芦沟龙属：修订间差异

芦沟龙属; 化石时期：侏羅紀早期，196.5–189.5 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	正模標本頭顱骨的素描
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：	爬行綱 Reptilia
演化支：	真爬行動物 Eureptilia
演化支：	卢默龙类 Romeriida
亚纲：	双孔亚纲 Diapsida
演化支：	新双弓类 Neodiapsida
演化支：	蜥类 Sauria
演化支：	主龜龍類 Archelosauria
下纲：	主龍形下綱 Archosauromorpha
总目：	地位未定 incertae sedis
属：	†芦沟龙属 Lukousaurus; Young, 1940
模式種
	尹氏蘆溝龍; Lukousaurus yini; Young, 1940

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蘆溝龍屬（屬名：Lukousaurus）是分類地位有爭議的主龍形下綱動物，生存於早侏羅世辛涅繆爾期^[1]，已知的化石包含不完整的頭骨、牙齒、前肢與後腿骨骼，皆發現於中國雲南省中北部的祿豐盆地^[2]^[3]。蘆溝龍長期被歸類為角鼻龍類^[4]或虛骨龍類恐龍^[5]，並作為這兩個類群在東亞首批被發表的成員之一^[3]，同時也是亞洲已知最早的獸腳類恐龍^[6]。但2000年代起，開始有古生物學家指出蘆溝龍的頭骨缺少獸腳類的若干重要特徵，故蘆溝龍也可能不屬於獸腳類，反而更接近非恐龍的偽鱷類^[7]^[8]。

蘆溝龍由中國古生物學家楊鍾健在1940年發表並命名。屬名並非直指發現地，而是指當時北平城外的盧溝橋。是時中國正值抗日戰爭，許多化石挖掘工作都是在艱困的環境下進行，楊鍾健取戰爭爆發地盧溝橋之名，意在使蘆溝龍成為抗戰艱難時期的象徵。模式種是尹氏蘆溝龍（L. yini），種名係表揚當時帶領研究工作，曾任中央地質調查所副所長的古生物學家尹贊勛^[2]。

參考文獻

^ Luo, Z.-X.; Wu, X.-C. The small vertebrate fauna of the lower Lufeng Formation, Yunnan. Fraser, N. C.; Sues, H. D. (编). In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs: Early Mesozoic Tetrapods. Cambridge University Press. 1994: 251-270. ISBN 0-521-45242-2.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Young, C. C. On Two New Saurischians From Lufeng, Yunnan. Bulletin of the Geological Society of China. 1948, 28: 1–2. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.1948.mp281-2007.x.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Simmons, D. J. The non-therapsid reptiles of the Lufeng Basin, Yunnan, China (PDF). Fieldiana: Geology. 1965, 15: 1–93. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.5426.
^ Olshevsky, G. A revision of the parainfraclass Archosauria Cope, 1869, excluding the advanced Crocodylia (PDF). Mesozoic Meanderings 2 (San Diego). 1991: 1-196.
^ Young, C. C. Preliminary Notes on the Lufeng Vertebrate Fossils. Bulletin of the Geological Society of China. 1940, 20: 3–4. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.1940.mp203-4003.x.
^ Molina-Pérez, R.; Larramendi, A. Dinosaur Facts and Figures: The Theropods and Other Dinosauriformes. (譯) Connolly, D.; Cruz, G. A. R. Princeton University Press. 2019: 27, 112, 255. ISBN 978-0-691-18031-1.
^ Irmis, R. B. First report of Megapnosaurus (Theropoda: Coelophysoidea) from China. PaleoBios. 2004, 24 (3): 11–18. ISSN 0031-0298.
^ Knoll, F.; Rohrberg, K. CT scanning, rapid prototyping and re-examination of a partial skull of a basal crocodylomorph from the Late Triassic of Germany. Swiss Journal of Geosciences. 2012, 105: 109–115. ISSN 1661-8726. doi:10.1007/s00015-012-0094-4.

[Luo1994-1] Luo, Z.-X.; Wu, X.-C. The small vertebrate fauna of the lower Lufeng Formation, Yunnan. Fraser, N. C.; Sues, H. D. (编). In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs: Early Mesozoic Tetrapods. Cambridge University Press. 1994: 251-270. ISBN 0-521-45242-2.

[Young1948-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Young, C. C. On Two New Saurischians From Lufeng, Yunnan. Bulletin of the Geological Society of China. 1948, 28: 1–2. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.1948.mp281-2007.x.

[Simmons1965-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Simmons, D. J. The non-therapsid reptiles of the Lufeng Basin, Yunnan, China (PDF). Fieldiana: Geology. 1965, 15: 1–93. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.5426.

[4] Olshevsky, G. A revision of the parainfraclass Archosauria Cope, 1869, excluding the advanced Crocodylia (PDF). Mesozoic Meanderings 2 (San Diego). 1991: 1-196.

[Young1940-5] Young, C. C. Preliminary Notes on the Lufeng Vertebrate Fossils. Bulletin of the Geological Society of China. 1940, 20: 3–4. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.1940.mp203-4003.x.

[Molina-Pérez-6] Molina-Pérez, R.; Larramendi, A. Dinosaur Facts and Figures: The Theropods and Other Dinosauriformes. (譯) Connolly, D.; Cruz, G. A. R. Princeton University Press. 2019: 27, 112, 255. ISBN 978-0-691-18031-1.

[Irmis2004-7] Irmis, R. B. First report of Megapnosaurus (Theropoda: Coelophysoidea) from China. PaleoBios. 2004, 24 (3): 11–18. ISSN 0031-0298.

[Knoll2012-8] Knoll, F.; Rohrberg, K. CT scanning, rapid prototyping and re-examination of a partial skull of a basal crocodylomorph from the Late Triassic of Germany. Swiss Journal of Geosciences. 2012, 105: 109–115. ISSN 1661-8726. doi:10.1007/s00015-012-0094-4.

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@@ 第1行： / 第1行： @@
 {{Automatic Taxobox
 | taxon = Lukousaurus
-| fossil_range = [[侏儸紀]]早期<br/>196.5 - 189.5 Ma
+| fossil_range = [[侏羅紀]]早期，{{fossilrange|196.5|189.5}}
-| image = Lukousaurus yini.jpg
+| image = [[File:Lukousaurus yini.jpg|260px]]
-| image_caption = 頭顱骨
+| image_caption = 正模標本頭顱骨的素描
-| authority = [[楊鍾健]], 1948
+| authority = [[楊鍾健|Young]], 1940
+| type_species = '''尹氏蘆溝龍<br>''Lukousaurus yini'''''
-| subdivision_ranks = [[種]]
+| type_species_authority = Young, 1940
-| subdivision =
-*'''尹氏蘆溝龍 ''L. yini''''' <br><small>楊鍾健, 1948 ([[模式種]])</small>
 }}
+'''蘆溝龍屬'''（[[學名|屬名]]：{{lang|la|''Lukousaurus''}}）是分類地位有爭議的[[主龍形下綱]]動物，生存於[[侏羅紀|早侏羅世]][[辛涅繆爾期]]<ref name = Luo1994>{{ cite book | last1 = Luo | first1 = Z.-X. | last2 = Wu | first2 = X.-C. | chapter = The small vertebrate fauna of the lower Lufeng Formation, Yunnan | editor1-last = Fraser | editor1-first = N. C. | editor2-last = Sues | editor2-first = H. D. | title = ''In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs: Early Mesozoic Tetrapods'' | publisher = [[Cambridge University Press]] | year = 1994 | isbn = 0-521-45242-2 | page = 251-270 }}</ref>，已知的化石包含不完整的頭骨、牙齒、前肢與後腿骨骼，皆發現於[[中國]][[雲南省]]中北部的[[祿豐盆地]]<ref name = Young1948>{{ Cite journal | last1 = Young | first1 = C. C. | year = 1948 | title = On Two New Saurischians From Lufeng, Yunnan | journal = ''Bulletin of the Geological Society of China'' | volume = 28 | pages = 1-2 | doi = 10.1111/j.1755-6724.1948.mp281-2007.x | url = }}</ref><ref name = Simmons1965>{{ Cite journal | last1 = Simmons | first1 = D. J. | year = 1965 | title = The non-therapsid reptiles of the Lufeng Basin, Yunnan, China | journal = ''Fieldiana: Geology'' | volume = 15 | pages = 1-93 | doi = 10.5962/bhl.title.5426 | url = https://dinodata.de/dinothek/pdf_t/1965/nontherapsidrept151simm_dd.pdf }}</ref>。蘆溝龍長期被歸類為[[角鼻龍類]]<ref>{{ cite journal | last1 = Olshevsky | first1 = G. | year = 1991 | title = A revision of the parainfraclass Archosauria Cope, 1869, excluding the advanced Crocodylia | journal = ''Mesozoic Meanderings 2'' | location = San Diego | page = 1-196 | url = http://www.miketaylor.org.uk/tmp/Olshevsky_1991_A_revision_of_the_parainfraclass_Archosauria_Cope_1869_excluding_the_advanced_Crocodylia.pdf }}</ref>或[[虛骨龍類]]恐龍<ref name = Young1940>{{ Cite journal | last1 = Young | first1 = C. C. | year = 1940 | title = Preliminary Notes on the Lufeng Vertebrate Fossils | journal = ''Bulletin of the Geological Society of China'' | volume = 20 | pages = 3-4 | doi = 10.1111/j.1755-6724.1940.mp203-4003.x | url = }}</ref>，並作為這兩個類群在[[東亞]]首批被發表的成員之一<ref name = Simmons1965/>，同時也是[[亞洲]]已知最早的[[獸腳類]]恐龍<ref name = Molina-Pérez>{{ cite book | author = Molina-Pérez, R.; Larramendi, A. | others = (譯) Connolly, D.; Cruz, G. A. R. | title =
-'''蘆溝龍'''（屬名：''Lukousaurus''）的[[化石]]發現於[[中國]][[雲南省]]的[[下祿豐組]]，該地年代為[[侏儸紀]]早期；化石只有小型[[頭顱骨]]中的大部分口鼻部，顯示出[[淚腺]]部位有明顯的角狀物。
+''Dinosaur Facts and Figures: The Theropods and Other Dinosauriformes'' | publisher = [[Princeton University Press]] | year = 2019 | isbn = 978-0-691-18031-1 | page = 27, 112, 255 }}</ref>。但2000年代起，開始有[[古生物學家]]指出蘆溝龍的頭骨缺少獸腳類的若干重要特徵，故蘆溝龍也可能不屬於獸腳類，反而更接近非恐龍的[[偽鱷類]]<ref name = Irmis2004>{{ Cite journal | last1 = Irmis | first1 = R. B. | year = 2004 | title = First report of ''Megapnosaurus'' (Theropoda: Coelophysoidea) from China | journal = ''PaleoBios'' | volume = 24 | issue = 3 | pages = 11-18 | issn = 0031-0298 | doi = | url = https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/research/paleobios/paleobios-back-issues/2004-2000/ }}</ref><ref name = Knoll2012>{{ Cite journal | last1 = Knoll | first1 = F. | last2 = Rohrberg | first2 = K. | year = 2012 | title = CT scanning, rapid prototyping and re-examination of a partial skull of a basal crocodylomorph from the Late Triassic of Germany | journal = ''Swiss Journal of Geosciences'' | volume = 105 | pages = 109-115 | issn = 1661-8726 | doi = 10.1007/s00015-012-0094-4 | url = https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00015-012-0094-4#citeas }}</ref>。
+蘆溝龍由中國古生物學家[[楊鍾健]]在1940年發表並命名。屬名並非直指發現地，而是指當時[[北平]]城外的[[盧溝橋]]。是時中國正值[[中國抗日戰爭|抗日戰爭]]，許多化石挖掘工作都是在艱困的環境下進行，楊鍾健取戰爭爆發地盧溝橋之名，意在使蘆溝龍成為抗戰艱難時期的象徵。[[模式種]]是'''尹氏蘆溝龍'''（''L. yini''），種名係表揚當時帶領研究工作，曾任[[中央地質調查所]]副所長的古生物學家[[尹贊勛]]<ref name = Young1948/>。
-蘆溝龍是由[[楊鍾健]]在1948年所敘述、命名，[[模式種]]是'''尹氏蘆溝龍'''（''L. yini''）。屬名來自於[[北京]]附近的[[蘆溝橋]]，也就是[[中國抗日戰爭]]的開始地點。蘆溝龍曾因為與[[角鼻龍下目]]的關連性，而被分類為一種[[獸腳亞目]][[恐龍]]；也有論點認為牠們跟[[虛骨龍類]]有關聯。蘆溝龍的頭顱骨與它的大小相比，相當堅固，而牙齒則被敘述成典型的獸腳亞目牙齒。然而，蘆溝龍有可能是種[[伪鳄类]]，並非恐龍。
-==外部連結==
+== 參考文獻 ==
+{{Reflist}}
-* [http://www.dinoruss.com/de_4/5a8cc33.htm 蘆溝龍簡介] - The Dinosaur Encyclopaedia網站
-* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060315213517/http://www.dinosauria.com/dml/names/dinol.htm 蘆溝龍] - Dinosauria.com網站
-* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090628102404/http://www.thescelosaurus.com/ceratosauria.htm 角鼻龍下目] - Thescelosaurus!網站
-* [http://www.dinodata.org/index.php DinoData網站] (需要註冊)
 {{獸腳亞目|B.}}
 {{Taxonbar|from=Q591610}}
@@ 第26行： / 第23行： @@
 [[Category:中國恐龍]]
 [[Category:楊鍾健命名的生物分類|L]]
-{{dinosaur-stub}}