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重返帝国

维基百科,自由的百科全书
重返帝国
Heim ins Reich
1939年,第三帝国(灰色)占领了波兰(红色)。此图示意德意志裔如何自苏联的“势力范围”迁回[1]

时间1938–1944
地点纳粹德国占领的土地
形式种族清洗与人口转移
理由生存空间
策划者阿道夫·希特勒

重返帝国(德语:Heim ins Reich;意为“回到帝国故土”)是阿道夫·希特勒在第二次世界大战期间奉行的外交政策。此政策于1938年开始,希特勒的倡议旨在说服所有居住在纳粹德国(例如奥地利、捷克斯洛伐克和波兰西部地区)以外的德意志裔人口努力从这些地区“重返”到大德意志帝国中。他还要求德意志人而且还要从自《苏德互不侵犯条约》签订后不归属德国的波兰东部地区西迁。重返帝国政策的对象主要是《凡尔赛条约》后新生的波兰以及其他德国大量居民居住的地区,例如苏台德但泽以及1939年10月6日以后的欧洲东南和东北地区[2]

这项政策的实施由VoMi(Hauptamt Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle;党卫队国外德意志民族事务部)管理。作为纳粹党的国家机构,它处理了所有关于德意志裔问题。到1941年,VoMi已由党卫军控制[2]

历史

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1939年~1944年"重返帝国"在被占领的波兰

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参见

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参考资料

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  1. ^ Lynn M. Tesser. Europe´s pivotal peace projects: Ethnic separation and European integration (PDF). March 2015 Issue 6. European Policy Analysis. [11 January 2017]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于13 January 2017). Heim ins Reich, with approximately 600,000 Germans (Volksdeutsche) moving into designated areas [was approved by Hitler, in] a bevy of population exchange agreements in 1938-40 [including] in a 6 October 1939 Reichstag speech. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 R. M. Douglas. Orderly and Humane: The Expulsion of the Germans after the Second World War. Yale University Press. 2012: 21 [2020-08-25]. ISBN 978-0300183764. (原始内容存档于2020-02-24). In a keynote address to the Reichstag to mark the end of the 'Polish campaign', Hitler announced on October 6, 1939 ... the Heim ins Reich (Back to the Reich) program. The prospect horrified many ethnic Germans, much of whose enthusiasm for Nazism had been predicated on the expectation that the boundaries of the Reich would, as in the cases of Austria, the Sudetenland, and Danzig, extend to embrace them. The prospect of being uprooted from their homes to face an uncertain future not even in Germany proper, but in the considerably less salubrious environment of western Poland, was much less attractive. So far from rallying enthusiastically to the Führer's call, therefore, many Volksdeutsche greeted the declaration of the Heim in Reich initiative with a deep sense of betrayal.