planned sites and sites under construction are not included in the main tabulation, but may appear in condensed lists under the tables.

A shorter list of spaceports for human spaceflight and satellite launches is available in the article Spaceport.

列表说明

[编辑]

排序

[编辑]
  • 营运日期;
  • Countries in alphabetical order within a table;
  • 同一个国家内的发射地点按照运行开始时间顺序排序。

Column specification

[编辑]
  • Country – territory of the site (the organisation responsible for the launches may reside elsewhere, as indicated in the notes column;
  • Location – Name of launch site (sometimes also province etc.)
  • Coordinates – geographical coordinates
  • Operational date – the period of years of launch activities
  • Number of rocket launches – the total number of launches, including failed launches
  • Heaviest rocket launched – total mass at lift-off
  • Highest achieved altitude – height in km above launch site
  • Notes – comments

非洲

[编辑]
国家 名称
位置
坐标 运作时间 火箭发射数量 最大发射载重 最大发射高度 注解
阿尔及利亚 Hammaguira French Special Weapons Test Centre英语Hammaguira, 哈马基尔英语Hammaguir 31°05′58″N 2°50′09″W / 31.09951°N 2.83581°W / 31.09951; -2.83581 (Hammaguir) 1947–1967   18 000 kg   Orbital   Operated by France.[1]
阿尔及利亚 Reggane英语Reggane 26°43′08″N 0°16′37″E / 26.71895°N 0.27691°E / 26.71895; 0.27691 (Reggane) 1961–1965 10      
刚果(扎伊尔) Shaba North英语Shaba North, Kapani Tonneo OTRAG Launch Center 7°55′33″S 28°31′40″E / 7.92587°S 28.52766°E / -7.92587; 28.52766 (Kapani Tonneo) 1977–1978 3     <50 km   German OTRAG英语OTRAG rockets.[2]
埃及 Jabal Hamzah ballistic missile test and launch facility英语Jabal Hamzah ballistic missile test and launch facility 30°07′32.7″N 30°36′18.5″E / 30.125750°N 30.605139°E / 30.125750; 30.605139 (Jabal Hamzah) Late 1950s–present 6       Al Zafir and Al Kahir SRBMs testing[3][4]
肯尼亚 Broglio Space Centre (San Marco)英语Broglio Space Centre, Malindi 2°56′27″S 40°12′48″E / 2.94080°S 40.21340°E / -2.94080; 40.21340 (San Marco platform) 1964–1988 27   20 000 kg   Orbital   Scout英语Scout (rocket family) rockets, operated by ASI and Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.[5]
利比亚 拾哈, Tawiwa OTRAG Launch Center 26°59′38″N 14°27′51″E / 26.99392°N 14.46425°E / 26.99392; 14.46425 (Sabha) 1981–1982     50 km   German OTRAG英语OTRAG rockets.[6]
Mauretania英语毛里塔尼亚 Nouadhibou 20°55′43″N 17°01′54″W / 20.92856°N 17.03153°W / 20.92856; -17.03153 (Nouadhibou) 1973–1973 1       During a solar eclipse
南非 Overberg South African Test Centre英语Overberg Test Range 34°36′10″S 20°18′09″E / 34.60265°S 20.30248°E / -34.60265; 20.30248 (Overberg) 1989–1990       Launched test mission rockets only.[7]

亚洲

[编辑]

注意,俄罗斯的一些人造卫星发射基地出现在这一节,另一些在欧洲部分。

国家 名称
位置
坐标 运作时间 火箭发射数量 最大发射载重 最大发射高度 注解
中国 Base 603

ShijieduGuangde

30°56′15″N 119°12′21″E / 30.93743°N 119.20575°E / 30.93743; 119.20575 (Shijiedu) 1960–1966   1 000 kg   <60 km  
中国 酒泉卫星发射中心 41°07′05″N 100°27′48″E / 41.11803°N 100.46330°E / 41.11803; 100.46330 (Jiuquan) 1970–   464 000 kg   Orbital   Human spaceflight[8]
中国 太原卫星发射中心 39°08′36″N 111°58′03″E / 39.14321°N 111.96741°E / 39.14321; 111.96741 (Taiyuan) 1980–     Orbital   Polar satellites[9]
中国 西昌卫星发射中心 28°14′47″N 102°01′41″E / 28.24646°N 102.02814°E / 28.24646; 102.02814 (Xichang) 1984–     Lunar   Geo-synchronous satellites, lunar probes.[10][11]
中国 文昌航天发射场

海南省文昌市龙楼镇

19°36′52.17″N 110°57′4.08″E / 19.6144917°N 110.9511333°E / 19.6144917; 110.9511333 (Wenchang) 2016–   879 000 kg   Orbital   New site on Hainan Island, South China Sea with pads for Long March 5 and Long March 7 rockets
中国 Jingyu 42°00′N 126°30′E / 42.0°N 126.5°E / 42.0; 126.5 (Jingyu)      
印度 顿巴赤道火箭发射站

维克拉姆·萨拉巴伊太空中心英语Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
喀拉拉邦Thiruvananthapuram, thumba英语thumba, Kerala

8°31′53″N 76°52′08″E / 8.5314°N 76.8690°E / 8.5314; 76.8690 (Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre) 1962– >2000       [12]
印度 Balasore, in the state of Odisha[来源请求] 20°58′33″N 87°02′57″E / 20.97582°N 87.04913°E / 20.97582; 87.04913 (Balasore)      
印度 Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota)

安得拉邦斯里赫里戈达岛

13°44′15″N 80°14′06″E / 13.73740°N 80.23510°E / 13.73740; 80.23510 (Sriharikota) 1971–   402 000 kg   Interplanetary   Satellites and lunar probes;[13]
印度 Abdul Kalam Island英语Wheeler Island (India) 20°45′29″N 87°05′08″E / 20.75804°N 87.085533°E / 20.75804; 87.085533 (Abdul kalam Island)      
Indonesia Stasiun Peluncuran Roket英语Stasiun Peluncuran Roket, Pameungpeuk英语Pameungpeuk, Garut英语Garut Regency 7°38′48″S 107°41′20″E / 7.646643°S 107.689018°E / -7.646643; 107.689018 (Pameungpeuk) 1965– 14+   765 kg   100 km  
Iran Qom Space Center 34°39′00″N 50°54′00″E / 34.65000°N 50.90000°E / 34.65000; 50.90000 (Qom) 1991       Military testing[14]
Iran Emamshahr Space Center 36°25′12″N 55°01′12″E / 36.42000°N 55.02000°E / 36.42000; 55.02000 (Emamshahr) 1998       Military testing and sounding rockets for ISA.[15]
Iran Semnan spaceport 35°14′05″N 53°55′15″E / 35.234631°N 53.920941°E / 35.234631; 53.920941 (Semnan) 2009– 2     Orbital  
伊拉克 Al-Anbar Test Centre 32°46′56″N 44°17′59″E / 32.78220°N 44.29962°E / 32.78220; 44.29962 (Al-Anbar) 1989       Out of function[16]
Israel Palmachim Air Force Base英语Palmachim Airbase 31°53′05″N 34°40′49″E / 31.88484°N 34.68020°E / 31.88484; 34.68020 (Palmachim) 1987– 9   70 000 kg   Orbital   [17]
日本 秋田靶场日语秋田ロケット実験場

秋田县由利郡日语由利郡岩城町日语岩城町

39°34′17″N 140°03′28″E / 39.57148°N 140.05785°E / 39.57148; 140.05785 (Akita) 1956年–1990年 81     343 km  
日本 Uchinoura Space Center 31°15′07″N 131°04′45″E / 31.25186°N 131.07914°E / 31.25186; 131.07914 (Uchinoura) 1962–   139 000 kg   Interplanetary   [18]
日本 种子岛宇宙中心

鹿儿岛县种子岛

30°23′27″N 130°58′05″E / 30.39096°N 130.96813°E / 30.39096; 130.96813 (Tanegashima) 1967–   445 000 kg   Interplanetary   [19]
日本 绫里气象火箭观测所日语気象ロケット観測所

岩手县大船渡市三陆町日语三陸町绫里崎日语綾里崎

39°01′48″N 141°49′48″E / 39.03000°N 141.83000°E / 39.03000; 141.83000 (Ryori) 1970–      
日本 新岛试验场日语新島試験場

东京都新岛

34°20′16″N 139°15′57″E / 34.33766°N 139.26575°E / 34.33766; 139.26575 (Niijima)      
日本 六所村对空射击场日语六ヶ所対空射撃場

青森县上北郡六所村

40°42′12″N 141°22′10″E / 40.70342°N 141.36938°E / 40.70342; 141.36938 (Obachi)      
哈萨克斯坦 拜科努尔航天发射场

克孜勒奥尔达州Tyuratam英语Tyuratam

45°57′19″N 63°21′01″E / 45.95515°N 63.35028°E / 45.95515; 63.35028 (Baikonur) 1957– >1000   2 400 000 kg   Interplanetary   First satellite, first human. Operated by Russia.[20]
哈萨克斯坦 Sary Shagan英语Sary Shagan[来源请求] 46°22′48″N 72°52′12″E / 46.38000°N 72.87000°E / 46.38000; 72.87000 (Sary Shagan) 1958–      
朝鲜 Musudan-ri 40°51′21″N 129°39′57″E / 40.85572°N 129.66587°E / 40.85572; 129.66587 (Musudan-ri) 1998–       Military rockets; satellite launch[21]
朝鲜 Sohae 39°39′36″N 124°42′18″E / 39.660°N 124.705°E / 39.660; 124.705 (Sohae) 2012–       Military rockets; satellite launch[22]
韩国 Anhueng英语Anhueng 36°42′08″N 126°28′18″E / 36.70211°N 126.47158°E / 36.70211; 126.47158 (Anhueng) 1993–      
韩国 罗老宇宙中心

Gohueng

34°25′33″N 127°31′41″E / 34.42585°N 127.52793°E / 34.42585; 127.52793 (Naro) 2008 3     Orbital   Attempted satellite launches[23]
马尔代夫 Gan Island英语Gan Island 0°41′36″S 73°09′24″E / 0.69328°S 73.15672°E / -0.69328; 73.15672 (Gan Island)       Several rockets of the Kookaburra type英语Kookaburra (rocket) were launched from a pad at 0°41' S and 73°9' E [24]
巴基斯坦 Sonmiani Satellite Launch Center英语Sonmiani, Las Bela, Balochistan 25°11′33″N 66°44′56″E / 25.19242°N 66.74881°E / 25.19242; 66.74881 (Sonmiani) 1960s –[25]       Sounding rockets, missile testing, for SUPARCO英语SUPARCO.[26]
巴基斯坦 Tilla Satellite Launch Center英语Tilla, Jhelum District, Punjab 33°23′46″N 73°17′46″E / 33.39610°N 73.29608°E / 33.39610; 73.29608 (Tilla) 1980s –[27]       Sounding rockets, missile testing, for SUPARCO英语SUPARCO.[28]
俄罗斯 Kheysa英语Kheysa[来源请求] 80°27′00″N 58°03′00″E / 80.45000°N 58.05000°E / 80.45000; 58.05000 (Kheysa) 1956–1980      
俄罗斯 Svobodny Cosmodrome英语Svobodny (launch site), Amur Oblast 51°50′04″N 128°16′33″E / 51.83441°N 128.27570°E / 51.83441; 128.27570 (Svobodny) 1957–   47 000 kg   Orbital   ICBM base converted for satellites[29]
俄罗斯 Sovetskaya Gavan 48°58′12″N 140°18′00″E / 48.97000°N 140.30000°E / 48.97000; 140.30000 (Sovetskaya Gavan) 1963–1964 6     402 km  
俄罗斯 Okhotsk[来源请求] 59°22′N 143°15′E / 59.367°N 143.250°E / 59.367; 143.250 (Okhotsk) 1981–2005     1000 km  
俄罗斯 Yasny Cosmodrome英语Dombarovsky (air base) (formerly Dombarovskiy英语Dombarovsky District), Orenburg Oblast 51°12′25″N 59°51′00″E / 51.20706°N 59.85003°E / 51.20706; 59.85003 (Dombarovskiy) 2006–   211 000 kg   Orbital   ICBM base converted for satellites[30]
俄罗斯 Vostochny Cosmodrome, Amur Oblast, Russia[31] 51°52′59″N 128°19′59″E / 51.883°N 128.333°E / 51.883; 128.333 (Vostochny) 28 April 2016[32]       Facility on Russian territory to supplement Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan
台湾 Haiqian英语Haiqian 22°06′N 120°54′E / 22.10°N 120.90°E / 22.10; 120.90 (Gangzi) 1988-   10 000 kg   300 km   Science and technology development英语Science and technology development

Proposed or planned spaceports and rocket launch sites in Asia

[编辑]

欧洲

[编辑]

Note that some European countries operate spaceports in Africa, South America, or other equatorial regions. These spaceports are listed in this article according to their geographical location. Some Russian-controlled launch sites are listed as being in Asia.

Note that some Russian cosmodromes appear in this section, some in the section Asia

国家 名称
位置
坐标 运作时间 火箭发射数量 最大发射载重 最大发射高度 注解
France Ile de Levant英语Ile de Levant 43°02′42″N 6°28′44″E / 43.04507°N 6.47887°E / 43.04507; 6.47887 (Ile de Levant) 1948–[来源请求]      
Germany Rocket Launch Site Berlin英语Rocket Launch Site Berlin, Berlin-Tegel 52°21′00″N 13°12′36″E / 52.35000°N 13.21000°E / 52.35000; 13.21000 (Raketenflugplatz Tegel) 1930–1933     4 km  
Germany Peenemünde英语Peenemünde Army Research Center/Greifswalder Oie英语Greifswalder Oie 54°08′35″N 13°47′38″E / 54.14300°N 13.79400°E / 54.14300; 13.79400 (Peenemünde Greifswalder Oie) 1942–1945 >3000   12 500 kg   >100 km   V-2 rockets during World War II, first rocket to reach space.
Germany Cuxhaven 53°50′56″N 8°35′30″E / 53.84884°N 8.59154°E / 53.84884; 8.59154 (Cuxhaven)) 1945–1964      
Germany Hespenbusch英语Hespenbusch, Großenkneten 52°56′20″N 8°18′45″E / 52.939002°N 8.312515°E / 52.939002; 8.312515 (Hespenbusch) 1952–1957     <10 km  
Germany Zingst英语Zingst 54°26′24″N 12°47′04″E / 54.44008°N 12.78431°E / 54.44008; 12.78431 (Zingst) 1970–1992 67     80 km  
Greece Koroni英语Koroni 36°46′11″N 21°55′54″E / 36.7698°N 21.9316°E / 36.7698; 21.9316 (Koroni) 1966–1989 371     114 km  
Iceland Vik英语Vík í Mýrdal 63°25′08″N 19°00′17″W / 63.41891°N 19.00463°W / 63.41891; -19.00463 (Vik) 1964–1965 2      
Italy Salto di Quirra英语Salto di Quirra 39°31′38″N 9°37′59″E / 39.52731°N 9.63303°E / 39.52731; 9.63303 (Salto di Quirra) 1964–[来源请求]      
Norway Andøya Rocket Range英语Andøya Rocket Range 69°17′39″N 16°01′15″E / 69.29430°N 16.02070°E / 69.29430; 16.02070 (And?ya) 1962– >1200   700 kg     Rockets to the upper atmosphere.[34]
Norway Marka英语Marka (launch site) 58°12′00″N 7°18′00″E / 58.20000°N 7.30000°E / 58.20000; 7.30000 (Marka) 1983–1984   16 kg    
Norway SvalRak英语SvalRak 78°13′24″N 15°38′49″E / 78.2234°N 15.6470°E / 78.2234; 15.6470 (SvalRak) 1997–[来源请求]      
Poland Tuchola Forest英语Tuchola Forest 53°37′11″N 17°59′06″E / 53.61970°N 17.98492°E / 53.61970; 17.98492 (Tuchola Forest) 1944–1945       Nazi-German V-2 rockets
Poland Łeba 54°46′09″N 17°35′37″E / 54.76904°N 17.59355°E / 54.76904; 17.59355 (Łeba) 1941–1945       Nazi-German rockets
Poland Łeba-Rąbka英语Łeba-Rąbka[来源请求] 54°45′16″N 17°31′05″E / 54.754486°N 17.517919°E / 54.754486; 17.517919 (Łeba) 1963–1973 36       Polish rockets英语Meteor (rocket)
Poland Blizna英语Blizna 50°10′55″N 21°36′58″E / 50.18190°N 21.61620°E / 50.18190; 21.61620 (Blizna) 1943–1944[来源请求] 139       Nazi-German V-2 rockets
Russia Kapustin Yar Cosmodrome, Astrakhan Oblast 48°34′41″N 46°15′15″E / 48.57807°N 46.25420°E / 48.57807; 46.25420 (Kapustin Yar) 1957–[来源请求]     Orbital   Previously for satellite launches[35]
Russia Nyonoksa英语Nyonoksa 64°38′57″N 39°11′14″E / 64.64928°N 39.18721°E / 64.64928; 39.18721 (Nyonoksa) 1965–1997[来源请求]      
Russia Plesetsk Cosmodrome 62°55′32″N 40°34′40″E / 62.92556°N 40.57778°E / 62.92556; 40.57778 (Plesetsk Cosmodrome) 1966– >1000   760 000 kg   Orbital  
Spain El Arenosillo英语El Arenosillo 37°05′49″N 6°44′19″W / 37.09687°N 6.73863°W / 37.09687; -6.73863 (El Arenosillo) 1966–[来源请求] >500      
Sweden Nausta 66°21′26″N 19°16′33″E / 66.357202°N 19.275813°E / 66.357202; 19.275813 (Nausta) 1961–1961[来源请求] 1   30 kg   <80 km   Arcas英语Arcas (rocket) rocket for atmospheric research.[36]
Sweden Kronogård英语Kronogård 66°24′53″N 19°16′36″E / 66.4147°N 19.2767°E / 66.4147; 19.2767 (Kronogård) 1961–1964 18   700 kg   135 km   Arcas英语Arcas (rocket), Nike-Cajun英语Nike-Cajun and Nike-Apache英语Nike-Apache rockets for atmospheric research.
Sweden Esrange英语Esrange, Kiruna 67°53′36″N 21°06′15″E / 67.89342°N 21.10429°E / 67.89342; 21.10429 (Kiruna) 1966–1972 150   700 kg   237 km   Operated by ESRO英语European Space Research Organisation.[37]
Sweden Esrange英语Esrange, Kiruna 67°53′36″N 21°06′15″E / 67.89342°N 21.10429°E / 67.89342; 21.10429 (Kiruna) 1972–[来源请求] 300   12 400 kg   717 km   Operated by SSC英语Swedish Space Corporation.[37] Major programmes: Maxus英语Maxus (rocket), TEXUS英语TEXUS, Maser英语Maser (rocket), stratospheric balloons.
United Kingdom The Needles英语The Needles 50°39′50″N 1°34′35″W / 50.6639345°N 1.5763664°W / 50.6639345; -1.5763664 (The Needles) 1956–1971 0     This site was used for static tests of assembled rockets only prior to them being shipped to Australia for launch.[38]
United Kingdom South Uist 57°19′48″N 7°19′48″W / 57.33000°N 7.33000°W / 57.33000; -7.33000 (South Uist) 1959–       First space launch from the UK took place from here in October 2015 as part of 'At Sea Demonstration 15' . The rocket was an American 'Terrier-Orion' sounding rocket.[39]

在欧洲提案的或计划中的太空港

[编辑]

北美

[编辑]
国家 名称
位置
坐标 运作时间 火箭发射数量 最大发射载重 最大发射高度 注解
Canada Fort Churchill英语Fort Churchill (rocket launch site), Manitoba 58°44′03″N 93°49′13″W / 58.73430°N 93.82030°W / 58.73430; -93.82030 (Fort Churchill) 1954–1985 >3500       Canadian Army.[41]
Canada Resolute Bay英语Resolute Bay, Nunavut 74°41′13″N 94°53′46″W / 74.6870°N 94.8962°W / 74.6870; -94.8962 (Resolute Bay) 1966–1971 17       National Research Council Canada.[42]
Canada Hall Beach英语Hall Beach 68°46′34″N 81°14′36″W / 68.77607°N 81.24346°W / 68.77607; -81.24346 (Hall Beach) 1971–1971 7     270 km  
Canada Southend英语Southend, Saskatchewan 56°20′N 103°14′W / 56.333°N 103.233°W / 56.333; -103.233 (Southend) 1980–1980 2   1 200 kg    
Greenland (Denmark) Thule Air Base 76°25′26″N 68°17′37″W / 76.4240°N 68.2936°W / 76.4240; -68.2936 (Thule) 1964–1980       US Air Force[43]
United States Wallops Flight Facility英语Wallops Flight Facility, Delmarva Peninsula, Virginia 37°50′46″N 75°28′46″W / 37.84621°N 75.47938°W / 37.84621; -75.47938 (Wallops Island) 1945–       Now operated by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center[44]
United States White Sands Missile Range 32°33′53″N 106°21′33″W / 32.56460°N 106.35908°W / 32.56460; -106.35908 (White Sands) 1946– >7000       Military and civilian flights. Served as alternate landing site for the space shuttle.[45]
United States Nevada Test and Training Range英语Nevada Test and Training Range (formerly Nellis Air Force Range英语Nellis Air Force Range) 36°46′17″N 116°06′49″W / 36.77150°N 116.11374°W / 36.77150; -116.11374 (Nevada Test and Training Range) 1950s–[来源请求]       [46]
United States Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida 28°28′00″N 80°33′31″W / 28.46675°N 80.55852°W / 28.46675; -80.55852 (Cape Canaveral) 1956–     Interplanetary   Commercial and U.S. Government unmanned missions.
United States 范登堡空军基地

California

34°46′19″N 120°36′04″W / 34.77204°N 120.60124°W / 34.77204; -120.60124 (Vandenberg) 1958–     Orbital   Satellites, ballistic missile tests. Government and commercial launches.[47]
United States 肯尼迪航天中心

佛罗里达州卡纳维拉尔角

28°36′30″N 80°36′14″W / 28.6082°N 80.6040°W / 28.6082; -80.6040 (Kennedy Space Center) 1963– 151   3 000 000 kg   Lunar   Launched each NASA manned mission. Adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
United States Pacific Missile Range Facility英语Pacific Missile Range Facility

Hawaii

22°01′22″N 159°47′06″W / 22.02278°N 159.78500°W / 22.02278; -159.78500 1963–       testing of antiballistic missile and missile tracking by the US Navy.
United States Keweenaw英语Keweenaw (Rocket launch site), Michigan 47°25′47″N 87°42′52″W / 47.42980°N 87.71443°W / 47.42980; -87.71443 (Keweenaw) 1964–1971[来源请求] >50   770 kg   <160 km   Currently inactive
United States Kodiak Launch Complex英语Kodiak Launch Complex, Alaska 57°26′07″N 152°20′22″W / 57.43533°N 152.33931°W / 57.43533; -152.33931 (Kodiak) 1991– 14   86 000 kg   Orbital   Ballistic missile interceptor tests, satellite launches. Alaska Aerospace Corporation英语Alaska Aerospace Corporation.[48]
United States Mojave Air and Space Port英语Mojave Air & Space Port, California 35°03′33″N 118°08′56″W / 35.05910°N 118.14880°W / 35.05910; -118.14880 (Mojave) 2004–     112 km   Privately-funded spaceflights (SpaceShipOne, SpaceShipTwo).
United States Spaceport America (formerly Southwest Regional Spaceport), Upham, New Mexico英语Upham, New Mexico 32°53′22″N 106°59′58″W / 32.88943°N 106.99945°W / 32.88943; -106.99945 (Spaceport America) 2006– 8       Sub-orbital commercial and planned space tourist launches. Joint venture between state of New Mexico and Virgin Galactic.[49][50]
United States Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (MARS)

Delmarva Peninsula, Virginia

37°50′00″N 75°29′00″W / 37.833378°N 75.483284°W / 37.833378; -75.483284 (Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport) 2006– 6   89 805 kg   Lunar   Operates in partnership with NASA, adjacent to the Wallops Flight Facility site. Designed for both commercial and government launches.[51]

北美额外的火箭发射场

[编辑]

Please delete items or move them to the table above with appropriate data and references.

在北美提案的或计划中的太空港

[编辑]

南美

[编辑]
国家 名称
位置
坐标 运作时间 火箭发射数量 最大发射载重 最大发射高度 注解
Argentina Puerto Belgrano英语Puerto Belgrano 38°54′00″S 62°01′00″W / 38.9°S 62.0167°W / -38.9; -62.0167 (Puerto Belgrano) 2017 Launch pad for Tronador II英语Tronador II under construction (CONAE)
Argentina Punta Indio英语Punta Indio 35°16′00″S 57°14′00″W / 35.2667°S 57.2333°W / -35.2667; -57.2333 (Punta Indio) 2014 - 2   2 800 kg   2.2 km   Civilian Launch Test Site (CONAE)
Argentina CELPA英语CELPA 30°07′39″S 66°20′27″W / 30.12737°S 66.34082°W / -30.12737; -66.34082 (CELPA) 1962 - 1974 / 2011 - 100 (approximately)  933 kg   550 km   Military Launch Test Site (CITIDEF英语CITIDEF)
Argentina Serrezuela英语Serrezuela 30°38′00″S 65°23′00″W / 30.6333°S 65.3833°W / -30.6333; -65.3833 (Serrezuela) 2009 1   500 kg   40 km   Military test (Gradicom I)
Argentina Las Palmas英语Las Palmas (Argentina) 27°05′43″S 58°45′13″W / 27.09531°S 58.75352°W / -27.09531; -58.75352 (Las Palmas) 1966–1966 2   3 400 kg   270 km   During a solar eclipse, with Titus英语Titus (rocket) rockets.
Argentina Tartagal 22°45′42″S 63°49′26″W / 22.76158°S 63.82381°W / -22.76158; -63.82381 (Tartagal) 1966–1966       During a solar eclipse
Argentina Mar Chiquita英语Mar Chiquita (Buenos Aires) 37°43′27″S 57°24′18″W / 37.72427°S 57.40512°W / -37.72427; -57.40512 (Mar Chiquita) 1968–1972 11      
Argentina Villa Reynolds英语Villa Reynolds 33°43′29″S 65°22′38″W / 33.72460°S 65.37730°W / -33.72460; -65.37730 (Villa Reynolds) 1973–1973 2      
Argentina Pampa de Achala英语Pampa de Achala 31°35′00″S 64°50′00″W / 31.5833°S 64.8333°W / -31.5833; -64.8333 (Pampa de Achala) 1961 - 1962 8   28 kg   25 km   First Argentine launch site.
Brazil Natal/Barreira英语Centro de Lançamento da Barreira do Inferno 5°51′58″S 35°22′59″W / 5.86600°S 35.38300°W / -5.86600; -35.38300 (Natal) 1965– 233     1100 km  
Brazil Praia do Cassino英语Praia do Cassino 32°05′00″S 52°10′02″W / 32.08338°S 52.16725°W / -32.08338; -52.16725 (Praia do Cassino) 1966–1966 27      
Brazil Alcântara Launch Center英语Alcântara Launch Center, Maranhão 2°18′58″S 44°22′03″W / 2.3160°S 44.3676°W / -2.3160; -44.3676 (Alcantara) 1990– 35   6 737 kg   956 km   Brazilian Air Force英语Brazilian Air Force, Brazilian Space Agency. Planned satellite launches.
French Guiana Guiana Space Centre

Kourou

5°14′15″N 52°46′10″W / 5.23739°N 52.76950°W / 5.23739; -52.76950 (Kourou) 1968– <200   777 000 kg   Interplanetary   Operated by CNES for ESA; launch base for Arianespace. Commercial and governmental launches.
Peru Chilca英语Chilca 12°30′17″S 76°47′55″W / 12.50477°S 76.79849°W / -12.50477; -76.79849 (Chilca)      
Peru Punta Lobos英语Punta Lobos 12°30′00″S 76°48′00″W / 12.50000°S 76.8000°W / -12.50000; -76.8000 (Punta Lobos)   2 000 kg    
Suriname Coronie 5°52′21″N 56°17′21″W / 5.87241°N 56.28908°W / 5.87241; -56.28908 (Coronie) 1965–1965 4     205 km  

大洋洲

[编辑]
国家 名称
位置
坐标 运作时间 火箭发射数量 最大发射载重 最大发射高度 注解
Australia Woomera Test Range英语Woomera Test Range 30°57′31″S 136°30′13″E / 30.95875°S 136.50366°E / -30.95875; 136.50366 (Woomera) 1950s–   28 000 kg   Orbital   British/Australian government research facility. Missile testing, 2 satellite launches.
Australia Carnarvon 24°29′08″S 113°24′31″E / 24.48564°S 113.40866°E / -24.48564; 113.40866 (Carnarvon) 1964–1965 12     120 km  
Australia Lancelin英语Lancelin 30°58′59″S 115°19′04″E / 30.98309°S 115.31774°E / -30.98309; 115.31774 (Lancelin) 1974–1974 2       During a total solar eclipse
Marshall Islands Reagan Test Site英语Reagan Test Site, Omelek Island英语Omelek Island, Kwajalein Atoll 9°02′53″N 167°44′35″E / 9.048167°N 167.743083°E / 9.048167; 167.743083 (Omelek) 1950s-   39 000 kg   Orbital   US-controlled ICBM base converted for satellites. SpaceX Falcon 1. Close to the equator.
New Zealand Birdling's Flat英语Birdling's Flat 43°49′01″S 172°40′59″E / 43.81700°S 172.68300°E / -43.81700; 172.68300 (Carnarvon)       Formerly proposed launch site for Rocket Lab, never developed.
New Zealand Mahia 39°15′38″S 177°51′52″E / 39.26044°S 177.86431°E / -39.26044; 177.86431 (Mahia) 2017– 1 10 500 kg 250 km Only test flight failed to reach it's intended orbit.

Proposed or planned spaceports in Oceania

[编辑]

海上发射平台

[编辑]
国家 名称
位置
坐标 运作时间 火箭发射数量 最大发射载重 最大发射高度 注解
Ocean Odyssey英语Ocean Odyssey complex Mobile 1999– 30   462 000 kg   Orbital   Mobile satellite launch platform operated by Sea Launch. Uses a converted oil platform that plies between Long Beach, California, where a Zenit-3SL rocket is collected, and the equator, where the rocket is launched.
Russian Delta class submarines Mobile 1998– 2   30 000 kg   Orbital   Launch of unmanned satellites into Earth orbit via converted SLBM missile Shtil英语Shtil' from the Barents Sea.
Denmark MLP Sputnik 55°02′57″N 15°36′11″E / 55.04917°N 15.60306°E / 55.04917; 15.60306 2010– 4   1 630 kg   8.2 km   Mobile satellite launch platform operated by Copenhagen Suborbitals英语Copenhagen Suborbitals.

在海洋和南极的火箭发射场

[编辑]

Please delete items or move them to the table above with appropriate data and references.

另见

[编辑]

参考

[编辑]
  1. ^ Hammaguira. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  2. ^ Kapani Tonneo. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  3. ^ Jabal Hamzah. Encyclopedia Astronautica. [25 October 2014]. 
  4. ^ Egypt - Missile. NTI. James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. [25 October 2014]. 
  5. ^ San Marco. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  6. ^ Tawiwa. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  7. ^ Overberg. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. (原始内容存档于2 December 2013). 
  8. ^ Jiuquan. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  9. ^ Taiyuan. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  10. ^ "嫦娥一号"发射时间确定 但未到公布时机. XINHUA Online英语XINHUA Online. July 7, 2007 [August 2, 2007]. (原始内容存档于March 15, 2012). 
  11. ^ Xichang. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. (原始内容存档于29 January 2005). 
  12. ^ Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), ISRO
  13. ^ Sriharikota. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  14. ^ Qom. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. (原始内容存档于3 March 2016). 
  15. ^ Emamshahr. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. (原始内容存档于2 December 2013). 
  16. ^ Al Anbar. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. (原始内容存档于8 November 2013). 
  17. ^ Palmachim. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  18. ^ Kagoshima. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  19. ^ Tanegashima. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  20. ^ Baikonur. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  21. ^ Musudan. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. (原始内容存档于2 December 2013). 
  22. ^ Sohae Satellite Launching Station : Facilities. Nti.org. [11 August 2017]. 
  23. ^ Goheung. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  24. ^ http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/kooburra.htm
  25. ^ Missile Facilities – Flight Test Range, Sonmiani Beach, NTI互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2009-09-23.
  26. ^ Sonmiani. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. (原始内容存档于24 August 2015). 
  27. ^ Pike, John. Tilla Jogian / Malute [Malot] - Pakistan Special Weapons Facilities. Globalsecurity.org. [11 August 2017]. 
  28. ^ India & Pakistan Ballistic Missile Tests. Acronym.org.uk. [11 August 2017]. 
  29. ^ Svobodniy. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  30. ^ Dombarovsky. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. (原始内容存档于16 December 2013). 
  31. ^ Archived copy. [2010-08-14]. (原始内容存档于2011-04-10). 
  32. ^ First rocket launch from Russia's Far Eastern Vostochny spaceport. [11 August 2017]. 
  33. ^ ISRO plan more launches, Rediff, January 05, 2014
  34. ^ Andoya. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. (原始内容存档于2 December 2013). 
  35. ^ Kapustin Yar – astronautix.com
  36. ^ sv:Nausta英语sv:Nausta
  37. ^ 37.0 37.1 Kiruna. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  38. ^ Hill, C N. A Vertical Empire, History of the British Rocketry Programme – 2nd Edition. World Scientific. 2011. ISBN 978-1-84816-796-4. 
  39. ^ Hebrides rocket launch: The space milestone we almost missed. BBC Scotland News. 3 February 2016 [20 February 2017]. 
  40. ^ SSC - Swedish Space Corporation - SSC. Ssc.se. [11 August 2017]. 
  41. ^ Fort Churchill. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. (原始内容存档于14 February 2005). 
  42. ^ Resolute Bay. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  43. ^ Thule AFB. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  44. ^ Black, Patrick. About Wallops. 20 April 2015 [11 August 2017]. 
  45. ^ White Sands, Astronautix
  46. ^ Nevada Test Site. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  47. ^ Vandenberg –. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  48. ^ Kodiak Launch Complex互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2009-06-07., AADC
  49. ^ Spaceport America - The world's invitation to space. Spaceportamerica.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  50. ^ Spaceport America. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. (原始内容存档于27 March 2009). 
  51. ^ Welcome to Virginia Space. Marsspaceport.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  52. ^ T-minus 1 year until rocket launch site construction starts in Nova Scotia – Nova Scotia – CBC News. CBC.ca. [2017-03-16]. 
  53. ^ It is rocket science: New details revealed about proposed space port in Nova Scotia. CBC.ca. 2017-04-11 [2017-06-22]. 
  54. ^ PlanetSpace still plans to blast-off from Cape Breton, chairman says, CBC News, February 21, 2008
  55. ^ Rocketeers pick Canadian launch site, MSNBC, June 2, 2005
  56. ^ Oklahoma Spaceport website
  57. ^ Spaceport Oklahoma Licensed by FAA, SpecRef.com, October 15, 2001
  58. ^ Spaceports Around the World: Australia's Woomera and Weipa Spaceports, spacetoday.org
  59. ^ Cape York. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  60. ^ Christmas Island. Astronautix.com. [11 August 2017]. 
  61. ^ High Speed Flight Demonstration project (HSFD), JAXA

外部链接

[编辑]


*英语Category:Rocket launch sites Rocket Launch Sites英语Category:Lists of rocket launches